by others who have found a way of getting cotton from the Eaft Indies, much cheaper than we can raise it in our West India islands, or procure it from the Levant, or from South America; and to prohibit this importation, or to load it with duties in order to raise the price of the Eastern cotton, is the principal ubject of thefe letters. How far this can be done, or ought to be, we will not inquire. In fuch ftruggles of competition, things will perhaps fettle of themfelves for the public advantage, better than by legal interference. M.

Inftructions for cutting out apparel for the poor; principally intended for the afliftance of the patroneffes of Sunday fchools, and other charitable inftitutions, but ufeful in all families: containing patterns, directions, and calculations, whereby the most inexperienced may buy the materials, and value each article of clothing, without the leaft difficulty, and with the greateft exactness: with a preface, containing a plan for affifting the parents of poor children belonging to Sunday fchools to cloath them. Published for the benefit of the Sunday-fchool children at Hertingfordbury, in the county of Hertford; where the above plan has been found to be the beft encouragement to parents to fend their children to the Sunday fchool, and the beft fource of employment for the schools of induftry. 8vo. 4 s. 6 d. boards. Walter, Charing Crofs.

Hampshire, extracted from Domesdaybook: with an accurate English Tranflation; a preface; and an introduction, containing an account of this curious record, a view of the Anglo-Saxon hiftory, and form of government, from the reign of Alfred: together with a flight fketch of the most material alterations which the latter underwent at the period of the Conqueft. To which is added, a gloffary, explanatory of the obfcure and obfolete words. By Richard Warner, junior, of Sway, in the county of Southampton, and of St Mary Hall, Oxford. 4to. 11. boards. Faulder, c.

The felect fpectator: or, A felection of moral and religious papers from the Spectator, alphabetically arranged according to their fubjects; with a copious table of contents prefixed. 12mo. 2 vols. 6 s. boards. Rivingtons.A good mifcellany to put into the hands of youth, to give a proper direction to their fentiments, and to form their tafte in their native language. M.

The turtle-dove. A tale, from the French of M. de Florian. 8vo. I s. Printed at Caen in Normandy; fold in London by Payne.

An excurfion to Brighthelmstone, made in 1789. By Henry Wigftead and Thomas Rowlandfon. Dedicated, by permiffion, to the Prince of Wales. Embellished with eight VOL. LIII. January 1791.

engravings in aqua tinta, from views taken on the road to and at that place. folio. IL I s. boards. Robinsons.

Poetry.

The Theatre: a dramatic effay. Including an idea of the character of Jane Shore, as performed by a young lady in a private play, &c. &c. By Samuel Whyte. 8vo. Dublin; Printed for Jones, in Graftonftreet.

Reliques of Irish poetry; confifting of heroic poems, odes, elegies, and fongs, tranflated into English verfe with notes explanatory and historical; and the originals in the Irish character. To which is fubjoined an Irish tale. By Mifs Brooke. 4to. 16 s. boards. Printed in Dublin; and fold in London by Robinfons.The fair tranflator of these poems, who, if we mistake not, is the daughter of a man of genius, and an advocate for liberty, feems not only to inherit her father's talents for writing, but to glow with his heroic fentiments. M.

The laurel of liberty, a poem. By Robert Merry, A. M. Member of the Royal Academy of Florence. 4to. 3 s. 6 d. Bell.

Letters from Simkin the Second to his dear brother in Wales, for the year 1790; giving a full and circumftantial account of all the moft material points both in the speeches of the Hon. Managers, and in the written and oral evidence brought before the high court of juftice in Weftminster Hall, during the trial of Warren Haftings, Efq; in the three laft feflions of the laft Parliament. 8vo. 3 s. boards. Stockdale.

at

Modern moderation ftated and defended, a practical effay or fermon, part of which was delivered before the Right Reverend and Profoundly Literate Doctors of their annual meeting at, for preventing the progrefs of errors and the spreading of conflagrations. By Jafper Misodemos, R. R. D. D. Graduate probationer for a richer benefice. Price 6d. Peatie, Leith.

Two letters to the public, illuftrating the doctrine of the Grace of God, and exemplifying it in the late cafe of William Mills. By Henry David Inglis, one of the paftors of the Baptist Church of Edinburgh. The 2d edition. M. Gray.

