To Advance Knowledge: The Growth of American Research Universities, 1900-1940Oxford University Press, 1986 - Всего страниц: 325 American scientific supremacy was built upon the strength of our research universities. This book shows how these universities laid the foundation for the ascendancy of American science in the first half of this century, when they went from being provincial outposts of international science to being the equal of the best European centers of learning. This is a rich social history that tells much not only about the growth of American higher education but also about American intellectual life in general and the politics of scientific research in education. How did research come to be a major function of universities? How did universities reconcile the demands of an active research program with their other institutional commitments? To answer these questions, Geiger ranges over a broad spectrum of topics, from the adoption of a selective admissions policy and the development of graduate schools to the continuing vitality of liberal arts colleges within university settings. The book includes fascinating sections on the bizarre attempt to militarize college campuses during World War I and on the backlash of the 1920's, when many major campuses became more concerned with social life than intellectual matters. One remarkable feature of the development of research universities, Geiger points out, was that it was largely accomplished through private resources. Individual philanthropy was responsible for establishing the wealth of the private research universities, and played a key role at several state universities as well. Foundations and corporations were also highly significant in developing the institutions' research capabilities. Geiger describes how each university resolved in its own way the conflict between the research role and other institutional commitments. The major research institutions he deals with are Harvard, Yale, Princeton, MIT, Columbia, Cornell, Pennsylvania, Stanford, the University of Chicago, Johns Hopkins, the California Institute of Technology, and the Universities of Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and California. |
Содержание
The Shaping of the American Research University 18651920 | 1 |
The Conditions of University Research 19001920 | 58 |
Research Universities from World War I to 1930 | 94 |
Foundations and University Research | 140 |
The Privately Funded University Research System | 174 |
The Research Universities in the 1930s | 246 |
NOTES | 279 |
| 321 | |
Другие издания - Просмотреть все
To Advance Knowledge: The Growth of American Research Universities, 1900-1940 Roger L. Geiger Ограниченный просмотр - 2017 |
To Advance Knowledge: The Growth of American Research Universities, 1900-1940 Roger L. Geiger Ограниченный просмотр - 2017 |
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academic activities alumni American colleges American higher education American science American universities annual Association basic became California Caltech campus capital Carnegie Corporation century chemistry colleges and universities Columbia commitments Cornell decade departments disciplinary disciplines economic Education Board endowment enrollments established faculty federal fellowships fund-raising gifts graduate education Graduate School graduate students grants growth Harvard University Ibid important income intellectual JAAU Johns Hopkins Karl Compton laboratories major ment Michigan Millikan million National Research natural sciences needs nevertheless organization percent Ph.D philanthropy physicists physics postwar President President's Report Princeton private research universities private universities professional professors programs research funds research institutes research universities Robert Millikan Rockefeller Foundation role Ruml scholars scientific scientists seemed selective admissions sities social science society Stanford T. H. Morgan teaching tion trustees undergraduate University of Chicago University Press versity Wisconsin Yale College Yale University York