A.

Abbott, C., on the battles of seals, 512.
Abductor of the fifth metatarsal, pres-
ence of, in man, 42.

Abercrombie, Dr., on disease of the
brain affecting speech, 89.

Abipones, marriage customs of the, 611.
Abortion, prevalence of the practice of,
46.

Abou-Simbel, caves of, 171.
Abramis brama, 254.

Abstraction power of, in animals, 84.
Acalles, stridulation of, 311.

Acanthodactylus capensis, sexual dif-
ferences of colour in, 361.
Accentor modularis, 484.
Acclimatisation, difference of, in differ-
ent races of men, 171.

Achetidæ, stridulation of the, 288, 289,
290; rudimentary stridulating organs
in female, 293.

Acilius sulcatus, elytra of the female,
280.

Acomus, development of spurs in the fe-
male of, 459.

Acridiidæ, stridulation of the, 291, 293;
rudimentary stridulating organs in fe-
male, 293.

Acromio-basilar muscle, and quadru-
petal gait, 42.

Acting, 182.

Actinic, bright colours of, 264.

Adams, Mr., migration of birds, 109; in-
telligence of nut-hatch, 418; on the
Bombycilla carolinensis, 471.
Admiral butterfly, 317.

Adoption of the young of other animals
by female monkeys, 70.
Advancement in the organic scale, Von
Baer's definition of, 167.

Aeby, on the difference between the
skulls of man and the quadrumana,
152.

Esthetic faculty, not highly developed
in savages, 94.
Affection, maternal, 70; manifestation

of, by animals, 70; parental and filial,
partly the result of natural selection,
107; mutual, of birds, 419; shewn by
birds in confinement, for certain per-
sons, 420.

Africa, probably the birthplace of man,
158; South, crossed population of, 177;
South, retention of colour by the Dutch

42

in, 197; South, proportion of the sexes
in the butterflies of, 255; tattooing
practised in, 586; Northern, coiffure
of natives of, 587.

Agassiz, L., on conscience in dogs, 104;
on the coincidence of the races of man
with zoological provinces, 172; on the
number of species of man, 178; on the
courtship of the land snails, 267; on
the brightness of the colours of male
fishes during the breeding season, 346;
on the frontal protuberance of the
males of Geophagus and Cichla, 346,
352; male fishes hatching ova in their
mouths, 352; sexual differences in col-
our of chromids, 352; on the slight
sexual differences of the South Ameri-
cans, 573; on the tattooing of the Am-
azonian Indians, 589.

Age, in relation to the transmission of
characters in birds, 274; variation in
accordance with, in birds, 495.
Agelæus phoeniceus, 229, 424.

Ageronia feronia, noise produced by,
313.

Agrion, dimorphism in, 295, 296.
Agrion Ramburii, sexes of, 295.
Agrionidæ, difference in the sexes of,
295.

Agrotis exclamationis, 322.

Ague, tertian, dog suffering from, 8.
Ainos, hairiness of the, 572.
Aitchison, Mr., on sheep, 251.
Aithurus polytmus, young of, 498
Albino birds, 427.

Alca torda, young of, 497.
Alces palmata, 527.

Alder and Hancock, MM., on the nudi-
branch mollusca, 268.

Allen, J. A., vigour of birds earliest
hatched, 215, 217; effect of difference
of temperature, light, &c., on birds,
228; colours of birds, 431; on the rela-
tive size of the sexes of Callorhinus
ursinus, 257; on the name of Otaria ju-
bata, 533; on the pairing of seals, 534;
on sexual differences in the colour of
oats, 546.

-S., on the habits of Hoplopterus,
373 on the plumes of herons, 398; on
the vernal moult of Herodius bubul-
cus, 400.
Alligator, courtship of the male, 225, 358;
roaring of the male, 579.
Amadavat, pugnacity of male, 373.
641

Amadina Lathami, display of plumage

by the male, 409.

castanotis, display of plumage by
the male, 409.
Amazons, butterflies of the, 255; fishes
of the, 350.

America, variation in the skulls of abo-
rigines of, 26; wide range of aborigines
of, 172; lice of the natives of, 173; gen-
eral beardlessness of the natives of,
572.

North, butterflies of, 255; Indians
of, women a cause of strife among the,
574 Indians of, their notions of fe-
male beauty, 590, 593.
-South, character of the natives of,
171; population of parts of, 177; piles
of stones in, 183; extinction of the fos-
sil horse of, 196; desert-birds of, 500;
slight sexual difference of the abo-
rigines of. 573; prevalence of infanti-
cide in, 605.
American languages, ofter highly arti-
ficial, 92.

Americans, wide geographical range of,
29; native, variability of, 177; and ne-
groes, difference of, 201; aversion of,
to hair on the face, 593.
Ammophila, on the jaws of, 280.
Ammotragus tragelaphus, hairy fore-
legs of, 543, 545.

