to decline any propositions, as to the mode of doing business, from a person who has so many titles to my esteem as the Count de Moustier. I will only add, that, under my present impressions, I cannot persuade myself, that I should be justifiable in deviating essentially from established forms. With the highest sentiments of esteem and regard, I am, Sir, &c.* TO THE SECRETARY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS.† SIR, Although in the present unsettled state of the executive departments, under the government of the Union, I do not conceive it expedient to call upon you for information officially, yet I have supposed, that some informal communications from the office of foreign affairs might neither be improper nor unprofitable. Finding myself at this moment less occupied with the * See letters from Count de Moustier, relating to the same subject, in the APPENDIX, No. III. †The secretaries of the several executive departments under the new government were not appointed till September. In the mean time the usual business of the departments was transacted by the officers, who had charge of them when the old government expired. Mr. Jay continued to fill the office of secretary of foreign affairs, till Mr. Jefferson entered upon its duties in March, 1790. The name of the department was changed by law to that of the Department of State, and its head was thenceforward called Secretary of State. General Knox acted as secretary of war, till his new appointment to the same post, on the 12th of September, 1789. The affairs of the treasury were administered by a Board, consisting of Samuel Osgood, Walter Livingston, and Arthur Lee. These gentlemen retained their places till September 11th, when Hamilton was appointed Secretary of the Treasury. The reason why the appointments were so long delayed was, that the laws instituting the departments, and fixing the salaries of the officers, were not sooner passed by Congress. duties of my office, than I shall probably be at almost any time hereafter, I am desirous of employing myself in obtaining an acquaintance with the real situation of the several great departments, at the period of my acceding to the administration of the general government. For this purpose I wish to receive in writing such a clear account of the department, at the head of which you have been for some years past, as may be sufficient (without overburthening or confusing the mind, which has very many objects to claim its attention at the same instant,) to impress me with a full, precise, and distinct general idea of the affairs of the United States, so far as they are comprehended in, or connected with, that department. As I am now at leisure to inspect such papers and documents, as may be necessary to be acted upon hereafter, or as may be calculated to give me an insight into the business and duties of that department, I have thought fit to address this notification to you accordingly. I am, &c.* DEAR SIR, TO JAMES MCHENRY. New York, 3 July, 1789. I have received your very friendly letter of the 28th of June, and feel a grateful sense of the interest you take in my welfare and happiness, and the kind solicitude, which you express for the recovery of my health. I have now the pleasure to inform you, that my health is restored, but a feebleness still hangs upon me, and A copy of the same letter was sent to the Secretary of War and to the Board of the Treasury; and a similar one to Ebenezer Hazard, Postmaster-General. See APPENDIX, No. IV. I am much incommoded by the incision, which was made in a very large and painful tumor on the protuberance of my thigh. This prevents me from walking or sitting. However, the physicians assure me it has had a happy effect in removing my fever, and will tend very much to the establishment of my general health; it is in a fair way of healing, and time and patience only are wanting to remove this evil. I am able to take exercise in my coach, by having it so contrived as to extend myself the full length of it. I thank you, my dear Sir, for the anxiety which you express, that I should have some person about me, who is well acquainted with my constitution, and who has been accustomed to my confidence. The habits of intimacy and friendship, in which I have long lived with Dr. Craik, and the opinion I have of his professional knowledge, would most certainly point him out as the man of my choice in all cases of sickness. I am convinced of his sincere attachment to me, and I should with cheerfulness trust my life in his hands, but, how far circumstances at present would justify his quitting his practice in Alexandria and its vicinity to gratify his inclinations and my wishes, I am not able to say; but, could it be made consistent with his advantage to be near me, I am sure it would be highly pleasing to me. I must, however, in justice to Dr. Bard, who has attended me during my late indisposition, declare, that neither skill nor attention has been wanting on his part, and, as I could not have the assistance of my good friend Dr. Craik, I think myself fortunate in having fallen into such good hands.* * An anecdote characteristic of Washington is related by Professor McVickar, in his interesting and truly excellent narrative of Dr. Bard's life, respecting an incident that happened in the course of his illness. "It was a case of anthrax, so malignant as for several days to threaten B VOL. X. You have my sincere wishes, that your intended journey to the Sweet Springs may be the means of restoring the health of your brother, and that it may be pleasant and healthful to yourself. I am, dear Sir, with very great esteem, your affectionate, &c. TO JOHN JAY. Private. New York, 14 July, 1789. DEAR SIR, I find myself incompetent to form any decided opinion upon the paper I received from you the other day, without having a view of the transactions, which have been had with the Spanish minister. I wish also to know whether, if the negotiations are renewed, it can be made to appear from any thing, which that gentleman has said, as the result of an advance towards it from him in his official character. Unless this is the case, and primâ facie the reverse, will it not convey to him and his court an idea, that a change of sentiment has taken place in the governing powers of this country? Will it be expedient and proper at this moment for the President to encourage such an idea; at any rate, without previously advising with the Senate ? With very sincere esteem and regard, I am, &c. mortification. During this period Dr. Bard never quitted him. On one occasion, being left alone with him, General Washington, looking steadfastly in his face, desired his candid opinion as to the probable termination of his disease, adding, with that placid firmness which marked his address, 'Do not flatter me with vain hopes; I am not afraid to die, and therefore can bear the worst.' Dr. Bard's answer, though it expressed hope, acknowledged his apprehensions. The President replied, 'Whether to night, or twenty years hence, makes no difference; I know that I am in the hands of a good Providence."— Life of Dr. Samuel Rod. . 136. SIR, TO MATTHEW IRWIN. New York, 20 July, 1789. I have received your letter of the 9th instant enclosing a letter from Captain O'Bryen, giving a detail of the sufferings of himself and several other unfortunate Americans, who are slaves in Algiers, and requesting that some measures may be taken by the government for their redemption. Mr. Jefferson, our minister at the court of France, has in view, among other objects, the redemption of these unfortunate men; but what advances he has made in it, or whether he will be able to accomplish it or not, for want of the means, I am unable at present to say. I am not satisfied that it would be proper, as you suggest, for me to begin or bring forward a subscription among the merchants and others in the maritime towns of this country, to raise a fund for delivering these unhappy men from their state of bondage; but I would cheerfully give every aid in my power to accomplish this humane and benevolent purpose. I am, Sir, &c.* * The ship Dauphin, belonging to Matthew and Thomas Irwin of Philadelphia, and commanded by Captain Richard O'Bryen, was captured by an Algerine cruiser on the 30th of July, 1785, about fifty leagues to the westward of Lisbon, and was taken to Algiers, where it arrived on the 16th of August, and the captain and seamen were enslaved, according to the barbarous usage of the Algerine government at that time. Five days before the capture of the Dauphin, a schooner called the Maria, Captain Isaac Stephens, belonging to William Foster of Boston, was captured near Cape St. Vincent's, and the officers and crew were likewise condemned to slavery. On the 22d of September, 1788, Captain O'Bryen wrote a letter to General Washington, describing the condition of himself and his fellow sufferers, and soliciting his aid in procuring their release. The whole number of persons carried into slavery |