was a fine example of French economy, and Catho- , female character in France is a proof of it. There lic charity united. He gave a beggar a-sous, and is that freedom of activit, and reliance on their own sook back iwuliaids in change.

powers, in the French women, generally, which oc

casionalli', we observe with admiration in women The following very interesting particu- of superior talents in England. lars, as to the occupations of the fair 'sex, are highly deserving of consideration: The contrast drawn hy our author be

tween the ancient nobility and the preIn every part of France women employ thew

sent occupiers of land in France, possselves in offices wlich are deemed with is unsuit

esses no small degree of interest : able to the sex. Here there is no sexual disuinc

Trie ancient nobilily, before the revolution, tion of employment : the women undertake ang

were not very refined in their node of living task they are able to preiforni, without much notion

at their chateaux, These house's, generally of Giness or unfiness. This applies to all classes.

in a ruinous siale and badly iuinishreel, were The lady of one of the principal clothers at Lollviers, conducied us over the works ; gave us pal- occasionally visited by their owinis, accolispitnicu

probably by a party of guests, it it oncious terus of the best cloulis ; ordered the machinery lo

Tribe of domestics. These visiis were the result of be set in motion for our gratifications, and was evidently in the habit of atiending to the whole detail caprice sometimes; otten of necessiny: to recover

fresh vigor for the expences of Paris: but rarely of the busiuess. Just so, near Roven, the wile of

for the true e::joj nient ot lie country. Tlicir ap. the largest farmer in ihat quarter, conducted me 10 the barns and stables ; shewed nie the various im-pearance was not welcomed by their tenants, froiu plem:ats, and explained their use : tuok ne into whom certain extra services were then required. the fields, and described the mode of husbandry, Provisions of a ll kinds, grain, tish, fowl, all were iu which she perfecily understood ; expatiated on the requisition. The dependiants

, aimust plundering,

and insolent of course. The gentry. spending their excellence of their fallous; pointed out the bes!

time at cards or i;illiards; or promenading in ilveir sheep in the tochi, and gave me a detail of their management in buying their wether lambs and fi:1- strait lined gardens, in stiff Parisian dresses, were lening their wethers. This was ou a rarm of about only kn.)wn on their estates to be haled and desa

piszd. A beller spirit prevails at present. Proou every shop and warehouse you see similar activity in the temales. Al the ring al porce. Hemian, and are cultivating their estu.ies; whilst the

prietors have acquired a touch of the commity genlain manufactory at Sevres, a woman was called to

Tenants are relieved from degrading curvees and receive payment for the articles we purchased. lu

viher odius oppressions. Still, stuck is waaling the Halle de Bled, at Paris, women, in their lille

10 render a couniry residence inviting to those wiio counting houses, are performing the ofice of tac

cannot be satisfied in the socieiy otheir own due lors, in the sale of grain and fignr. In erery

de

mestic circle; or who may not be blessed with a nupartiucit lley occupy an important station, from

werous and trappy mily. When capital, in the one extreruity of the country to the other.

hands of well educated mon, begas to be directed In many cases, where women are employed in

lo rural affairs, a foundation is laid for a better state phie more laborious occupations, the real eatise is

of society. A broad foundation of this sort has alirectly opposite to the apparent. You see them

been already laid in France. Thanks 10 ile in the south, ihreshing, with the men, under a burn

Revolut on.ing sun ;-il is a family pariy threshing out the erop of their own freehold : a woman is holding

We have heard much respecting the a ploug! ;-the plough, the horses, the land is Police, and the number of crimes in her's ; or, (as we have it) ber husband's ; .who is | Tradesinen. Many have gone so far as probatiy sowing the wheat which she is turning in.

to attribute the increase of crimes with You are shocked, on seeing a fine young woman

us to a defect in our laws of police.-loading a dung cart; it belongs in her failure, whiu But whatever may be in this, it is clear is manuring his own field, for their coumaon sup

from Mr. Birbeck's statement, " that port. In diese instances the toil of the woman de crimes are by no means so prevailing there notes wealth rather than want ; though the latter

as in this country. is the notive 10 wbich a superficial observer woule

Whilst waiting for my passport of deparlúre, at refer it. Who can estimale the importance, in a the Bureau of the Prefecture, Juany persuns were moral and political view, of this state of things :

400 acres.

