told, this deposition. But, just so we were , and social relations; and that as an enetold in the case of Mr. Madison. “No my and disturber of the tranquillity of the “peace! No peace! No peace with James world he has rendered himself liable to "Madison !" was the cry of this faction. public vengeance. They declare at the Down with him! Send Duke Wellington! same time, that firmiy resolved to mainKill! kill! kill! Keep killing; keep bom- tain entire the Treaty of Paris of the barding; keep burping; keep on till James 30th May, 1814, and the dispositions sancMadison be deposed; 'till that “rebel tioned by that Treaty, and those which and traitor;" 'till that “ mischievous ex- they have resolved on, or shall hereafter 66 ample of the success of democratic re- resolve on, to complete and to consolidate 6 bellion be destroyed." They said our it, they will employ all their means, and work was but half done, 'till this was ac- will unite all their efforts ; that the genecomplished; and, they have become al ral peace, the object of the wishes of Eumost mad since their scheme was defeated. rope, and the constant purpose of their

Well, then, Englishmen, can you be- labours, may not again be troubled; and lieve, that these same men ; that this same to guarantee against every attempt which wicked faction, wish to put down Napo- shall threaten to replunge the world into leon for the love of freedom ? Was it for the disorders and miseries of revolutions. the love of freedom that they wished to And although entirely persuaded that all depose Mr. Madison ? Can you believe, France, rallying round its legitimate Sovethat it is from the fear of our safety being reign, will immediately annihilate this last put in danger by Napoleon ? Was it attempt of a criminal and impotent deliria from the fear of our safety being endanum; all the Sovereigns of Europe ani. gered by Mr. Madison that they wished mated by the same sentiments, and guided to depose him ? Do you think, that they by the same principles, declare that if, conwere afraid, that Mr. Madison would trary to all calcolations, there should re, over-run Europe with his armies.? Alas! sult from this event any real danger, they do you not see what is their real fear? will be ready to give to the King of France, Do you not see, that it is liberty ; that it and to the French nation, or to any other is free government ; that it is the rights Government that shall be attacked, as of mankind, which they wish to see de- soon as they shall be called upon, all the posed? Some patriot said : " where liberty assistance requisite to restore public tranis, there is my country.” If this faction quillity, and to make a common cause were to speak out honestly, they would against all those who should undertake say : 56 where liberty is, there is our Hell.” to compromise it. The present Declara

tion inserted in the Register of the Con. DECLARATION OF THE ALLIES. gress assembled at Vienna, on the 13th

March, 1815, shall be made public. Done The Powers who have signed the Treaty and attested by the of Paris, assembled at the Congress at Vi- High Powers who signed the Treaty of enna, being informed of the escape of NA- Paris, Vienna, 13th March, 1815. POLEON BONAPARTE, and of his entrance Austria-Prince Metternich, Baron Wisinto France with an armed force, owe it to their own dignity and the interest of

senberg social order, to make å solemn declara- France.-Prince Talleyrand, the Duke of tion of the sentiments which this event Dalberg, Latoar du Pin, Count Alexis has excited in them. By thus breaking and Noailles. the convention which has established him Great Britain.-Wellington, Clancarty, in the island of Elba, Bonaparte destroys

Cathcart, Stewart. the only legal title on which his existence depended-by appearing again in France Portugal.-Count Pamella SaldanhaLobs. with projects of confusion and disorder, Prussia. Prince Hardenberg, Baron he has deprived himself of the protection Humboldt. of the law, and has manifested to the uni- Russia.--Count Rasumowsky, Count verse, that there can be neither peace por truce with him.. The Povers consequently

Staeckelberg, Count Nesselrode. declare, that leon Bonaparte has Spain.---P.Gomez Labrador.

. placed husetzlicherte le of civil Sweden.-Lafmenhelm.

:

cool the

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF PRESIDENTS

ANSWER OF THE FRENCII GO- and as a Sovereign Prince by all the Powers, VERNMENT.

was no more than any one triable by the Congress of Vienna. An oblivion of those

principles, which it is impossible to ascribe OF THE COUNCIL OF STATE, APRIL 2.

