205 students.

Of these 88 were Freshmen who had been at the University for only half a year.

The College of Commerce this year has 347 students as compared with 158 ten years ago or eight times as many as it had fifteen years ago.

DEAN RIEBER LEAVES SUMMER SESSION

After administering most successfully nine succeeding Summer Sessions, Professor Charles H. Rieber has resigned this added task, on account of his health, to continue his work as Professor of Logic (on the Mills Foundation).

There were but 522 students in the Summer Session of which he was Dean in 1907, as compared with 5364 in the Summer Session for 1915. The faculty for the Summer Session of 1907 numbered 60; for 1915 it numbered 250. In 1907 thirty departments offered seventy-eight courses in the Summer Session, while in the Summer Session of 1915 thirty-three departments offered 435 courses. Under Professor Pieber's leadership the Summer Session has come to enroll practically as many students as are gathered for the fall or spring terms. The testimony of members of its faculty is wellnigh unanimous that the seriousness of purpose and the quality of work of the Summer students are in no way inferior to those of students in the fall or spring sessions.

The Summer Session has shown a hospitable attitude toward new ideas in educational method, new subjects of study, and new community needs, such as preparation for vocational training, for vocational guidance, for playground and public recreation work, for education of the subnormal, for sex hygiene, for preventive medicine, for the outdoor school, for training in the fine and applied arts. Its faculty list has been adorned with the names of many visitors of great distinction. It has been of immense stimulating value to the University in the flow of fresh sap which it has sent throughout the branches of the University. The Summer Session has proved an institution of inestimable value to the State-not to California alone, for of last summer's students forty per cent were from outside the State. Only two states of the union were unrepresented and there were students from seventeen foreign countries.

As the Dean of the Summer Session, has been appointed Walter Morris Hart, Associate Professor of English Philology.

BRANCH SUMMER SESSION REQUESTED

A request for the establishment of a branch Summer Session in Southern California was presented to the Regents on February 8. On careful investigation of the situation, however, the members

of the faculty delegated to examine into the plan decided against it, believing it would be far more useful for those who wish summer instruction to come to Berkeley, where the full resources of laboratories, libraries, museums, and university atmosphere are available, than to attend a branch Summer Session elsewhere; that the coolness of a Berkeley summer is particularly conducive to successful work; and deciding factor-that there seemed no real desire on the part of the teachers to attend a branch Summer Session in Southern California as a substitute for going to Berkeley. In short, it was concluded that the request presented to the Regents did not represent a wide community conviction and desire.

SUMMER ASSEMBLY AT SCRIPPS INSTITUTION

There will, however, be an outpost of the Summer Session in Southern California this year, for a "Summer Assembly in Science" will for the first time be held at the Scripps Institution for Biological Research, at La Jolla, near San Diego, from June 25 to August 5, 1916.

"Endowed research in pure science is absolutely essential to continued progress in civilization," declares Director William E. Ritter in his announcement of this assembly. "In a democratic country like ours there must be provision for investigation and also definite measures to disseminate the fruits of investigation as widely as possible among the people."

Hence the plan of a Summer Assembly in Science, through which it is hoped to disseminate among teachers of biology and physical geography and others interested in modern science the discoveries and new points of view which are resulting from the investigations of the Scripps Institution. There will be lectures, conferences, and demonstrations by members of the staff, on the following subjects (each once each week):

"The Relation of Biology to the Sciences of Man," Professor William E. Ritter, Fridays; "Heredity, Environment, and Adaptation," F. V. Sumner, Thursdays; "Some of the Messages of Marine Biology to Student and Teacher," E. L. Michael, Wednesdays; "Physical Oceanography, Including Some of its Relations to Meterology," G. F. McEwen, Tuesdays. "Local Coastal Physical Geography," will be a course to be conducted Monday, Wednesday, and Friday mornings, at 10 o'clock, by W. C. Crandall, who as master of the "Alexander Agassiz," the Institution's sea-going collecting vessel, has wide familiarity with the California coast. The rest of the mornings of every day except Saturday will be devoted to lectures, laboratory, museum, and field work for small

groups of students, on the characteristic animal and plant life of the ocean waters along the shore of Southern California, conducted by W. C. Crandall and P. S. Barnhart.

Through the generosity of Miss Ellen B. Scripps and Mr. E. W. Scripps, the Scripps Institution now possesses not only an income but also on its half-mile of ocean frontage, a commodious laboratory building, containing twelve private laboratories for investigators, a large aquarium room, a two-story concrete museum and library building, now in course of construction; and a concrete pier a thousand feet in length, at which the eighty-five-foot collecting vessel, the "Alexander Agassiz,'' can dock and from the end of which, far out beyond the surf zone, pure sea-water is pumped in to supply nineteen tanks in the public aquarium and also the scientific laboratories. The Institution possesses an excellent biological library of over 5000 bound volumes and 8000 pamphlets and the principal scientific journals in its field, and a museum is being assembled rich in its representation of the marine fauna of the California coast.