a

and couunodious apartment, called the Bureau des with a pike in his hand, met me, and civilly en: Pusspurts, I have no doubt but this important ob- , yuired if tlie grapes were good. Les raisins

ject is attained without difficulty or contusion. 1 sont ils bons?" Non,” replied I. • Comme presumie passporis are procured without much tronca;" and shewed hizo the bunch I had ble or any experice II tie paraies : they are there: athered. You !llist go with me “a la Ville," fore not likeis lu be neglecoed by aliy but the evil says he, devant le Maire." I remonstrated

he alispuisaid; and as general security is the aim, and

threatened: al length le consented in a great degree the result, vi these secruingly se- 10 let me off for frauk. This I should vere regulations, they may be submitted to wiila not have complied willı, if my company had not cheerfulness. A police of this kind urust prevent the ben forwarı!, and waiting for me; but would bave existence of :uch diordes oi bandiiti as intest our ine- paid the legal penalty before the mayor. In the tropolis. Here can be no dark and inscrutable recesses south, where vineyards are universal, the same dewhere villains by professiull may collect in al mass, gree of stric:ness would not have appeared in this and conspire against the public. This is the fair particular, but the watchful spirit is perceived side. llow much ihese reduction favour political every where. tyranny, I alu not qualified iv say; but here I sus- With a Government jeally Representative, such pect ruischeit. Horsever, the clerk in this vilice a police would not be an engine of oppression: and appear to be a civil, respectable set, and much bel. tu estimate its value in comparison with a vindic1er employed in preventing crimes, and are proba- tive police, such as that of England, we must conbly better mell, than the swarm of police officers, sider the wreichedness of the agent of a criminal with us, who live by them; who, by overlovhing act, as well as the sutiering of'ils object. Its watchstra!l offences, nurse up the criminals to that emi- tui character renders pilfering unprofitable and nience in guilt, which cntiiks the tiniei-laker to a dangerous, therefore it is not followed as a proreward. Security of person and property, two fussion : a man rises to an accomplished villain by great ends of Suciety, are attained in a brigher de degrees, therefore the prevention of small offences gree under the French than under the English hinders the commission of atrocious crimnes. systemu.

(To be continued.) Prevention of crinies is the very spirit of the torruer, which pervades every place, and meets

MARSHAL MARMONT. you at every turn. In the country, the Gurdes champetres, a revolutionary institution, are the SIR, -At the time the influence of the <cat weans, always iu activity, of crushing them allies caused the delection of the Dukę in the egg. One or more of these officers is ap- of Ragnsa from Napoleon, the Duke was pointed in every commune, whose duty it is 10 stationed at the head of forty thousand prevent all petty depredations, and even trespasses of the finest troops in the French serout of the public pulbs. lu every case they may vice, to act as a screen on Paris, on the arrest the offender, and carry him before the approach of the allies to that capital. mayor of the conmune, who leviesa penally | This command formed an important post according 10 law. These men are always on the in the plan of a master-piece of Genealeit; amned, wostly with a pikc, sometimes with ralship, by the execution of which, had a guu; and are authorized to use torce in case of Marmont only remained faithful, the alresistance. In 10wdis, the preventive police is p.s- lies would have fallen in the hands of dorued by stie wilicary, and most effectually. Napoleon, When the Duke of Ragusa Being winches the direction of the civil power, il consented to betray Napoleon, he detachsuch a force must be maintained, perhaps thised twenty thousand of tliese troops from is the best quode of employing it. The rezulurity his army; sending them quite out of the and stricluess of military discipline, form the French | way; the affectionate devotion to the soldiers into excellent civil guards, and the end is cause of the country, and the enthusi80 beneficial that the means way well be tolerated. astic attachment to Napoleon of the The Gardes ctiam petres are so watchtul and alert, whole of this veteran army, rendering

that they scem 10 possess sort of ubiquity even the remaining twenty thousand men which is very etfectual in preventing peily depre. a formidable corps. To these the Duke dations. Walking up a bill from Gorbeil, I strayed of Ragusa contrned to have THIRTY into a vineyard by the road side. The grapes were" pound shot served out, although their miserable; small as curracts, and unripe. Tu largest guns carried only TWENTY poun: plunder was the last thing I should have thouglui Iers; and so minutely did he enter into of; however I picked a little bunch. As the details of treachery. that be caused same out of the yineyard, stout young fellow, SAND to be mixed with the powder

a

am, &c.

which was to be used by these brave fel. pendence of Europe may be possibly lows !!!--The attempt male by the disturbed.' Ministers, I bave no doubt, Duke of Ragusa to vindicate nis conduct ordently desire war. But var does not towards Napoleon, obliges me, in coin suit them jusi at present. They must inon justice, to refule ali bis laboured Communicate with the Allies. Some of defence, by this plain statement them mav bave been offended at Con: FACTS : for confirmation of the trail gress. They want also large subsidies. of which, I appeal to the survivors of

the ::roperty tax, or something like it, all those brave soldiers, whom lic THUS will be the next ministerial measure.. left to be SLAUGHTERED!! la

And soon afier war will be declared

MIRATOR. against France. I hope I am mistaken, Clifton, April 13, 1815.