The author of Guftavus Vafa, Earl of Effex, Fool of Quality, c. J. Ob

D

Obfervations on the Advantages which the Public may expect to derive by means of an Affociation for the Improvement of Britif Wool. [See vol. 52. p. 565.] ·

"Poffunt, quia poffe videntur."

Ttion and circumstances of any country HERE are no means by which the fitua

can be so easily and fo rapidly improved, as by the union of a number of individuals for the attainment of particular objects. If government engages in any fcheme of national improvement, the money allotted for the purpose is in general improvidently expended; the experiments neceffary to be made are either carelessly tri d, or wholly omitted; and, when the affittance of the public is withdrawn, the scheme perishes at once. Single individuals are equally incapable of carrying fuch plans into effect. There are few who can afford the expence which they require, and still fewer who have knowledge, judgement, perfeverance, and health, fufficient to bring them to perfection. Whereas a body of men, united for any particular object, can raife fuch fums of money as may be neceffary for the purpofe, without any injury to their private fortunes; can mutually affift each other in procuring all the lights and information that is requifite for attaining the object in view; can profecute the fcheme without encroaching on the time which they ought to dedicate to their own perfonal concerns; can perfevere in any fyftem, which it is proper to purfue, for a much longer space of time than any individual has any reason to expect it would be in his power to follow it; can procure the affiftance of other refpectable bodies of men to aid them in their undertaking; and can apply, if neceffary, with a rational profpect of fuccefs, for the fupport of the public, and the protection of their fovereign. Thefe are advantages which affociations poffefs for the acquifition of various objects of great public importance; but, above all, they are well calculated for bringing to perfection a production natural to this country, for which, in former times, it was defervedly famous, but which, from various circumitances, unneceffary now to dwell on, has unfortunately degenerated. To clear up the doubts refpecting that degeneracy, which fome intelligent and patriotic individuals may entertain, and to trace the nature and caufes of it, would be of itself an important object of enquiry.

The wool of Great Britain, it must at the fame time be acknowledged, is at prefent of very great value and importance: even the coarfest answers the purpose of fome manufactures; and the deficiency in quality, it is faid, is in fome measure made up by the ad

ditional quantity which particular breeds produce. But as fine wool is of effential confequence to the manufactures of this country, why should we not endeavour to raise what we require within our own territories? why fhould we fuffer our fupply of it to depend upon the caprice of a foreign power, who might refolve to injure himself much in order to injure us more; and who, therefore, might be tempted to prohibit the exportation of it entirely, or to load with exorbitant duties an article, without which a number of our most induftrious fubjects would at once be deprived of their usual means of employment and fubfiftence?

There are, at the fame time, feveral breeds of sheep in this country which are diftinguished by the excellence of their fleece, and which ought to be preferved, improved, and multiplied as much as poffible. The Shetland breed need hardly be mentioned, having been of late fo much the subject of converfation. It is probable that they produce, on the whole, the completeft article of the cloathing kind to be found in the universe. The Ryeland, or Herefordshire breed, yields a fhort carding wool, of a texture and quality approaching to that of Spain; but it appears, from the publications of the judicious and intelligent Mr Marshall, that they are likely to be loft, unlefs fome means are thought of for their prefervation. The perfe&ion attained by the Tees-water, the Lincolnshire, and Leicestershire breeds, so famous for their length of staple, ought to be kept up as much as poffible. There are alfo in Wales, and in different parts of England and Scotland, some remnants of fine-woolled heep, which, under the patronage of a refpectable fociety, may not only be preferved from the annihilation with which they are threatened, in confequence of the general inattention to the rearing of fine wool, but may also be brought, by proper measures, to still greater perfec

tion.

Amongst the other experiments which fuch an affociation might try, there is none more likely to be of fervice than their importing into this ifland the best breeds of foreign countries, for the purpose of afcertaining the poffibility of their thriving in this kingdom, or meliorating our breed. If the parched deferts of Arabia are to be ranfacked, in order to improve our race of horfes, why may not our breed of sheep be brought to still greater perfection by fimilar means? There are alfo many animals in different parts of the world, producing various kinds of fine wool or fur, which, in confequence of the extended commerce and navigation of Great Britain, might be procured with little difficulty; many of which, it is probable, would thrive here, and would furnish materials of the utmost confequence

confequence to our most valuable manufac

tures.

