Adonis autumnalis."-Pheasant's eye, very common and widely distributed in Palestine, Aceldama, Nicopolis, Yalo; also in Syria, Baalbek, and Kankab. The orange variety known as dentata is far scarcer than autumnalis at Kankab in Syria, and at Fountain of Elisha, plain of Jericho. P. 269. "Glaucium luteum."-By river Meles, near Smyrna, and at Sumium, Attica. “Fumaria parviflora."—The Lumaria `micrantha, probably; the same plant grows luxuriantly in the cactus hedges of the orange groves of Jaffa. P. 270. "Reseda lutea.”-I find "reseda alba" recorded in my list as occurring generally in island of Malta, and on St. John's Church, Ephesus. P. 270. "Linum pubescens."-Between Jaffa and Latroon. "Geranium tuberosum."-Protestant Cemetery, Damascus ; also at Abana and Pharpar. Spartium junceum.”—Corfu. P. 272. “Trifolium purpureum.”—Between Yâsur and Jaffa. "Lotus gebelia.”—Jaffa and road to Beyrout. A great many species of Trifolium are recorded on p. 20. These probably include two species which occur in my list under other names, viz., T. tomentosum, Jaffa, and T. clypeatum, between Latroon and Jerusalem. P. 20 and p. 21 also contain a great many species of Astragalus. The name Aleppicus is not mentioned here. I find Astragalus aleppicus recorded from plain of Litany. P. 273. "Onobrychis cadmea."-On hillside above Baalbek. "Vicia sericoarpa."-Between Jaffa and Jerusalem. "Vicia cracca."-Jaffa ; road to Beyrout. "Lattryrus amana."-Between Jaffa and Latroon. "Cercis siliquastrum."-Judas tree. Alexandretta, towards Issus; near Stadium, Ephesus. P. 274. "Punica granatum."-Pomegranate. Jaffa, Calvary, Tripoli, Bay of Eleusis, &c. P. 275. "Astedia squamata."-Tomb of Maccabees, Nicopolis, Yâlo. 1 1 P. 276. "Asperula arvensis."-Plain of Litany. P. 278. “Scorzonera papposa."-I found the Scorzonera fairly plentiful on the commencement of the ascent from Jericho. Campanula Trachelium.”—I found a Campanula very nearly allied to C. Trachelium at three places in Asia Minor-Mount Sipylus, Mount Pagus, and Ephesus. "Styrax officinale."-Mount Prion, Ephesus. "Jasminum fruticans."-Philadelphia, Ephesus, and Mount Sipylus. I have got their species named "fruticosum." "Anchusa Italica."-Jaffa and road to Beyrout. “Alkanna megalocarpa.”—Alkanna orientalis from ruins of Baalbek. P. 279. “Echium Italicum."—I have a species of Echium from Mount Pagus. “Onosma frutescens.”—--Nahr el Kelb. Hyoscyamus aureus."-Bethany, Jaffa, &c. P. 280. "Salvia Horminum.”—Between Latroon and Jaffa. P. 281. “Phlomis viscosa.”—Nahr el Kelb. P. 282. Quercus Пlex.”—Alexandretta, towards Issus. P. 283. "Orchis Anatolica."-Deceleia. "Iris Sisyrhinchium."-Between Jaffa and Jerusalem, generally distributed. "Tulipa Oculus Solis."-Shtora. "Muscari comosum."-Beyrout. “Muscari racemosum.”—Hobah and Baalbek. Ornithogalum umbellatum."-Hobah and Shtora. P. 285. Raphanus sativus."—I found a species of Raphanus at Munychia. P. 286. "Vinca Libanotica."-Vinea herbacea, Plain of Litany. P. 291. "Cistus salviæfolius."-Sweet Waters, and between Jerusalem and Jaffa. "Pisum formosum."-Deceleia. P. 292. "Asparagus Palestinus."-" Asparagus Lownei."-Asparagus. of Jordan. P. 293. "Populus Euphratica."-Banks of Jordan.. "Cleome trinervia."-Shore of Dead Sea. P. 295. "Lamium Aleppicum."-Lamium maculatum. Kolomeli. P. 297. "Papaver somniferum."-Opium poppy. Philadelphia and Sardis. "Cactus Ficus-Indica."-Jaffa, Jerusalem. “Pride of India."-Beyrout. Melia arederach. Banks 1 APPENDIX A. ON FLINT ARROW HEADS OF DELICATE STRUCTURE. BY THE RIGHT HON. SIR C. MURRAY, K.C.B. Ar one of the Institute's meetings* Mr. E. Charlesworth, F.G.S., expressed much curiosity to understand how some flint arrow heads of very light and delicate form "could have been used in war or in the chase without being broken." I will offer a few remarks which may throw some light upon this:-In the year 1835-fifty years ago-I spent the summer in the great Prairies of the Far West with the Pârir tribe of N. American Indians, hunting the Bison (usually miscalled the Buffalo) in the region lying between the Upper Missouri and the head waters of the Arkansas,-a region then a thousand miles west of any white man's settlement. Living constantly with them, I had, of course, abundant opportunities for observing not only all their domestic habits, but also all their preparations for war and the chase. Leaving other matters, probably more interesting, aside, I will proceed at once to the special subject of the present observations, namely, their arrow-heads. These were mostly, if not all, made of iron, (though some tribes still make them of flint,) those intended for the chase are of an elongated oval shape without a barb, like those of Figures 1 and 10 in the Journal diagrams, and they are firmly tied on to the arrow by threads made from bison-sinew. Those intended for war are equally fine and sharp, but they have a barb at the base and are very slightly tied on with thread of the same sinew, so that when it strikes an enemy and an attempt is made to draw it out, the arrow-head remains embedded in the body, and makes a * Vol. xvii., page 263. |