Amphibia, affinity of, to the ganoid

fishes, 162; vocal organs of the, 579.
Amphibians, 168, 354; breeding whilst
immature, 495.
Amphioxus, 162.

Amphipoda, males sexually mature
while young, 496.

Amunoph III., negro character of fea-
tures of, 172.

Anal appendages of insects, 281.

Analogous variation in the plumage of
birds, 393.

Anas, 472.

acuta, male plumage of, 400.
boschas, male plumage of, 400.
histrionica, 495.
punctata, 380.

Anastomus oscitans, sexes and young
of. 496; white nuptial plumage of, 503.
Anatidæ, voices of, 381.

Anax junius, differences in the sexes of,

295.
Andaman

to

islanders, susceptible
change of climate, 192.
Anderson, Dr., on the tail of Macacus
brunneus, 59: the Bufo sikimmensis,
356; sounds of Echis carinata, 360.
Adræna fulva, 297.

Anglo-Saxons, estimation of the beard
among the, 593.

Animals, domesticated, more fertile
than wild, 45; cruelty of savages to,
119; characters common to man and,
149; domestic, change of breeds of,
609.

Annelida. 269; colours of, 269.

Anobium tessellatum, sounds produced
by, 311.

Anolis cristatellus, male, crest of, 361;
pugnacity of the male, 361; throat-
pouch of, 361.

Anser canadensis, 424.

cygnoides, 423; knob at the base of
the beak of, 435.

Anser hyperboreus, whiteness of, 503.
Antelope, prong-horned, horns of, 238.
Antelopes, generally polygamous, 221;
horns of, 238, 515; canine teeth of some
male, 513; use of horns of, 519; dorsal
crests in, 543; dewlaps of, 544; winter
change of two species of, 555; peculiar
markings of, 526.

Antennæ, furnished with cushions in the
male of Penthe, 281.

Anthidium manicatum, large male of,
284.

Anthocharis cardamines, 314, 317, 318;
sexual difference of colour in, 328.
genutia, 318.

sara, 318.

Anthophora acervorum, large male of,
284.

retusa, difference of the sexes in,

297.
Anthropidæ, 155.

Anthus, moulting of, 399.
Antics of birds, 387.

Antigua, Dr. Nicholson's observations
on yellow fever in, 199.

Antilocapra americana, horns of, 239,

515, 518.

Antilope bezoartica, horned females of,
516, 517, 518; sexual difference in the
colour of, 547.

Dorcas and euchore, 516.
euchore, horns of, 520.

montana, rudimentary canines in
the young male of, 526.

-niger, sing-sing, caama, and gorgon,
sexual differences in the colours of,
548.

oreas, horns of. 238.

saiga, polygamous habits of, 221.
strepsiceros, horns of, 238.

subgutturosu, absence of sub-orbital
pits in, 542.

Antipathy shewn by birds in confine-
ment, to certain persons, 420.

Ants, 150; large size of the cerebral
ganglia in, 54; soldier-, large jaws of,
63; playing together, 69; memory in,
75: intercommunication of, by means
of the antennæ, 90; habits of, 150 ; dif-
ference of the sexes in, 296; recogni-
tion of each other by, after separation,

296.

White, habits of, 295.
Anura, 356.

Apatania muliebris, male unknown, 258.
Apathus, difference of the sexes in, 297.
Apatura Iris, 312, 314.

Apes, difference of the young, from the
adult, 9; semi-erect attitude of some,
52; mastoid processes of, 53: influ-
ences of the jaw-muscles on the phys-
iognomy of, 54: female, destitute of
large canines, 64; building platforms,
84; imitative faculties of, 131; an-
thropomorphous, 156; probable speedy
extermination of the, 158; Gratiolet
on the evolution of, 181; canine teeth
of male, 513; females of some, less
hairy beneath than the males, 615.

long-armed, their mode of progres-
sion, 52.

Aphasia, Dr. Bateman on, 89.
Apis mellifica, large male of, 284.
Apollo, Greek statues of, 594.
Apoplexy in Cebus Azara, 7

Appendages, anal, of insects, 281.
Approbation, influence of the love of,
111, 117, 133.

Aprosmictus scapulatus, 468.
Apus, proportion of sexes, 259.
Aquatic birds, frequency of white plum-
age in, 504.

Aquila chrysaëtos, 416.

Arab women, elaborate and peculiar
coiffure of, 596.

Arabs, fertility of crosses with other
races, 174; gashing of cheeks and
temples among the, 587.
Arachnida, 476.

Arakhan, artificial widening of the fore-
head by the natives of, 596.
Aboricola, young of, 479.
Archeopteryx, 162.