to Plenipotentiaries who weigh the rights In consequence of the remit which has of nations with deliberation and prudence, been made to it, the Committee, composed has in it nothing astonishing when it is dis of Presidents of Sections of the Council of played by some French ministers, whose State, has examined the Declaration of the consciences reproach them with more than 13th of March, the report of the Minister one act of treason, in whom fear has proof General Police, and the documents duced rage, and whom remorse depriveş thereto subjoined. The Declaration is in of reason. Such persons might have risk, a form so unusual, conceived in terms so ed the fabrication, the publication of a strange, expresses ideas so anti-social, that document like the pretended declaration the Committee was ready to consider it as of the 13th of March, in the hope of stopone of those forgeries by which despicable ping the progress of Napoleon, and mismen seek to mislead the people, and pro- leading the French people as to the true duce a change in public opinion. But the principles of foreign powers. But such verification of legal minutes drawn up at men are not qualified, like the latter, to Metz and of the examinations of couriers, judge of the merit of a nation which they has left no ground for doubt that the trans- have misconceived, betrayed, delivered up mission of this declaration was made by to the arms of foreigners. That nation, the Members of the French Legation at brave and generous, revolts against every Vienna, and it must, therefore, be regard-thing bearing the character of baseness and ed as adopted and signed by them. It was oppression; its affections become enthuin this first point of view that the Com- siastic when their object is threatened or mittee thought it their duty to examine, attacked by a great injustice; and the as, in the first instance, this production, which sassination to which the declaration of the is without precedent in the annals of dip- 13th of March incites, will find an arm for lomacy, and in which Frenchmen, men its execution neither among the 25 mil. invested with a public character the most lions of Frenchmen, the majority of whom respectable, begin by a sort of placing followed, guarded, protected Napoleon without the law, or, to speak more pre- from the Mediterranean to the capital, nor cisely, by an incitement to the assassination among the 18 millions of Italians, the 6 of the Emperor Napoleon. We say with millions of Belgians and Rhenish, nor the the Minister of Police that this Declara- numerous nations of Germany, who, at tion is the work of the French Plenipoten- this solemn crisis, have not pronounced tiaries ; because those of Austria, Russia, his name but with respectful recollections; Prussia, and England, could not have nor amidst the indignant English nation, signed a deed which the Sovereigns and the whose honourable sentiments disavow the nations to which they belong will hasten language which has been audaciously to disavow. For in the first place these put into the mouths of Sovereigos. The Plenipotentiaries, most of whom co-opera. nations of Europe are enlightened ; they ted in the treaty of Paris, know that Na- judge the rights of the Allied Princes, and poleon was there recognised as retaining those of the Bourbons. They know that the title of Emperor, and as Sovereign of the convention of Fontainbleau was a the isle of Elba : they would have desig- treaty among. Sovereigns ; its violation, nated him by these titles, nor would have the entrance of Napoleon on the French departed, either in substance or form, from territory, like every infraction of a diplo. the respectful notice which they impose. matic act, like every hostile invasion, could They would have felt that, according to only lead to an ordinary war, the result the law of nations, the Prince least power- of which can only be, in respect of persons, ful from the extent or population of his that of being conqueror or conquered, free, States, enjoys, in regard to his political or a prisoner of war; in respect of posand civil character, the rights belonging sessions, that of being either preserved or to every Sovereign Prince equally with the lost, iocreased or diminished; and that most powerful Monarch ; and Napoleon, every thought, every threat, every attempt recognized under the title of Emperor, I against the life of a Prince at war with another, is a thing unheard of in the his- / wife from the husband, the son from the father, tory of nations and the cabinets of Eu- and that during distressing circumstances, when rope. In the violence, the rage, the ob- the firmest soul lias need of looking for consolalivion of principles which characterise the tion and support to the bosom of its family, aud Declaration of the 13th of March, we re- domestic affectious. cognise the envoys of the same Prince, the Secondly—The safety of Napoleon, of his im. organs of the same Councils, which, by perial family, and of their attendan!s, was gua. the Ordinance of the 9th of March, also ranteed (14th article of treaty), by all the placed Napoleon without the law, also in- Powers; and bands of assassins have been or. vited against him the poniards of assassins, ganised in France mder the eyes of the French and promised a reward to the bringer of Government, and even by its orders, as will his head. What, however, did Napoleon soon be proved by the solemu process against do ? He did honour by his confidence to the Sieur Demontbreuit, for the purpose of atthe men of all nations, insulted by the in- tacking the Emperor and his brothers and their famous mission to which it was wished to wives: in default of the success wliich was eso invite them; he shewed himself moderate, pected from this first branch of the plot, a comgenerous, the protector even of those who motion had been planned at Orgon, on the had devoted him to death. When he spoke Emperor's road, to attempt an attack on bis to General Excelmans, marching towards life by the hands of some brigands : they sent as the column which closely followed Louis governor to Corsica an assassin of George's, the Stanislas Xavier ; to Count D'Erlon, Sieur Brulart, raised purposely to the rank of who had to receive him at Lille; to General Marshal-de-Camp, known in Britany, in Anjori, Clausel, who went to Bordeaux, where in Normandy, iu La Vendee, in all Euglaud, by was the Duchess D'Angouleme; to Gene- the blood which he had stiedl, that he mighit preral Grouchy, dispatched to put a period pare and make sure the crime: and in fact seve: to the civil dissensions excited by the Duke ral isolated assassins attempted, in the Isle of D'Angouleme everywhere, in short, or

