tibility with the assurances in Lord Castlereagh's the United States, been the declared object of their letter to the American Secretary of State, proposing Guvernment. From the commencement of the war this negociation, and with the solemn assurances of 10 the present tine, the American Government the British Plenipotentiaries themselves, to the has been always willing to make peace, without undersigned at their first conferences with them. obtainmg any cession of territory, and on the sole 1 The undersigned, in reference to an observation of condition that the maritime questions might be sathe British Plenipotentiaries, niust be allowed to listuciurily arranged. Such was their disposition say, that the cbjects which the Government of the in the month of July, 1812, when they instructed United States liad in view, have not been withbeid,

Mr. Russell to make the proposal of an armistice; The subjects considered is suitable for discussion

in the month of October of the same year, when were fairly brought forward in conferences of the Mr. Monroe answered Adiciral Warren's proposals 9ih ult. and the lerms on which the United States to the same eilect; in April, 1813, when instrucwere willing to conclude the peace, were tranhly tions were given to threc of the undersigned, then and expressly declared in the Note of the under appointed to treat of peace, under the mediation of signed, dated the 241h ulín). It had been conti-Russia; and in January, 1814, when the instruce denly hoped that the nature of those terms, so

tions under which the undersigned are now a ting, evidémily franied in a sincere spirit of conciliation, were prepared. would have induced Great Britain to adopt then

The proposition of the British Plenipotentiaries as the basis of a treaty: and it is with deep regret is, that in order to secure the frontiers of Canada thai the undersigned, if they have righily under against attack, the United States should leave their stood the meaning of the last Note of the British

own without defence'; and it seems to be forPlenipotentiaries, perceive that they suill insist on gotten, that if their superior population, and the the exclusive military possession of the Lakes, and proximity of their resources give them any advanOn a permanent boundary and independent territory tage in that quarter, it is balanced by the great diffor the Indians residing within the dominions of the ference between the military establistinents of the United States. The first demand is grounded on the

lwo nations. No sidden invasion of Canada by supposition, tliat the American Government has

the United States could be made, without leaving manifested, by its proceedings towards Spani, by the

on their Atlantic shures, and on the ocean exposed acquisition of Louisiana, by purchase of Indian

to the great superiority of the British force, a mass lands, and by an avowel intention of permanently

of American property tar more valuable than Ca. annexing the Canadas to the United States, a spirit nada. In her relative superior force to that of of'aggrandisement and conquest, which justifies the the United States in every other quarter, Great demands of extraordinary sacrifices from them, to

Britain may find a pledge much more efficacious provide for the security of the British Possessions for the safety of a single vulne able point, than in America. In the observations which the under-in stipulations ruinous to the interests and degrad. signed felt it their duty to make on the new de- ing to the lionour of America. The best security mands of the British Government, they confined

for the possessions of both countries will, however, their animadversions to the nature of the demands be found in an equal and solid peace; in a mutual themselves; they did not seek for illustratiuns of respect for the rights of each other, and in the cultithe policy of Great Britain in her conduct, in various vation of a friendly understanding between them. quarters of ulre globe, towards other nations, for she If there be any source of jealousy in relation to was not accountable to the United States. Yet the Canada itself, it will be found to exist solely in undersigned will say, that their Government has the undue interference of traders and agents, which ever been ready to arrange in the most an.icable may be easily removed by proper restraints. The mander with Spain, the questions respecting the only American forts on the Lakes known to have boundaries of Louisiana and Floridas, and hat of been at the cominencement of the negociation held indemnities acknowledged by Spam due to American by British force are Michillimackinac and Niagara. citizens. Ilow the peaceable acquisition of Loui- As the United States were, at the same time, in siana, or the purchase of lands within the acknow- possession of Amherstburg and the adjacent coupledged territory of the United States, both made trg, it is not perceived that the mere occupation by fair and voluntary treaties for satisfactory equi- of those two forts could give any claim to his Brivalents, can be ascribed to a spirit of conquest dan- | tannic Mlajesty to large cessions of territory, founded gerous to their neighbours, the undersigned are alto- upon the right of cùuquest; and the undersigned gether at a loss to understand. Nor has the coliquest of Canada, and its permanent annexation to

(To be continued.)

Printed and Publishicd by G. HOUSTON: No. 192, Strand; where all Coinipunications addressed to the

