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remarks which really tended to harmonise Revelation and Science, and it concludes with a special reference to Professor Hughes' Paper (written for the Institute on his return to England, from a further examination of some recently reported evidences of the Antiquity of Man in Europe), and to the blow it has given to certain theories. It may be added that previous to publishing this Paper, proofs have been sent to upwards of a hundred of the most eminent English and Foreign Geologists, and when it is included in the Journal it will appear with several communications from scientific men, amongst others one from the Duke of Argyll, who much regrets that he cannot read a Paper this year upon a subject he himself suggests; his remarks, however, have induced Professor Hughes to prepare a second Paper.

Among the Papers already promised for the coming Session are four by Scientific Men of the highest standing.

This year the Society has also brought its objects under the notice of the Editors of the whole of the Newspaper Press of the United Kingdom, and to a great extent those of the Press in the Colonies and America.

The existing financial depression affects the Institute, and much depends upon the present Members and Associates; their co-operation in introducing friends as new Members or Associates is very desirable, for as the extent of the Institute increases, so will the value of its work and its power to accomplish its objects augment.-A large correspondence shows that those objects have a high importance for others outside the comparatively limited circle of the Institute's Members, and especially

among those all over the world* for whom the "People's Edition" is designed.

Preparatory to the next Session, tenders have again been invited for the printing. The last time this was done it failed to reduce the expenses; but this time it has been different, all the tenders being lower, including that sent in by the Institute's printers.

I am, your obedient Servant,

F. PETRIE, Hon. Sec.

* English, American, and Colonial correspondents assign as a reason for this, that they find in the papers of the Institute a careful examination of those questions of Philosophy and Science which are said to militate against the truth of Revelation, and which questions are used against it by its active and unscrupulous enemies, who avail themselves of the press and platform to attain their ends; the literature mentioned in section 2 is referred to by many correspondents.

JOURNAL OF

THE TRANSACTIONS

OF

THE VICTORIA INSTITUTE,

OR

Philosophical Society of Great Britain.

EDITED BY THE HONORARY SECRETARY,
CAPTAIN F. W. H. PETRIE, F.R.S.L., F.G.S., &c.

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D. BOGUE, ST. MARTIN'S PLACE, TRAFALGAR SQUARE.

EDINBURGH, MACLAREN & MACNIVEN. DUBLIN, W. RIDINGS.

PARIS, GALIGNANI & CO.

NEW YORK, ANSON, D. F. RANDOLPH & CO.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

CONTENTS.—NO. LI.

JOURNAL OF TRANSACTIONS.

ORDINARY MEETING, FEBRUARY 3RD, 1879

THE CAVES OF SOUTH DEVON AND THEIR TEACHINGS. By J. E.

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163

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203

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THE CONTEMPORANEITY OF MAN WITH THE EXTINCT MAMMALIA,
AS TAUGHT BY RECENT CAVERN EXPLORATION, AND ITS BEAR-
ING UPON THE QUESTION OF MAN'S ANTIQUITY. BY THOMAS
KARR CALLARd, F.G.S.

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DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE

ORDINARY MEETING, APRIL 21ST, 1879

THE RELIGION OF ZOROASTER CONSIDERED IN CONNECTION WITH

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ARCHAIC MONOTHEISM. BY R. BROWN, Esq., F.S.A. ...

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ORDINARY MEETING, FEBRUARY 3, 1879.

ADMIRAL E. G. FISHBOURNE, C.B., R.N., IN THE CHAIR.

The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed, and the following elections were announced :

ASSOCIATES:-Rev. J. Cohen, M.A., Heston; Rev. H. W. Webb Peploe, B.A., London.

Also the presentation of the following Publications for the Library :— "Proceedings of the Royal Society."

From the same.

"Proceedings of the Royal United Service Institution."

Ditto.

“The Defence of Virginia." By Professor Daubeny.

Ditto.

"Life of General (Stonewall) Jackson." By the same. "Church History."

Ditto.

Ditto.

Ditto.

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"Sensualistic Philosophy of the XIX. Century." Ditto.

Ditto.

The following paper was then read by the Author :

THE CAVES OF SOUTH DEVON AND THEIR TEACHINGS. By JOHN ELIOT HOWARD, F.R.S.

TH

PART I.

but

HE pleasant shores of South Devon may almost be said to have given rise to a new line of scientific research-that of "the Antiquity of Man," specially "in the West of England." As the Cambrian and Silurian regions furnished our great geologists not only with materials for investigation with appropriate designations under which to classify the strata of earth's surface, so the discoveries at Brixham led to the belief" that the advent of Man in Devonshire was not only prior to the extinction of the cave-mammals, but occurred at a time so remote that the valleys of the district were

VOL. XIII.

*The Ancient Cave Men of Devonshire, p. 6.

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