Elba, to gain by the murder of Napoleon the ders were given by the Emperor that per, guilty and disgraceful salary which was promised sons should be protected and sheltered from every attack, every danger, every violence, while on the French territory, centin were given in full property to Maria

Thirdly-The Dochies of Parma and Plaand when they quitted it. Nations and

Lonisa for terself, her son, and her descendants , posterity will judge on which side, at this

and after loug refusals to put her in possessiosi, great conjuncture, has been respect for the rights of the people and of sovereigns, they gave the finish to their injustice by an ais. for the laws of war, the principles of cirisolute spoliation, under the delusive pretext of

a change withont valuation, without proportio, lization, the maxims of laws, civil and reli.

withont sovereignty, withoit cousent: and dogious. They will decide between Napoleon and the Ilouse of Bourbon.

caments existing in the Foreign-office, whicle If, after having examined the pretended have been submitted to us, prove that it was on the Declaration of the Congress under this solicitations, at the instance, and by the intrigues first view, it is discussed in its relations to of the Privce of Benevent, that Naria Luuisa diplomatic conventions, and to the treaty and her son have been plundered. of Fontainbleau of the 11th of April, 1814, Fourthly-There should have beeu given to the ratified by the French government, it will Prince Engene, adopted son the Emperor, be found that its 'violation is only imputa. who has done honour to France, which gave ble to the very persons who reproach Na- him birth, and who bas conquered the affection poleon therewith. The treaty of Fontain. of Italy, which adopted biin, a suitable estabbleau has been violated by the Allied lishinent out of France, and he has obtained noPowers, and the House of Bourbon, in thing. what regards the Emperor Napoleon and

Fifthly-The Emperor had (art. 9, of the his family, in what regards the interests treaty) stipulated in favonr of the heroes of the and the rights of the French nation.

army, for the preservation of their endowments First-The Empress Maria-Louisa and her son on the Monte Napoleone : he bad reserved on the ought to have obtained passports, and au escort extraordinary domains, and on the funds of the to repair to the Emperor; and far from execut. civil list, means of recompensing his servants, ing this promise, they separated violently the l of paying the soldiers who attached themselves

to them,

to liis destiny: all was carried away and kept, could Napoleon do? Ought he, after back by the Ministers of the Bourbons. An having endured so many affronts, supagent for the French Military, M. Bresson, went ported so many injuries, to have co''sented in vain to Vienna, to claim for them the most to the complete violation of the engagesacred of properties--the price of their courage ments made with him, and resigning himand blood.

self personally to the lot which was preSixthly- The preservation of the goods, pared for him, abandon once more his wife, nioveable aud immoveable, of the family of the his son, his family, his faithful servants to Emperor, is stipulated by the same treaty (art. their frightful destiny ? Such a resolution 6): and they have been plandered of one and appears above human strength; and yet of the other ; that is to say, by main force in Napoleon would have taken it, if peace France, by commissioned brigauds; in Italy, by and the happiness of France had been the the violeuce of the military chiefs ; in the two price of this new sacrifice. Ile would have countries, by sequestratious, and by seiznres so- devoted himself again for the French peolemnly decreed

ple, of whom, as he wishes to declare to Seventhly--The Emperor Napoleon was to Europe, he makes it his glory to hold have received 2,000,000, and his family 2,500,000 every thing, to whom he wishes to ascribe francs per annum, according to the arrangement every thing, to whom alone he wishes to established in the 6th article of the treaty: and answer for all his actions, and to devote the French Governinent bas constantly refused to his life. It was for France alone, and to fulfil this engagement, and Napoleon would soon avert from it the misfortune of civil war, have been reduced to dismiss his faithful guard for that he abdicated the crown in 1814. He want of means to secure their pay, it he had not restored to the French people the rights found in the grateful recollectiqus of the bank- which he held of them: he left it free to ers, and merchants of Genoa and of Italy, the choose for itself a new monarch, and to honourable resource of a loan of 12 millions establish its liberty and its happiness on which was offered to him.

institutions which might protect both. He Eighthly— In short, it was not without a reason hoped for the nation the preservation of that they wished by all means to separate from all which he had acquired by 25 years of Napoleon those compauions of his glory, models combats and of glory, the exercise of its of devotedness and constancy, the unshaken sovereignty in the choice of a dynasty, gnarantees of bis safety and of bis life. The and in the stipulation of the conditions on island of Elha was secured to him in full pro

which it would be called upon to reigr.