Editor are requested to be forwardedo

so many men in our jails for writing li-l favour of this law, tell us, or, rather, tell bels; while I recollect that so many Gen- the Parliament, that our farmers cannot tlemen were sent from Scotland to Botany sell so cheap as those who pay no tythes, Bay, on the charge of attempting a revo-poor-rates, and, comparatively, , very lution in our Government; and, while I little in taxes of any sort. What is this hear no word from Mr. WHITEREAD in but attacking tythes, one of the most their behalf, that gentleman must excuse ancient and venerable institutions in the me, if I am very little moved by his elo-whole world! and these are Bulwark quence, great as it is, in behalf of these men, too, who petition in these terms ? Spaniards. There is a Mr. LOVELL,who In France they have not been able to has been in our jail of Newgate about restore tythes; or, in your language, to four years and a half. His offences deliver the country from the want of were, copying a short paragraph from a tythes. They have not been able to restore country paper relative to the operation of the gabelles, the corvées, the feudal the PROPERTY Tax, and publishing courts, laws and rights, nor have they another paragraph, or letter, relative to yet seen a Monk in France since the the conduct of the Transport Board to-days of Brissot. They have put up the wards French prisoners of war. He Bourbons; but, they have not put down might be in error in both instances; but, the code Napoleon.--At the same time his affidavits shewed, that he was the I am reminded of an occurrence that will author of neither publication; that he give you both pleasure and pain: I mean copied one, inadvertently, from a country the attempt to assassinate Napoleon by newspaper, and that he did not examine the hand of some hired villain. It will the other with sufficient care. He was give you pleasure that a villain has been sentenced to eighteen months imprison- found to attempt the deed, and pain to ment for each, and was fined besides; know that it has not succeeded. Your and he is now in jail, where he has been manifesto lias excited a great deal of for a year and a half, wanting ability to anger in our Bulwax's newspapers, one of "Nie fines Mr. Houses is sutiering which serves, that it was hoped and ima) years impulsoumeni mai fine for a papereiti, in me Tertford viguste book on religion Away, then, will then ald have declared asparation of the complaints of Don Carrea and Don Puig- üredtin ut unce." On the other land, you blanc and all the Dons in the universe, are held in the utmost contempt. You 'till Mr. Lovell and Mr. Houston and had courage to menace, but not enough to others find somebody to feel and to strike. If any of you were, however, to speak for them. It will vex you very do here what you have actually done in much to know, that the French revolution America; that is, to endeavour to overawe has produced remarkably beneficial the King and Parliament, you would be consequences to the country. It is now hanged, have your bowels ripped out acknowledged, and even proclaimed, by and flung in your faces, have your bodies our Bulwark newspapers, that France cut in quarters, and the quarters placed has greatly improved in agriculiure, at the king's disposal. ---How foolislr during whiat

is called her state of that would make Heariade men look ! disorganization, though

Yours to command, by these same newspapers, and by

WILLIAM COBBETT our insipid and hireling Mr. WALSH, that Napoleon had left none bnt old

THE BUDGET. men, women, and children to cultivate the land. These poor, feeble creatures This is now a most interesting topic. have got the land into such a fine state, I shail, therefore,insert the Budget-Speech that we are compelled to resort 10 a law at full length, and when I have so done, to protect our farmers against their corn, I shall offer thereon such remarks as apin which article they undersell us in our pear to me likely to be useful. own markets. The truth is, that, in addition to this great improvement in the The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in state of France, the Bulwark war has calling the attention of the Conimittee to left us a load of taxes, which the land the Financial measures of which he had cannot pay without hig's prices. The given notice, staled that the House was petitions, which have been presented in aware that the Property Tax would ext

66

we

were told

pire on the 5th of April next, and that he believed that the Commissioners emseveral other war taxeş would also ex- ployed in its collection had been actuated pire three months afterwards, in July. by the purest and most patriotic motives. It was an important consideration whe- They were not a set of men appointed ther the renewal of those taxes should and paid by the crown. They were the be contemplated, or the sums necessary same gentlemen to whom the country to pay off the expences of the war shonld was indebted for the preservation of be levied in a different manner. It was peace, and whose attention and exertions not his intention as he had already stated in the gratuitous dispensation of justice on a former occasion, to propose the re- did them the greatest honour. There newal of the Property Tax; not merely were certainly many provisions in the because tlrat tax was to expire on the Act about to expire, which should not 6th of April next, or the war with Amé- be adopted at a future period without the rica was terminated; for though it was deepest consideration. He could not a war impost, he did not consider the refer to times when liberty was better House precluded from again resorting understood than to those that followed to it, should circumstances render it ex. the revolution.--Yet let the House look pedient. He did not consider that the at the 1st of Queen Anne, second sectransactions of 1806 on this subject tion, chapter fifty-three, enacted at the could bind future Parliaments against renewal of the French war, and they the interest of the country. He did not would find what duties were then imunderstand a compact between the Com- posed. Amongst others, there was one mons at large and Parliament. On this of four shillings in the pound, on pensions subject, whatever had been stated in the and annuities, and one of five shillings petitions laid before the House would in the pound, on the produce of profeshave had no effect, had more powerful sions. The Commissioners, or the major considerations, required the renewal of part of them, were empowered to exathis impost. He recollected having heard mine or inform upon oath, and all traa Right Hon. Gentleman begging pardon ders compelled to give returns, signed by of the House, for the part which he had themselves, of the whole quantity and taken in 1806, in the increase of the Pro- value of their stock in trade. The Comperty Tax. For himself, there was nothing missioners were besides authorised to which he considered with more satisfac- enter their premises at any hour. With tion than the share which he had in main- respect to the Property Tax, whenever taining that impost. He believed that it had been possible to make the assessthe Property Tax had been the means ment without personal injury it had been of rescuing the land from its difficulties, done. The property in the funds was of supporting the exertions made in the assessed to its full amount, without any cause of European independence, and difficulty. That in land was also pretty effecting the delivery of nations.-(Hear, clearly ascertained, but that engaged in hear, hear!)-It had saved the country trade was of a less tangible shape, and a funded debt of 303 millions. It had its assessment conld not be very correct. produced in money 150 millions, and If, on the revival of the tax, a new node saved a capital of unfunded debt of 180 of assessment could be found in that parmillions, and near nine millions of per- ticular branch, it would probably contrimanent taxes. Yet however productive bute to render it more productive. He it had been, and however useful it might then alluded to a clause included in the have proved at a time when large sums Act in 1803, for allowing private examiwould be wanted, he did not think proper nations, but which did not fully answer te revive it, but considered it more ex- the end proposed. Having thus entered pedient to preserve it as a resource, in into a defence of the provisions of the case of the future renewal of war, to be Property Tax, to prevent that odium resorted to enly in the greatest emergen- from being left, which had been ex cies, as the firm basis of our public cre-pressed against it, and which it so little dit. (Hear, hear!) He had been told deserved, he would now proceed to state of thc inqnisitorial nature of this tax, and the reasons which induced him to think many complaints had been uttered in its renewal uradvisable; though in the the House against the vexaions which present year, when large sums would be it was said to occasion. For bis owo part, I wanted to liquidate arrears, such a mea

