Life on the Earth: Its Origin and SuccessionMacmillan and Company, 1860 - Всего страниц: 224 |
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Стр. 14
... similar limitations by climate . In like manner , reef - making Corals in the sea , and the large molluscous families of Cones , Cowries , and Volutes , might be mentioned as characterizing the warmer waters ; but a more curious and ...
... similar limitations by climate . In like manner , reef - making Corals in the sea , and the large molluscous families of Cones , Cowries , and Volutes , might be mentioned as characterizing the warmer waters ; but a more curious and ...
Стр. 34
... similar result is obtained by the very different contrivance of the webbed feet of the Swan and the Otter - and that remarkable organ for back- ward swimming or rather leaping in the water , the bending tail of the Lobster and Crawfish ...
... similar result is obtained by the very different contrivance of the webbed feet of the Swan and the Otter - and that remarkable organ for back- ward swimming or rather leaping in the water , the bending tail of the Lobster and Crawfish ...
Стр. 36
... similar manner destroy the substance of ships , and Limnoria terebrans , a Crustacean , eats its way into the wooden piles of harbours . So in early geological times , per- forating Modiolæ and Pholades are traced by their work into the ...
... similar manner destroy the substance of ships , and Limnoria terebrans , a Crustacean , eats its way into the wooden piles of harbours . So in early geological times , per- forating Modiolæ and Pholades are traced by their work into the ...
Стр. 43
... similar mechanical func- tions are performed by means of organizations which depend on the type , and have only analogical resem- blances in the different types . In each great type the variations of the several organs may be such that ...
... similar mechanical func- tions are performed by means of organizations which depend on the type , and have only analogical resem- blances in the different types . In each great type the variations of the several organs may be such that ...
Стр. 64
... similar phases . The most remark- able and prevalent of these surfaces or zones of least life are those two which separate the Palæozoic from the Mesozoic , and these from the Cenozoic Series . The Palæozoic Series dies out through the ...
... similar phases . The most remark- able and prevalent of these surfaces or zones of least life are those two which separate the Palæozoic from the Mesozoic , and these from the Cenozoic Series . The Palæozoic Series dies out through the ...
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abundance affinity ages Ammonites Amorphozoa ancient Annelida antiquity appear atmosphere beds Brachiopoda British Carbon Carboniferous Cenozoic Cenozoic Strata Cephalopoda Cetacea Chalk character classes climate Coal creation Cretaceous Crocodilia Crustacea deposits Devonian Dimyaria distribution earlier earliest earth Echinodermata effect Eocene epoch equal examples existing favourable Fishes forms fossil freshwater Gasteropoda genera genus geological geological periods globe Goniatites groups heat hypothesis idea Insects Invertebrata land Lias limestone limited Lingula living Llandeilo Lower Palæozoic Mammalia marine mean temperature Mesozoic Mesozoic Period modern Oceans Mollusca Monomyaria naturalists nature number of species occur Oolitic organic origin Palæontology Paleozoic Strata perhaps Permian phenomena plants and animals Pleiocene Polyzoa prevalent races radiation recent regard remarkable represented Reptiles rivers rocks sediments shale shells shew Silurian Stonesfield structure succession suppose surface Teleosaurus Tertiary Strata thickness tion traced Uniformitarian Upper variations variety vegetable Vertebrata whole zone Zoophyta دو
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Стр. 194 - As all the living forms of life are the lineal descendants of those which lived long before the Cambrian epoch, we may feel certain that the ordinary succession by generation has never once been broken, and that no cataclysm has desolated the whole world.
Стр. 195 - There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being evolved.
Стр. 194 - Therefore I should infer from analogy that probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth, have descended from some one primordial form, into which life was first breathed.
Стр. 193 - I formerly entertained, namely, that each species has been independently created, is erroneous. I am fully convinced that species are not immutable; but that those belonging to what are called the same genera are lineal descendants of some other and generally extinct species, in the same manner as the acknowledged varieties of any one species are the descendants of that species. Furthermore, I am convinced that Natural Selection has been the main, but not exclusive, means of modification.
Стр. 193 - I cannot doubt that the theory of descent with modification embraces all the members of the same great class or kingdom. I believe that animals are descended from at most only four or five progenitors, and plants from an equal or lesser number.
Стр. 195 - It is interesting to contemplate an entangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing on the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth...
Стр. 194 - Nevertheless all living things have much in common, in their chemical composition, their cellular structure, their laws of growth, and their liability to injurious influences.
Стр. 178 - The intermixture of distinct species is guarded against by the aversion of the individuals composing them to sexual union, or by the sterility of the mule offspring. It does not appear that true hybrid races have ever been perpetuated for several generations, even by the assistance of man; for the cases usually cited relate to the crossing of mules with individuals of pure species, and not to the intermixture of hybrid with hybrid.
Стр. 195 - Thus, from the war of nature, from famine and death, the most exalted object which we are capable of conceiving, namely the production of the higher animals, directly follows. There is grandeur in this view of life...
Стр. 192 - I can entertain no doubt, after the most deliberate study and dispassionate judgment of which I am capable, that the view which most naturalists until recently entertained, and which I formerly entertained, namely, that each species has been independently created, is erroneous. I am fully convinced that species are not immutable...