quitted himself with credit. He obtained his Batchelor of Arts degree in 1765. He thus continued long enough in Trinity College to be highly cultivated, and to poffels confiderable talents. He could not well be otherwife from his natural endowments. He had a memory of fingular strength; he had an apprehenfion of great readiness; an intellect of uncommon folidity; and befsides all thofe faculties, he enjoyed a wonderful dexterity in applying them to every pur. pofe. The characteristic precifion with which he carried off the fpeeches of the greatest orators, is alone a fatisfactory proof, that he enjoyed all thofe powers in a high degree and it is a strong confirmation of this reafoning, that he was a good chefs player, and made a ftand against Count Bruhl. : Like other young men of powerful minds and irregular practices he remained for fome time in fufpence about the choice of his profeffion. He inclined for a while to prefer the word to the gown; as his eldeft brother Alexander had already entered himself of the Temple. After fome confideration he determined however from the propenfities of his habit, to follow the profeflion of his father. In the meantime Hugh Macauley, owing to his paffion for play, and ditipation, became involved in great pecuniary difficulties at the age of nine. teen (1765). With all thofe embarraffments, praetices, and habits, he came to London, before the decease of his father on the 13th of July 1766, in order to prosecute the study of the law. But the propenGities of our ftudent carried him as often to St. Stephen's Chapel as to Weltminfter Hall. He ufed frequently to retire from a long debate to the Grecian Coffeehoate, where he met his fellow Templars, and would temetimes aflonifh them by a a feemingly perfect recital of the chef d'œuvre of the night. He is at this time defcribed by another lawyer who knew him perfonally, as a good natured lively man, famous for repeating parliamentary fpeeches, and always buttling about fomething or another." As to his politics Macauley, partly from the place of his birth, partly from the example of his father, partly from his natural temperament, and partly from the factiou!nets of the times, was an anarchist, it we may confider his avowed writings, as preferable proofs to private prejudice as a Whig, he was Whig mus; not an old Whig but a new Whig, who exerted great activity in promoting "the good Old Caufe." If from the Whig we throw a retrospective glance upon the letters of the Freeholder to the Electors of Antrim in 1776, we fhall perceive that he then maintained revolutionary doctrines in order to influence an election. If from these letters we take another retrospect of ten years, we fhall easily discover the political principles which Macauley brought with him from the noify fcene of Dr. Lucas at Dublin to the more ample theatre of Wilkes and Liberty at London. Hugh Macauley was naturally recommended to the care of Mr. James Adair, an Irish factor in the city, the father of the late Serjeant, and his own relation, in whofe house he ter a while became domefticated. The genteel addrefs and infinuating manners of Macauley easily introduced him into tathionable lite and literary fociety. He became intimate with Mr. Richard Burke, whofe principles and habits are faid to have been imilar to his own. He gained ready admiffion into the families of Mr. Edmund Burke and of Sir Joshua Reynolds. He obtained the familiarity of Garrick. He became acquainted with many of the members of the Literary Club. And becoming a man of the town, he incidentally became all things to all men. But whatever a man's friendships and occupations may be, the principal epoch of his life is his marriage. From Hugh Macauley's connections in the city he probably became acquainted with Mits Frances Morphy, a lady of elegance and of fome fortune, who lived with her mother, at Lodgings in Mufcovy-court, Tower-hill: and her he married, on the 29th of December 1767, when he was yet under two and twenty; and she was till yourger. The mother and the daughter poffeffed between them about feven thoufand pounds fterling, which confitted in Negroes and other property in Jamaica. His mother's father is faid to have died in 1765. Our author was now to maintain a family as well as he could by whatever means. Towards the latter end of the year 168 we are told that he began to be extremely fedulous in collecting political information of every kinu, and being in habits of confidential intimacy with the late Mr. Laughlin Maclaire, as well as fome other political characters, from whom he was enabled to obtain very early and accurate political intelligence of all minifterial proceedings. His sttention tention to the dictates of prudence had been very flight, and from diftreffed cir cumftances he found himself no longer able to live in London. The place of his retirement was Raiton-Green, near Harrow. In this retreat he found leisure to regret the past and to provide for the future. From that place he ufed frequently to walk to town, and to return the fame day; for the purpole, no doubt, of providing for his family and of collecting intelli gepce. Diftrefs is feldom stationary, and our author returned with his family to London, probably in 1775: At this epoch of his life, he engaged in a very arduous, talk when he undertook to perfuade the world that Robert and Daniel Perreau were innocent of the felonious charge of forging the bond of William Adair, with defign to defraud Robert and Henry Drummond. The forgery was detected in March 1775: bills of indictment were found against them on the 25th of April. They were tried not long atter; when Robert Perreau read a defence of uncommon art and ability, elegance and pathos, which very much affected those who were nevertheleis conftrained by the evidence to find him guilty. Daniel Perreau was alfo found guilty. Notwithstanding every endeavour to fave them they were both executed on the 17th of January 1776. After the fate of thefe men was decided, our author appeared in the North of Ireland, Whatever motive carried him thither, his attention was at once drawn to it, by the found of an election, for the county of Antrim, in purfuance of the parliamentary limitation for which his father had written. Aliuming the familiar appellation of a Freeholder, he addreffed a dozen letters to the indepen-, dent electors of Antrim; in order to gain their votes for "a conflitutional candidate." It was one James Wilson, an obfcure adventurer; and thefe letters are From Bellaft cur patriotic freeholder From Dublin it may be prefumed he returned to his old haunts and habits in London. How he was employed during the years 1777 and 1778 is unknown. But it is certain he began to write a leditious paper in 1779 and ended in March. 