HE

.

sure might have appeared to many pre fication, the present system must have ferable to raising a loan, and on account been overthrown, and one more vexaof the advantages which it promised to tious establisbed in its stead. As this yield, perfectly justifiable. At the Peace impost would, therefore, now encounter of Amiens, the Property Tax had been many difficulties in its operation, and pledged to make good a large sum of, as it was not the iutention of Parliament money, and charged for a period of niue that it should be employed except as a years. Though its renewal would there-war tax, lie thought it was far better fore have heen authorised by present to lay it aside entirely, and to return to circumstances, he had considered that one of those resources which at all the immense fluctuation of price which times remained open to the country. He had taken place in almost every article was convinced, however, that in point of would have introduced so great a variety right, had it been expedient, it would as to make returns extremely difticult. have been excusable to have preserved it The impost would have fallen, besides, for the purpose of dinrinishing the sum with particular weight on the class of which must be raised by loan. As to farmers, who would bave found them- the amount of the expenses of the year, selves rated far beyond their real property. until the ratification of peace by AmeThe assessment had been calculated on rioy should be received, it would be ima fair average, but when the fluctuation possible to ascertain it correctly. He of prices became excessive, the average could not enter into any details on that could no longer be regarded as just. subject, as its reduction would in some Many ideas had been suggested to con- sort depend on the period at which this tinue that tax during the present year, intelligence should be received. What with various modifications. It might he should now propose would therefore have been done on three different prin- not be entirely on the footing of peace ciples. By exempting those classes, on expenditure. Large sums of money would whom its operation was considered as be required this year: sims, whicl: likely to produce an unfair pressure, and even the renewal of the Property Tax including all tixed property. But the would not have covered. Bit since it chief giound on which this impost had was abandoned, the loan must be consibeen cheerfully borne, was, that all were derably larger. In taking an enlarged included in it. When that should no view of our present situation, he would longer be the case, it would appear that not compare it with that of the country Government were encroaching on the when it was involved in ditficulties at the good faith of their creditors. Another close of the American war, and our pubmode might have been adopted; persons lic credit was really giving way. He might have been charged in a proporti- would oppose it to the most flourishing onate ratio to their incomes; the rich period of our history, that which preceded might have been made to pay much, and the long and extraordinary warfare in the poor, little : but this would have which we had been engaged. been impracticable. The act gave no insight into the whole income of any 'oge; In the year 1791, the produce of the consolidated it charged every species of property,

Fund was

£ 13,47 2,000 without enquiring about its proprietor. The charges upon it

11,381.000 Any gentleman, for instance, might be

which being deducted from it, lest a sura partner in a banking-house in London,

2,151,000 might be one of a commercial partnership

To this was to be added, the produce of at Bristol, might hold a share in a ma

Land and War Taxes nufactory at Manchester, and have 100,0001. in the funds (a laugh); for Forming together a total of -... 4,709,000 every one of these he would be assessed

disposable for the service of the counrry. separately; he might gain on the one Ourincone io the 5th of January last, inand lose on the other, and no one would

cluding the produce of the Consolidated know h's real income. There was no

Fund, amounted to

38,256,000 case in which the whole of a man's re

To this was to be added in War Taxes venue was known, unless when he applied for an abatement to be made. To Forining together a 10tal of

40,96 2.000 revive the Property Tax with this modi- ! I'he charges upou itis were

plus of

2,558,003

2.706,000