Other advantages might also be derived from fuch an affociation. Through the medium of the friends and connections of the members (who would naturally become interefted in the fuccefs of the measure), and from the publicity and notoriety of their proceed. ings, a general knowledge on the fubject of wool, and a spirit of enterprise and exertion, would be circulated over the whole kingdom. By means of the useful books published by the fociety, the mode of managing fheep to the utmost advantage, and the best practices, both foreign and domeftic, would foon become generally known. Under the patronage of fuch a fociety, fkilful individuals might be eftablished in different parts of the kingdom, by whofe directions the wool we have might be greatly improved in value, merely by forting the fleece according to the various qualities of which it is poffeffed. There are mary intelligent and enterprising farmers, who, were they appointed correfponding members of fuch a fociety, might eafily be prevailed upon to try many useful experiments, and to make the refult of them public; by means of which it might be proved, that finenefs of wool was by no means incompatible with the other excellencies by which particular breeds of sheep are diftinguished. The premiums diftributed by the fociety would have the happy effect of roufing a spirit of emulation and rivalfhip amongst thofe who might be benefited by them. Nor ought it to be omitted, that, when once the benefits of industry and exertion are clearly exemplified by the fuccefs of any number of individuals in any one particular line, it has a very important influence on the views and on the conduct of the rest of the community.

On the whole, this is, an enterprise which cannot in any refpect be prejudicial; which can have no object in view but the public good, and no poffible confequence but the public benefit; and which, if it is properly fapported by patriotic individuals, muft prove the fource of fuccessful industry, and of infinite wealth, to ourselves, and to our pofterity.

turally concluded, that one animal might live with the blood of another of a different kind, provided the blood could, without danger, be introduced into his fyftem. This obfervation led him to give the history of several incomplete experiments in transfufion, which were made about the middle of last century, by Dr Lower, of Oxford, and others, which were fuddenly put a stop to by the superstitious prejudices of the multitude. The Profeffor concluded the lecture with a relation of the improvements which he himself had made in transfufion, and a number of curious experiments which he had performed with fuccefs upon a great variety of animals, the moft oppofite to each other with respect to food and manner of life that could be pro. cured. From all which he inferred, that in cafes where death muft otherwise be the inevitable confequence of a fudden effufion of blood; that in fuch cafes transfufion ought at leaft to be attempted on the human subject, when the blood of a calf, a fheep, a deer, or any of the more perfect animals, might ferve to replenish the exhaufted fyftem, and prevent that diffolution which muft otherwife have been the confequence of the hæmorrhage.

In order to enforce the probability of this doctrine, a fheep and a pointer dog were brought into the lecture-room, and after the blood of the dog was fo far evacuated as to leave him without motion, except fome convulfive twitches which were evidently fuch as immediately precede death, at this inftant the tube, which had already been prepared and inferted into the jugular of the theep, was introduced with the blood flowing through into the jugular vein of the dog, pointing towards the heart. In a very few feconds the dog gave unequivocal fymptoms of recovery, and the fheep was fuffered to perform this new circulation for the space of a few minutes, till the fheep was evidently faint from the lofs of blood.. The operation was now concluded, and the vein in the dog's neck fecured. Immediately afterwards he followed a fervant home, eat heartily the fame day, and has continued in the pofferfion of Dr Harwood without change either in manners or conftitution to the prefent time.

The objection ftarted by many anatomists to this experiment, on account of the difficulty of excluding the atmofpheric air, which, if admitted, might prove fatal, is entirely obviated by fuffering the blood to flow in a full ftream through the tube from the bleeding animal, before it is inferted into the vein of the recipient animal.

Warm Fancy, kindling with delight,

Anticipates the lapfe of age,
And, as the throws her cagle's fight

O'er Time's yet undifcover'd page,
Vaft continents, now dark with fhade,
She fees in verdure's robe array'd,
Sees o'er each ifland's fertile teep,
That frequent fluds the fouthern deep,
His fleecy charge the fhepherd lead,
The harvest wave, the vintage bleed:
Sces Commerce fprings of guiltlefs wealth ex-
plore,
neighbouring thore.
Where frowns the Western world on Afia's
V.