He expected from the new government perty (art. 3, of the treaty) and the resolution to spoil him of it, which was desired by the respect for the glory of the armies, the Bourbons, and solicited by their agents, had rights of the brave, the guarantee of all been taken at the Congress.

the new interests, of those interests which

had arisen and been maintained for a quarAnd if Providence had not in its justice ter of a century, resulting from all the provided for him, Europe would have seen laws political and civil, observed, revered an attack made on the person on the li- during this period, because they were idenberty of Napoleon, banished for the future tified with the manners, the habits, the to the mercy of his enemies, far from his wants of the nation. Far from that, all family, and separated from his servants, idea of the sovereignty of the people was either to Saint Lucia, or St. Helena, which discarded. The principle on which all was intended for his prison. And when legislation, political and civil, since the the Allied Powers, yielding to the impru. Revolution, had rested, was equally disdent wishes, to the cruel importunities of carded. France has been treated by the the house of Bourbon, had condescended Bourbons like a revolted country, re-conto violate the solemn contract, on the faith quered by the arms of its ancient masters, of which Napoleon had released the and subjected anew to a feudal dominion. French nation from its oaths : when him- Louis Stanislas Xavier did not recognise self and the members of his family saw the treaty, which alone made the Throne of themselves threatened, attacked in their France vacant, and the abdication which persons, in their property, in their affec- alone permitted him to ascend it. He pretions, in the rights stipulated in their fa- tended to have reigned 19 years, thus inpour, as Princes, even in those rights se sulting both the governments which had cured by the laws to simple citizens, what' been established in this period, and the people who had consecrated them by its the citizens, oppressed, degraded, humisuffrages, and the army which had de- liated by nobles, would have been compel. fended them, and even the Sovereigns who led to declare against their oppressors; the had recognized them in their numerous war which Protestants, Jews, men of vatreaties. A charter digested by the Serious religions, would have been compelled nate, all imperfect as it was, was thrown to sustain against their persecutors. He into oblivion. There was imposed on came to deliver France, and was received France a pretended constitutional law, as as a deliverer. He arrived almost alone; easy to elude as to revoke, and in the form he traversed 220 leagues without opposiof simple royal decrecs, without consult- tion, without combats, and resumed with. ing the nation, without hearing even those out resistance, amidst the capital and the bodies, become illegal-phantoms of the acclamations of an immense majority of national representation. And as the Bour- the citizens, the throne deserted by the bons passed ordinances without right, and Bourbons, who, in the army, in their promised without guarantee, they eluded household, among the national guards, without good faith, and executed without were unable to arm an individual to atfidelity. The violation of the pretended tempt to maintain them there. And yet, Charter was restrained only by the timi- replaced at the head of the nation, which dity of their government; tlic extent of the had already chosen him thrice, which has abuses of power was only confined by its just designated him a fourth time by the weakness. The dislocation of the army, reception it gave him in his rapid and trie the dispersion of its officers, the exile of umphant march and arrival,--of that na. many of them, the degradation of the sol. tion by which and for the interest of which diers, the suppression of their endow- he means to reign, what is the wish of Naments, their deprivation of pay and half-poleon? That which the French people pay, the reduction of the salaries of le- wish—the independence of France, inter. gionaries, their being stripped of their ho- nal peace, peace with all nations, the exenours, the pre-eminence of the decorations cution of the treaty of Paris of the 30th of the feudal monarchy, the contempt of of May, 1814. What is there then changcitizens, designated anew by the Third ed in the state of Europe and in the hope Estate, the prepared and already com- of repose it had promised itself? What menced spoliation of the purchasers of na- voice is raised to demand that succour tional property, the actual depreciation of which, according to the declaration, should that which they were obliged to sell, the be only given when claimed? There has return of feudality in its titles, its privi- been nothing changed, -should the Allied leges, its lucrative rights, the re-establish- Powers return, as we are bound to expect ment of ultramontane principles, the abo- they will, to just and moderate sentiments, lition of the liberties of the Gallican if they admit that the existence of France church, the annihilation of the Concordat, in a respectable and independent situation, the restoration of tithes, the intolerance as far removod from conquering as from arising from an exclusive religion, the do- being conquered, from dominating as from mination of a handful of nobles over a peo- being enslaved, is necessary to the balance ple accustomed to equality,--such was of great kingdoms, and to the security of what the Bourbons either did or wished to small states. There has been nothing do for France. It was under such cir- changed,- if respecting the rights of a cumstances that the Emperor Napoleon great nation which wishes to respect the quitted the isle of Elba; such were the rights of all others, which, proud and gemotives of the determination which he nerous, has been lowered, but never de. took, and not the consideration of his per- based, it be left to resume a monarch, and sonal interests, so weak with him, com- to give itself a constitution and laws suited pared with the interests of the nation to to its manners, its interests, its habits, and which he has consecrated his existence. its new wants. There is nothing changed, He did not bring war into the bosom of -if not attempting to compel France to France; on the contrary, he extinguished resume a dynasty which it no longer the war which the proprietors of national wishes, feudal chains which it has broken, property, forming four-fifths of French and to submit to seignorial and ecclesiaslandholders, would have been compelled tical claims from which it has been li. to make on their spoilers; the war which berated, it is not wished to impose upon

a