NEW DEGREE: GRADUATE IN EDUCATION

That a new professional degree of "Graduate in Education" be established has been recommended to the Regents by the Academic Senate, this degree to be conferred upon the successful completion of not less than four years of successful professional experience, two full years of graduate study, one of these at the University of California, and a minimum of 36 units of upper division and graduate work, distributed as follows:

(a) A minimum of twelve units of courses in Education based on a 'group elective' in Education, or its equivalent, and including at least four units of seminar work during the second year, this twelve units, together with professional experience and a professional thesis, to constitute the candidate's "major."

(b) A minimum of twelve units of advanced work in a minor. (c) A professional thesis and an examination, both under the direction of the School of Education and both subject to the rules of the Committee on Higher Degrees.

SPORTS FOR EVERYBODY

Desire to develop manly vigor, agility, courage, and the joy of struggle and contest in athletic sports--appeal to these motives is making exceedingly successful the work of the Department of Physical Education for Men.

The 1009 men enrolled on February 29 in courses in Physical Education had been told that they could choose for themselves some form of sport to replace the traditional gymnasium work if they could show satisfactory results in a physical test. This test was not based on size of muscle or ability to register a certain number of foot-pounds of energy, but on agility, as shown by skill in running, jumping, and tumbling, strength, ability to swim, and ability to defend oneself and "take punishment'' courageously.

More than half the Freshmen proved able to meet all the tests. Those who lacked agility were given opportunity to develop it in the gymnasium or on the track. Those who showed lack of skill in self-defense were given opportunity to do gymnasium work or to join classes in boxing, wrestling, or fencing.

This is how the 1009 students enrolled February 29, 1916, in the Department of Physical Education were scattered among various activities: Gymnasium classes, 315; special exercises in the gymnasium, 20; track and field sports, 167; baseball, 60; basketball, 71; crew, 50; swimming, 38; elementary boxing, 183; elementary wrestling, 62; fencing, 14; advanced gymnastics, 9; advanced wrestling, 12; special and extra, 8; total 1009.

It was formerly required that Freshmen should devote four hours a week to gymnasium work. Hereafter two hours a week for two years will be required, instead, with the aim of making enjoyable participation in healthful sports a habit for life. The students who substitute some sport for gymnasium classes of the traditional type are held to full accountability for regularity of participation.

AID TO HIGH SCHOOL DEBATERS

Seventy-five high schools are participating in the Interscholastic Public Speaking League of California, organized by the University Extension Division, and forty-eight in the Extemporaneous Speaking League.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEDICAL SCHOOL

Private generosity having provided over $600,000 for the erection of the new 216-bed teaching hospital for the University of California Medical School, the Regents are now earnestly endeavoring to raise funds for the following further purposes of the Medical School:

$100,000 to equip and complete the University Hospital.

$150,000 for a building to house the Departments of Anatomy and Pathology, this building to be erected back of the new University Hospital and near the building occupied by the Hooper Foundation for Medical Research.

$100,000 for an Out-patient Building, to be built in front of the present hospital building and to provide accommodations for the patients, now averaging more than seventy thousand a year, who come to the University clinics.

$100,000 for a nurses' home, where suitable quarters, recreation rooms, dining-rooms, kitchen, etc., may be provided for a hundred nurses and thus the proper development of the nurses' training school be made possible.

Once these most pressing needs are met the problem will then be to find funds for alterations in the present hospital building to meet the needs of the Departments of Physiology and Physiological Chemistry (estimated at $30,000) to equip quarters for the administrative offices, the medical library, etc., and to erect a central heating and power plant on Fourth avenue sufficient to provide for the needs of the whole medical group. Developments which would then be looked forward to would be the erection of a private clinic of at least a hundred beds as a part of the University Hospital, the erection of a psychopathic pavilion, of a pavilion for contagious and infectious diseases, and of a dormitory for the medical students, with provision for a commons and for recreation grounds.

The Medical School and the University Hospital are growing so rapidly that the present accommodations have long since been outgrown. Excellent as is their work, it has been sorely handicapped by the inadequacy of the present buildings and equipment. It is the hope of the University to put the new University Hospital into actual use by January, 1917, and that private generosity will respond to the other great and pressing needs of medical education.

RULES FOR THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Rules for the administration of the University Hospital in San Francisco were adopted by the Regents on February 8, 1916. They provide that the Regents' Committee on University Hospital shall be the governing board. There will be also a Medical Board, advisory in character, consisting of the men who fill the following positions: The chiefs of the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Pediatrics, the Director of the Hooper Foundation for Medical Research, the Professor of Pathology, and the Superintendent of the University Hospital. This