-but a short time will deiermiae.

Yours, &c. &c. G. G. F. THE ADDRESS.

London, April 12th, 1815, MR. COLBETT.-In the Regent's Message to Parliameat, we are told, that

LORD COCHRANE. the events which have recently occurred in France, tineaten consequences highly His Lordship bas addressed a Letter dangerous to the tranquillity and inde “ To his Constituents,” in which he fully pendence of Europe. Let us pause here tor a moment, and consider whether explains his motives for leaving the King's or not this broad assertion be true. ---Bo-Bench prison, and the objects he had in naparte, we know, has declared bis deter- view in taking his seat in the House of mination to rest on the Treaty of Paris ; Commons. Justice requires that this he has declared that he will not invarte publication should be read, before any other countries, but only difend himself

one ventures to ensure the conduct of against foreign attack. In what then .consists the danger to the tranquillity

his Lordship. I have no room for more and independence of Europe? Why than the following extracts: should not all Europe continue in the "I have heard much about the duty of present state of peace? France has, submitting to the laws, but not enough by a calm Revolution, changed her Ruler; Louis left the tirone, aud Napoleon to inspire me with reverence for iniquity took it; and it is clear that Napoleon is exercised under legal appearances. It is the choice and approbation of the French zot by him who resists injustice commitPeople. Who dare dispute the right ted under the forms of law, but by liim of the People to the choice of their who zrakes thicse forms the instruments Rulers? In wiat respect then does this

that llie simple, but wonderful change endanger and the cloke of injustice, tbrüt ifie laws the tranquillity of Europe? We are told are violated. I did not, however, quit that there is to be aw augmentation of 11:ese walls to escape from personal ophis Majesty's land, and sea forces. For pression, but at the bazard of my life to wbat purpose is this augmentation ? Will

assert that right to liberty which as a pot this augmentation of land and sea forces lead to an augmentation of land member of ille community I have never and sea taxes ? Is not the whole world forieited, and iliat riglit which I received now in a state of Peace, and ought not from you, to attack in its very den, the every thing to return to a peace esta corruption which threatens to annihilate blishment? Must we be for ever in the the liberties of us all. I did not quit expensive attitude of war, because the tranquillity of Europe may, some time or

them to fly from the justice of my counother, be disturbed ? Who is to disturb try, but to expose the wickedness, fraud, it? At one time, the Emperor of Russia ; and hypocrisy of those who clude that at another time the King of Prussia; at justice by committing their enormities another, Napoleon Bonaparte, or Louis I under the colour of its name. I did not the 18th, 1976), or 20th ; may be said to endanger it. And so we are to be quit them from the childish motive of perpetually burdened with increasing impatience under suffering : I staid long taxes, because the tranquillity and inde- enough here to evisce that I could em

66

480

dure restraint as a pain, but ant as a pe-; been long most unjustly detained; but nalty. I staid long enough to be certain I judged it better to endeavour to that my persecutors were conscious of conceal my absence, and to defer my their injustice; and to feel that my sub- appearance in the llouse until the public mission to their unmerited infictions was agitation excited by the Corn Bill, should losing the dignity of resiguation, and subside. And I have further to request sinking into ibe ignominious endurance that you will also communicate to the of an insult.

llouse that it is my ipiention on an “ Gentlemen ; if it had not beep for early day to present myself for the purthe commotion excited by that obnoxious, pose of taking my seat, and moving an injurious, and arbitrary ineasure, the Inquiry into the conduct of Lord Ellen, Corn. Bill, which began to evice itself borough. I have the honou to be, Sir, on the day of my departure from prison, your most obedient humble servant, (which was on the anniversary of my

COCHRANE." escape from similar oppression at Malta

“ Gentlenen: If the Right Honourable four years before, I should have lost no,

the Speaker dad thought proper to comtime in proceeding to the House of Commoss : but conjecturing that the spirit of Letter to the lionse, as le afterwards

ply with any request; if he had read my disturbance mighi derive some encourage- read that which he received from the ment from my unexpected appearance at Marshal of the King's Bench,' relative that time, and having no inclination to to my apprehension; the scandalous repromote tumult, 1 resolved to defer my perts which appeared in the hireling appearance at that House, and, if possible, Journals

