A. Headquarters, Berkeley.

B.-University Farm, Davis.

C.-Graduate School of Tropical Agriculture and Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside.

D.-Southern California Plant Pathological Laboratory, Whittier. E.-Imperial Valley Experiment Farm, El Centro.

F.-Experiment Tracts, Kearney Ranch, Fresno.

At least twice a year all of the members of the institutional staff bearing the title of professor or assistant professor, meet on the campus in Berkeley for the transaction of such business as ordinarily comes before a faculty and to discuss the many questions which must arise in a department of such wide and diverse interests. Among other reasons in order that committees may have an opportunity to meet and report, these meetings always occupy at least two days. Thus on Friday of this week, the staff meets from 5 to 6 P.M. and on Saturday at 2 P.M. it will meet again and presumably will remain in session until its business is completed. However, should there be occasion for another meeting on Monday, out of town members would remain here for that purpose. The next meeting of the staff probably will occur in November. In the interim each one of the three groups, Berkeley, Davis and Riverside, will hold approximately monthly meetings for the transaction of such matters as may be of local necessity or interest.

The University Farm at Davis is a tract of 779 acres in the lower Sacramento valley, where the University conducts four types of activities:

1. Some of the divisions of the department of agriculture conduct their investigations there wholly or in part.

2. Juniors and seniors who are candidates for a degree in the College of Agriculture may go there for one or two semesters.

3. A three-year's course in agriculture is maintained. there for students who may have reached college age but

who do not have college requirements for admission. No person is admitted under eighteen years of age, unless a graduate of a high school of recognized standing. Last year 168 students entered as freshmen in agriculture at the University, while at the University Farm School 170 entered for the first time, 86 of whom were graduates of high schools but not necessarily able to present the requirements for entrance for the four-years' course at Berkeley. The average age of the intrant at the University Farm last year was twenty years and one month. It is, however, not a secondary school and differs from the degree courses in that the course is a three-years' course; that no foreign language is taught; that the instruction in the pure sciences is more elementary in character, or speaking more correctly, not carried as far as at Berkeley, and that as a consequence the technical instruction is modified to meet the need of students less thoroughly grounded in the sciences.

The school attempts to meet one of the phases of what I believe to be of the greatest educational need in America today, namely, the suitable training for the man or woman who has reached college age without being able to present college requirements for admission.

4. A series of six-week courses for farmers, occuring in October and November.

It is the primary aim at Riverside, located in Southern California, to develop a research department of the highest character. The chief problems are those surrounding the practice of irrigation in an arid climate. We are working out these problems perforce through the chief crops of the region, which happen at the moment to be oranges, lemons and walnuts. We are looking forward also to the day when, through our relations with Central and South America, we will be called upon to train men for the tropics. Thus we are preparing to take graduate students who may wish to be among the first to extend commercialized scientific agriculture into a region whose development must mean much to the welfare of humanity.

It has just been stated that the primary aim of the Citrus Experiment Station is research. It must be admitted, however, that the people of Southern California are so hungry for the last word in horticultural practice and the men located at Riverside and Whittier have such a reputation for the knowledge, whether they have it or not, that a great part of their time is taken up with extension work. Most of the orange orchards of Southern California are within two hours' ride of the station and practically every grower owns one or more automobiles. I spare you the obvious joke that I would be supposed to perpetrate at this point. The natural result is that visitors often take up the time practically of the whole staff which in reality should be given to that type of investigation which requires long and continued attention to details.

It is necessary to say a word about the Kearney ranch at Fresno, which no doubt fires the imagination, and rightly so, of our Eastern friends more than any other portion of the University property. Mr. M. Theo. Kearney willed a remarkably well developed ranch of 5400 acres to the University for a suggested purpose with which it has not yet complied. One important reason for the delay in developing this ranch on the lines proposed by the will is that the Regents inherited a $200,000 mortgage along with the estate. The mortgage has now been paid off and the estate continues to be managed by the Comptroller of the University as an income bearing property. The Regents have taken out $30,000 over and above expenses and improvements annually during the past eight years. This is quite obviously six per cent on 500,000 or three per cent on $1,000,000 the price at which I believe it is capitalized on the books of the University. Mr. Kearney probably expended on land and improvements somewhere between one hundred and two hundred thousand dollars. While the Department of Agriculture has no control directly over this property, it rents from the University a forty acre tract upon which the division of agronomy conducts investi

gations, while the divisions of soil technology and viticulture are conducting investigations of an important character in connection with the Kearney ranch management. To avoid possible misunderstanding it should be added quite parenthetically, that all the profits that are derived from this estate or their equivalent are turned over to the Department of Agriculture for its work. Its staff dreams dreams concerning the future of this truly great estate. Briefly, it desires to see this property divided into thirty or more units, each housing and employing fifteen to thirty students, one half of their time being given to actual manual toil while the other half is devoted to study at some central point to which all of the students will assemble from their several units. Perhaps you may say this was tried out fifty years ago and failed completely. The reply is that what we are proposing to do never has been tried anywhere at any time.

The representative of the London Economist called at my office about a year ago. He was searching for manuscripts. I told him that I was trying to think out some way of describing California so that a man who never had seen the State would get the proper mental picture. His reply was, "You cannot describe California so that a man who never has seen it can understand it; and if he has seen it, it is not necessary." So it is with the Kearney Ranch. It would be hopeless to make you understand what we wish to do there if you have not seen the place, and if you had seen it you would be as crazy about it as we are. However, we do not desire to develop a certain type of agricultural education because it is necessarily the best type of agricultural education. In fact we believe there is no best type of education, agricultural or otherwise. We believe that education must vary with the needs of the individual. Our aim is to meet as far as practicable the varying needs of the young men of California. It should be said here again, that the Kearney Ranch School is merely a day dream. How many years the dream is ahead of

the times, we will not venture to guess. However, it may be said in all frankness, that the Department of Agriculture is handicapped, and it is a very serious handicap, by that easy attitude of mind for which the Californian is noted, of believing that he already has the best there is. This is an attitude of mind that is not altogether foreign to other states, especially with regard to their agricultural colleges.

At this point I stopped and reread what I had written. I am more puzzled than ever over the invitation of the Executive Committee. I have said about all there is to say and yet do not appear to have said anything worth while. I will blunder along just a little more and then leave you to ask any questions you may have to ask.

It is the contention of the University that it is not located in Berkeley but that it is located in California. This is particularly true of its College of Agriculture. A graduate of the University may take his graduate work anywhere in California provided he is under the actual supervision of an instructor. The contact between instructor and student must be real and vital and not merely perfunctory. A student residing in Riverside cannot take graduate work with an instructor residing in Berkeley, nor can a student residing in Berkeley take work with an instructor resident in Riverside or El Centro. A student residing in Berkeley may do work with an instructor whose permanent residence is at Davis provided the instructor spends a portion of his time in Berkeley, as is the actual fact in some instances. The whole point is that graduate work may be done anywhere in California provided the instruction is real, but not otherwise. This is a general university policy which has special significance in the College of Agriculture.

The requirement for admission to the University, including the College of Agriculture, is 45 units, known in Eastern universities as 15 units. A student not only must have passed these 45 units, but each and every subject must have been recommended by the high school as satisfactory