Arctiidæ, coloration of the, 320.
Ardea asha, rufescens, and cærulea,
change of colour in, 505-507.

breeding in immature plumage, 495.
gularis, change of plumage in, 506.
herodias, love-gestures of the male,

387.

ludoviciana, age of mature plumage
in, 496; continued growth of crest and
plumes in the male of, 496.

nycticorax, cries of, 375.
Ardeola, young of, 479.

Ardetta, changes of plumage in, 471.
Argenteuil, 22.

Argus pheasant, 391, 410, 473; display of
plumage by the male, 405; ocellated
spots of the, 438; gradation of charac-
ters in the, 443.

Argyll, Duke of, on the physical weak-
ness of man, 63; the fashioning of im-
plements peculiar to man, 83; on the
contest in man between right and
wrong, 127; on the primitive civiliza-
tion of man, 146; on the plumage of
the male Argus pheasant, 406; on
Urosticte Benjamini, 452; on the nests
of birds, 463.

Argynnis, colouring of the lower surface
of, 320.

Aricoris epitus, sexual differences in the
wings of, 281.

Aristocracy, increased beauty of the,
599.

Arms, proportions of, in soldiers and
sailors, 32; direction of the hair on
the. 154.

and hands, free use of, indirectly
correlated with diminution of canines,

Asinus tœniopus, 560.

Ass, colour-variations of the, 560.
Ateles, effects of brandy on an, 7; ab
sence of the thumb in, 51.

beelzebuth, ears of, 15.

marginatus, colour of the ruff of,
549; hair on the head of, 561.
Ateuchus cicatricosus, habits of, 305,
Ateuchus, stridulation of, 311.

Athalia, proportion of the sexes in, 258.
Atropus pulsatorius, 296.
Attention, manifestations of, in animals,
74.

Audouin, V.. on a hymenopterous para-
site with a sedentary male, 225.
Audubon, J. J., on the pinioned goose,
106; on the speculum of Mergus cu
cullatus, 240 on the pugnacity of
male birds, 370, 373; on courtship of
Caprimulgus, 374; on Tetrao cupido,
374; on Ardea nycticorax, 375; on
Sturnella ludoviciana, 374; on the
vocal organs of Tetrao cupido, 378;
on the drumming of the male Tetrao
umbellus, 382; on sounds produced
by the nightjar, 382, 383; on Ardea
herodias and Cathartes jota, 387, 388;
on Mimus polyglottus, 419; on dis-
play in male birds, 401; on the spring
change of colour in some finches, 401;
on migration of mocking thrushes,
419; recognition of a dog by a turkey,
420 selection of mate by female
birds, 424 on the turkey, 420, 426;
on variation in the male scarlet tana-
ger, 432; on the musk rat, 554; on
the habits of Pyranga astiva, 463;
on local differences in the nests of the
same species of birds, 466; on the
habits of woodpeckers, 468; on Bʊm-
bycilla carolinensis, 471; on young
females of Pyranga æstiva acquiring
male characters, 472; on the imma-
ture plumage of thrushes, 475; on the
immature plumage of birds, 475 et.
seq. on birds breeding in immature
plumage, 495; on the growth of the
crest and plume in the male Ardea
ludoviciana, 496; on the change of
colour in some species of Ardea, 505,
Audubon and Bachman, MM., on squir-
rels fighting, 511; on the Canadian
lynx, 533.

Aughey, Prof., on rattlesnakes, 366.
Austen, N. L., on Anolis cristatellus, 360.
Australia. not the birthplace of man,
158; half-castes killed by the natives
of, 174; lice of the natives of, 173

South, variation in the skulls of
aborigines of. 26.
Australians, colour of newborn chil-
dren of, 569; relative height of the
sexes of, 571; women a cause of war
among the, 573.

Axis deer, sexual difference in the col-
our of the, 549.

Aymaras, measurements of the, 34: no
grey hair among the, 571; hairless-
ness of the face in the, 573; long hair
of the, 573.

Azara, on the proportion of men and
women among the Guaranys, 249; on
Palamedea cornuta, 372; on the
beards of the Guaranys, 573; on strife
for women among the Guanas, 574;

on infanticide, 590, 605; on the eradi-
cation of the eyebrows and eyelashes
by the Indians of Paraguay, 593; on
polyandry among the Guanas, 606;
celibacy unknown among the savages
of South America, 607; on the free-
dom of divorce among the Charruas,
611.

B.

Babbage, C., on the greater proportion
of illegitimate female births, 249.
Babirusa, tusks of the, 530.
Baboon, revenge in a, 70; rage excited
in, by reading, 72; manifestation of
memory by a, 74; employing a mat
for shelter against the sun, 84; pro-
tected from punishment by its com-
panions, 104.

