Islam, Caste, and Dalit-Muslim Relations in India

Adil advocate AIBMM ajlaf Ambedkar argues ashraf backward caste Barani Bihar Brahminical Buddhism caste groups caste system caste-based Chamar claim contributors to Dalit conversion to Islam critique Dalit conversion Dalit Voice Dalit-Muslim unity Dalits and Muslims deciding kafa'a Delhi denying Deobandi economic egalitarian Ejaz ethnic faith fiqh fuqaha genuine Prophetic traditions Hadith Hanafi Hanafi ulama Hence Hinduism Hindutva Ibid Imam Indian Muslim Indian Muslim society Indian ulama insists irrespective of religion Islamic leadership Jihad kafa'a leaders liberation major marginalised marriage marry Maulanas Muhammad Muslim community Muslim contributors Muslim leadership Muslim masses Muslim religious leadership Muslims in India Muslims writing nasb non-Muslims notion of kafa'a Nu'mani Nu'mani writes numbers occupation op.cit piety political Qur'an Qurban Ali Zameenzad Ram Nath ritual says Sayyed Scheduled Caste status seeks social equality social hierarchy struggle Sufis Tablighi traditional ulama ulama un-Islamic understanding of Islam untouchability upper writing in Dalit Yoginder Sikand