1780. The London Courant was the vehicle of thofe papers, which were entitled The Wbig. In thele papers alfo the style of Junius is fuppofed to be found, but at this period many imitators of that writer had appeared in the diurnal journals. No conclusion therefore, can be drawn from fuch resemblances. (To be continued in our next.) THE NEW PUMP AT THE ROYAL EXCHANGE. HE revival of this ufeful and dif "The chief ornaments in Cornehill Tcontrived public accommodation warde," fays Johr. Stow (See his Survey has afforded to the inhabitants of the neigh. bourhood of Cornhill cause of generalfatisfaction. It is much to be regretted that fupplies of water are not more frequently to be found in the midst of fo populous a' city as London is, as they would occafionally contribute to the gratification and comfort of more than live in the vicinity of the place. of London, 4to. 1603, p. 189.), “are thefe: First at the east ende thereof, in the middle of the High-streete, and at the parting of foure wayes, have ye a water tandard, placed in the yeare 1582 in maner following: certain German named Peter Morris, having made an artificial forcier for that purpofe, conveyed Thames water, in pipes of leade, a over over the teeple of St. Magnus church, at the north end of London bridge, and from thence into diverse men's houfes in Thames treete, New Fish-treete, and Graife-Areete, up to the north-weft corner of Leadenhall, the highest ground of all the citie, where the wafte of the maine pipe rifing into this ftandarde (provided at the charges of the citie) with foure fpontes, did at every tyde runne (according to covenant) foure wayes, plentifully ferving to the commodity of the inhabitants neare adjoining in their houfes, and alfo cleanfed the chanels of the treete towarde Bishopfgate, Aldgate, the bridge and Stocks market; but now no fuch matter, through whofe default I knew not." "Then have ye a faire conduit of fweete water, caftellated in the middeft of that warde and ftreet. This conduit was firit builded of tone, in the year 1282, by Henry Walles, Major of London, to be 2 prifon for night walkers and other fufpicious perfons, and was called the TUNNE upon Cornehill, because the fame was builded fomewhat in fashion of a TUNNE Htanding on the one ende. "To this prifon the night watches of this citie committed not onely night walkers, but alfo other perfons, as well fpiritual as temporal, whom they fufpeted of incontinencie, and punished them according to the cultom of the citie," but complaint thereof being made about the yeare of Chrift 1297, King Edward the Firit forbad the laity to punish the der gymen. "By the weft fide of the aforefayd prifon, then called the TUNNE, was a faire well of spring water, curbed round with hard flone: but in the yeare 1401 the taid prifon houfe called the TUNNE was made a cefterne for fweet water, Conveyed by pipes of lead from Tiborne,' SIR, and was from thenceforth called the Conduit upon Cornhill. Then was the weil planked over, and a strong prison made of timber, called a Cage, with a paire of ftockes therein fet upon it, and this was for night walkers. On the top of which cage was placed a pillorie for the punishment of bakers offending in the affize of bread, for millers ftealing of corne at the mill, for bawdes, fcolds, and other offences.". "The forefaid conduit upon Cornehill was in the yeare 1475 enlarged by Robert Drope, draper, Major, that then dwelt in that warde, he increased the cefterne of this conduit with an eat end of tone, and caftellated in comely man ner." "In the year 1 546 Sir Martin Bowes, Mayer, dwelling in Lombarde ftreete, and having his back gate opening into Cornehill against the faid conduit, minded to have enlarged the cifterne thereof with a weft end, like as Robert Drope before had done toward the eaft: view and meafure of the plot was taken for this worke, but the pillorie and cage being removed, they found the ground planked, and the well aforefaid worn out of memorie; which well they revived and restored to use; it is fince made a pumpe they fet the pillorie fomewhat west from the well, and fo this work ceafed." This is the account given by honest John Stow. The advantage derived from the water to the inhabitants had been many years loft, and the remembrance of it had again been long worn out. Accident brought it lately into notice, and the convenience of the public has been once more confulted by the erection of the pump, at once useful and ornamental, of which we now prefent our readers with a view, TO THE EDITOR OF THE EUROPEAN MAGAZINE. The following Jeu d'Efprit of an emirent phyfician in his day was lately found anong time family papers. It was written on the birth of the Princess of Bruniwick, the King's eldeft fifter, and has never appeared in print, as far as I am informed. Your giving it a place in your Magazine will oblige Yours, &c. A CHARACTER OF HER HIGHNESS THE PRINCESS. ATTEMPTED BY RICHARD HOLLINGS, M. D. AM fenfible how difficult it is to be impartial, and how much more diffidult it is to feem fo, in drawing the charatters of perfons of the highest birth and I P. A. rank; the praife or the blame, which they may juftly delerve, is feverally ascribed to the interefed views, or the private relentment of the author. I should 2 therefore |