Cape, mane of the male, 533; Ha-
madryas, mane of the male, 533.
Baboon, effects of intoxicating liquors
on, 7 ears of, 15; diversity of the
mental faculties in, 27; hands of, 49;
habits of. 51; variability of the tail in,
58; manifestation of maternal affec-
tion by, 70; using stones and sticks as
weapons, 83; co-operation of, 102;
silence of, on plundering expeditions,
105; apparent polygamy of, 220;
polygamous and social habits of,

603.

Baboons, courtship of, 635.

Bachman, Dr., on the fertility of mulat-
toes, 174.

Bar, K. E., von, on embryonic devel-
opment, 9; definition of advance-
ment in the organic scale, 167.
Bagehot, W., on the social virtues
among primitive men, 118; slavery
formerly beneficial, 119; on the value
of obedience, 132; on human prog-
ress, 135 on the persistence of sav-
age tribes in classical times. 187.
Bailly, E. M., on the mode of fighting of
the Italian buffalo, 520; on the fight-
ing of stags, 522.

Bain, A., on the sense of duty, 99; aid
springing from sympathy, 104; on the
basis of sympathy, 107; on the love
of approbation, &c., 111; on the idea
of beauty, 596.

Baird, W., on a difference in colour be-
tween the males and females of some
Entozoa, 264.

Baker, Mr., observation on the propor-
tion of the sexes in pheasant-chicks,
252.

Sir S., on the fondness of the Arabs
for discordant music, 387; on sexual
difference in the colours of an ante-
lope, 548; on the elephant and rhi-
noceros attacking white or grey
horses, 552; on the disfigurements
practised by the negroes, 553; on the
gashing of the cheeks and temples
practised in Arab countries, 587; on
the coiffure of the North Africans,
587; on the perforation of the lower
lip by the women of Latooka, 588; on
the distinctive characters of the coif-
fure of central African tribes, 589; on
the coiffure of Arab women, 596.
"Balz" of the Black-cock, 370.

Bantham, Sebright, 214, 243.
Banteng, horns of, 516; sexual differ-
ences in the colours of the, 548.
Banyal, colour of the, 592.
Barbarism, primitive, of civilised na
tions, 146.

Barbs, filamentous, of the feathers, in
certain birds, 393, 439.

Barr, Mr., on sexual preference in dogs,
536.

Barrago, F., on the Simian resemblances
of man, 3.

Barrington, Daines, on the language of
birds, 87; on the clucking of the hen,
375; on the object of the song of birds,
376; on the singing of female birds,
377 on birds acquiring the songs of
other birds, 377; on the muscles of
the larynx in song birds, 378; on the
want of the power of song by female
birds, 460.

Barrow, on the widow-bird, 411.
Bartels, Dr., supernumerary mammæ in
men, 37.

Bartlett, A. D., period of hatching of
birds' eggs, 168; on the tragopan,
223; on the development of the spurs
in Crossoptilon auritum, 240; on the
fighting of the males of Plectropterus
gambensis, 371; on the knot, 398; on
display in male birds, 402; on the dis-
play of plumage by the male Poly-
plectron, 404; on Crossoptilon auri-
tum and Phasianus Wallichii, 408;
on the habits of Lophophorus, 428; on
the colour of the mouth in Buceros
bicornis, 434; on the incubation of the
cassowary, 489; on the Cape Buffalo,
520; on the use of the horns of ante-
lopes, 520; on the fighting of male
wart-hogs, 532; on Ammotragus tra-
gelaphus, 543; on the colours of Cer-
copithecus cephus, 549; on the colours
of the faces of monkeys, 562; on the
naked surfaces of monkeys, 614.
Bartlett, on courting of Argus pheasant,

407.

Bartram, on the courtship of the male
alligator, 358.

Basque language, highly artificial, 92.
Bate, C. S., on the superior activity of
male crustacea, 245; on the propor-
tions of the sexes in crabs, 259; on the
chels of crustacea, 271; on the rela-
tive size of the sexes in crustacea, 272;
on the colours of crustacea, 275.
Bateman, Dr., tendency to imitation in
certain diseased states, 73; on Apha
sia, 89.

Bates, H. W., on variation in the form
of the head of Amazonian Indians, 28;
on the proportion of the sexes among
Amazonian butterflies, 254; on sexual
differences in the wings of butterflies,
282; on the field-cricket, 288; on Py-
rodes pulcherrimus, 299; on the horns
of Lamellicorn beetles, 300, 302; on the
colours of Epicaliæ, &c., 314; on the
coloration of tropical butterflies, 316;
on the variability of Papilio Sesostris
and Childrence, 325; on male and fe-
male butterflies inhabiting different
stations, 327; on mimiery, 329; on the
caterpillar of a Sphinx, 331; on the
vocal organs of the umbrella-bird, 380;