, attributing my conduct to crito conceal my departure from the Prison, minal or contemplative motives, could until the order of the Metropolis should be

not have been invented or propagated. restored. I bad, bowever, been out but

" I did not go to the House of Coma few days wkeu I received intimation that a Committee of the House of Com- iuys; about tine or imprisonment; or of

mons to complain about losses or suffera

ings mons appointed to enquire into the state

projxniy to the amount of ten times the of the Prison, had discovered that I was fine, of which I have been eleated by absent. Conceiving that they would this malicious Prosecution, I did not communicate the circumstance, and anxi

go to the House to complain of the ous to obviate any false impressions as to mockery of having been heard ju, nay

in my motives and intentions, I immediately defence, and answered by a reference to addressed the following Letter to the that Decision from which that Defence Speaker, which I fully expected he would

was an Appeal. I did not go there to bave read to the House :

complain of those who expelled me from

my Profession: for if I could have London, March, 9, 1815.

stooped to the Enemies of my Coun“Sir: I respectfully request that you try at home, I might still have will state to the lionourable the House been instrumental in humbling its of Commons, that I should immediately Enemies abroad. I did not go to the and personally have communicated to House to complain, generally, of the them my departure from the custody of Advisers of the Crown: but I went there Lord Ellenborough, by whom I have to complain of the conduct of bim

Printed and published by G. Houston: No. 198, Strand; where all Coin maxications addressed -tutką.

helt ok, ale seguented to be forwarded.

Vol. XXVII. No. 16.] LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 22, 1815.

[Price 1s.

481]

[482

TO THE POPLE OF ENGLAND. 66 want to force the French to put down On the approaching War against Frunce.

“ their present chief." That is to say,

we, modest people! do not wish, God for. The last war against France swelled the bid! to interfere in the internal affairs of annual taxes on account of the National France; we do not wish to force a chief Debt from 9 millions of pounds to 41 upon her; but, she having a chief whom millions of pounds; it caused, besides we do not like, we will make war upon this, 600 millions of pounds to be her, until she put him away. That is all ! raised, during the war, in other taxes; it Our modesty will not let us go an inch has reduced us to such a state, that, even further. in peace, loans were become necessary, In order that you may clearly see what besides taxes almost as heavy as in time of is the light, in which the French govergwar. Such, in short, in a pecuniary view, ment view the matter, I shall subjoin to were the effects of that war, that the go- this address the Official Documents pub. vernment found it expedient to resort to a lished in France, relative to it. In these Corn-Bill, in order to raise and keep up you will find the answer, which France the price of the first necessary of life, that gives to all her enemies. Here you will the owners and Tillers of the soil might find a clear description of the grounds, on be able to pay the taxes which that go- which she rests. The first document con. vernment wanted to pay the interest of the tains an answer to the charges against her Debt and to maintain the military esta and her chief; the second contains the blishments.

reasons for her preparing for her defence. These facts being undeniable, have we To these documents I have prefixed the not reason to dread the consequences of memorable Declaration of the Allies, another war against France ? Ought we dated at Vienna on the 13th of March. to run head-long into such a war? ( have, This was the first stone hurled at the in my four last Numbers, strenuously la- French nation. A careful perusal, and boured to prevent this calamity; but, I an occasional reference, to these Docunow really begin to fear, that the wishes ments, will keep fresh in the memory of of the enemies of peace and freedom may every man the REAL CAUSES of the finally prevail. The Income or Property war, if war should now take place. Tax is again to be brought forward, and, The Borough-faction, who are now if the news-papers be correct, on the same crying out for war through the columns of principle as before. The Alien Act is our vile news-papers, tell us, that we canagain to be proposed, if we are to rely not live in safety, while Napoleon is at the upon the same sources of information. head of the government of France. This In short, if the accounts of proceedings in has, under all changes, been their cry for Parliament be true, we shall very soon be the last 22 years. We could not live at thrown back to the state of 1313 as to peace with the National Assembly. We expence, and to 1793 as to principle of could have no peace and safety with the

, action.

Convention. We could not have peace In my late Numbers I have, I think, and safety with the Consuls. We could very clearly shown, that, if we now make have no peace and safety with the Em. war upon France, it will be out of the peror before; no, nor can we have it power

of

any human being to dispute the with him now. The BOURBONS: these fact; that the war, on our part, is a war are the people, with whom alone our of aggression, and of aggression, too, of Borough-faction think they can enjoy the most odious and intolerable kind, sešo peace. We must, therefore, depose Napo. ing that even its openly professed object leon : yes, as we deposed Mr. Madison ! must be to force a government, or a chief, The peace of Europe and the world; and, upon France. It is said : “ No: we only especially our ozon safety, require, we are

Q

onland