But, lo! across the blackening fkies,
What fwarthy Dæmon wings his flight
At once the tranfient landscape flies,
The fplendid vifion fets in night.-

The Revolution toast goes round,
William and Liberty! the glorious found,--
William and Liberty! the Tavern roofs re-
bound.

With ravifh'd ears

The Doctor hears,

Apes Cromwell's nod,
Affumes the rod,

And seems to scourge the Peers.

The praife of brave Fayette the bawling Club then fung,

Fayette the gallant, gay, and young;

With heads on poles the hero comes, Sound out his triumphs, beat the drums! Flufh'd with a purple grace,

He fhews his blood-besprinkled face.

Now give the Fish-wives breath-he comes, he comes!

Fayette the gallant, gay, and young,
Murdering mobs did first convoke;
Fayette's frolicks are a treasure,
Murdering is the Coward's pleasure,
Rich the treasure,

Sweet the pleasure,
Sweet the life-deftroying stroke.

Sooth'd with the song, the Prieft grew vain,
And conn'd his Sermon o'er again,
And thrice three cheers decreed, and thrice
encor'd the ftrain.

A fober gueft faw Faction rife
And madden in his fiery eyes;
And whilft he Church and King defied,
Chang'd the theme and check'd his pride:
He drew a scene of civil rage,
Defcrib'd in Burke's emphatic page.
He painted Lewis meek and mild,
By too fevere a fate,
Fall'n, fall'n, fall'n, fall'n,
Fall'n from his high estate,
Defpoil'd, dethron'd, revil'd.

A Captive King, in triumph led,
By Slaves his former bounty fed;

On the bare earth at Faction's Altar kneels,
And with an oath his own deftruction feals.
With downcaft eyes the joyless Doctor fate,
Revolving in his gloomy foul

The fudden turns and quirks of Fate;
And now and then a figh broke loose,
To think how foon fome necks might fit a
Hangman's noofe

The Toaft mafter now fmil'd to fee,
That Love was in the next degree;
'Twas but a hint the glass to move,
For wine infpires the heart with love.
Soon he gave, in copious measure,
Days of cafe and Nights of pleasure!
Politics are toil and trouble,
Preaching but a hubble-bubble;
Never ending, ftill beginning,
Saying ftill, and still unfaying;
If the text be worth thy spinning,
Think, O think it worth obeying.

And gaz'd and gulpt―gaz'd and gulpt,
Gaz'd and gulpt, and gulpt it down.
At length, with fleep and wine at once op-
prefs'd,

Fell backward in his chair and funk to reft.
Now charge again your glaffes full,
A flouter yet, and yet a stouter pull;
Break his bands of fleep afunder,

And rattle in his ears with lungs of thunder.
Hark, hark! the horrid din
Has rais'd up his chin,

As awak'd from a stound,

Amaz'd he gapes and ftares around.

Bafile, Bafile! the Club in chorus cries;
See all PARIS arife;

See the firebrands they rear,
How they hifs in the air,

And the sparkles flash up to the skies!
Behold a ghaftly band

Of prifoners, where they stand; Thefe are wretches that in dungeons were found,

And, in chains of iron bound,
Were bury'd under ground;
Give the vengeance due
To the mournful crew.

Behold how they wave their fetters on high,
How they point to the tyrannous cells,
And difmal caverns, where Oppreffion
dwells.

The Infurgents applaud with a furious joy,
And Fayette feiz'd a pick-axe with zeal to
destroy.

A trooper led the way,
To guide him to his prey,
And, like another Sinon, fack'd another Troy.
Thus fome few years ago,

Ere Frenchmen learn'd to pull down Kings,
While Paris Mobs were harmless things,
G- with head unfound,
Could fpread destruction round,

Strip Mansfield's houfe, and level Newgate to the ground.

When Burke at length, fublime reformer, came,

Supporter of his country's fame;

The fweet Philanthropift from Wisdom's store,
Enlarg'd our reafon's narrow bounds,
And added fenfe to folemn founds,
With Nature's mother wit, and powers un.
known before.

Let elder Brutus yield the prize,
Or both divide the Crown:

Brutus bade Liberty arise,
BURKE argued Faction down.