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The author's own style suggests Macaulay's brilliancy and point, and the volume is without a trace of scholastic dryness, while at the same time it is a scholarly, as it is in the best sense a popular, consideration of a subject hitherto neglected in English and calling loudly for treatment. In press CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, NEW YORK The American Historical Review THE UNIVERSITY OF PARIS IN THE SERMONS OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY I N the intellectual life of the middle ages the University of Paris occupies a place of preeminent importance. "The Italians have the Papacy, the Germans have the Empire, and the French have Learning ", ran the old saying; and the chosen abode of Learning was Paris. The University of Paris was generally recognized as the "parent of the sciences" and the first school of the church', and its supremacy was manifest not only in its position as the center of scholasticism and the bulwark of orthodoxy, but also in the large number and wide distribution of its students, in its influence upon the establishment and the constitutions of other universities, and in its large share in the political and ecclesiastical movements of the later middle ages. So prominent were the constitutional and theological aspects of the university and so violent the controversies which raged about it, that, amid the confusion of chancellors and faculties and nations and the conflicts over the new Aristotle and the "Eternal Gospel", there is some danger of losing sight of the more human. erature. 1 Glorifications of Paris as the great center of learning are common in medieval lit See for examples the bull Parens Scientiarum of Gregory IX. (Chartularium Universitatis Parisiensis, I. 136) and the anonymous sermon printed by Hauréau (Notices et Extraits de Quelques Manuscrits Latins de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, 1890-1893, II. 105), where Paris is called the mill where the world's corn is ground and the oven where its bread is baked. 2 Cf. Rashdall, The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages, I. 518 ff.; Valois, La France et le Grand Schisme; Gross, "The Political Influence of the University of Paris in the Middle Ages", AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW, VI. 440-445. The interesting subject of foreign students at Paris is treated by Budinsky, Die Universität Paris und die Fremden an derselben im Mittelalter (Berlin, 1876), but there is room for a more thorough study on the basis of the materials since published in the Chartularium. The proportion of foreigners among the distinguished doctors of the university was remarkably high. Cf. Hauréau, Quelques MSS., IV. 47–48. |