First attempts to negotiate; Shufeldt treaty, 1882; treaty rights of

Americans; foreign settlements; Japanese intervention.

XIII. Denmark. § 817.

XIV. Dominican Republic. § 818.

XV. Ecuador. § 819.

XVI. Egypt. § 820.

XVII. France.

1. Treaty relations. § 821.

2. Treaty decisions. § 822.

XVIII. Germany. § 823.

XIX. Great Britain.

1. Treaty of peace, 1782-3.

(1) Negotiations. § 824.

Shelburne; Fox; Oswald; Vergennes; Franklin; Jay;

Adams.

(2) Effect of stipulations. § 825.

2. Jay treaty, 1794.

(1) Historical sketch. § 826.

(2) Particular stipulations. § 827.

3. Monroe-Pinkney and cognate negotiations. § 828.

4. Treaty of Ghent. § 829.

XXIII. Japan-Continued.

4. Domestic disturbances. § 848.

5. Affair of Shimonoseki. § 849.

6. Convention of 1866, and treaty revision. § 850.

7. Emancipation of Japan. § 851.

XXIV. Liberia.

1. Declarations of American policy. § 852.

2. Treaty of 1862, Art. VIII. § 853.

3. Relations with Great Britain. § 854.

4. Relations with France. $ 855.

XXV. Madagascar. § 856.

XXVI. Mexico.

1. Relations, 1825-1848. $ 857.

2. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. § 858.

3. Mesilla, and later, treaties. § 859.

4. Domestic disturbances; intervention. § 860.

5. Later relations. § 861.

6. Zona Libra, or Free Zone. § 862.

7. Crossing of border by cattle. § 863.

XXVII. Muscat. § 864.

XXVIII. Netherlands. § 865.

XXIX. Ottoman Porte.

1. Treaty of 1830. § 866.

2. Treaty of 1862. § 867.

3. Real estate protocol, 1874. § 868.

4. Extradition treaty. § 869.

5. Educational, eleemosynary, and religious institutions. § 870.

6. Schools. § 871.

7: Sale of books. § 872.

8. Freedom of worship. § 873.-

9. Armenian difficulties. § 874.

10. Various topics. § 875.

XXX. Paraguay. § 876.

XXXI. Persia. § 877.

XXXII. Peru. § 878.

XXXIII. Portugal. § 879.

XXXIV. Russia. § 880.

XXXV. Samoan Islands. § 881.

XXXVI. Siam. § 882.

XXXVII. Spain.

$ 885.

$ 886.

1. Treaty of October 27, 1795. § 883.

2. Treaty of February 22, 1819. § 884.

3. Convention of February 17, 1834.

4. Reciprocity agreement, 1891.

5. Treaty of December 10, 1898.

6. Caroline Islands. § 888.

XXXVIII. Sweden and Norway. § 889.

XXXIX. Switzerland. § 890.

XL. Tahiti. § 891.

XLI. Tonga. § 892.

XLII. Uruguay. § 893.

XLIII. Venezuela. § 894.

XLIV. Zanzibar. § 895.

XLV. Multipartite treaties. § 896.

§ 887.

§ 699.

$ 700.

2. Conditions of issuance.

3. Refusal or revocation.

IV. DISMISSAL OR RECALL. § 701.

V. PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES.

1. Under international law and treaty. § 702.

8. Presents. § 709.

9. Engaging in business. § 710.

VI. AMENABILITY TO LOCAL JURISDICTION.

1. Civil process. § 711.

2. Criminal process. § 712.

3. Jurisdiction of courts in United States. § 713.

4. The giving of testimony. § 714.

5. Taxation.

(1) Liabilities and exemptions. § 715.

(2) Customs duties. § 716.

VII. POWERS AND DUTIES.

1. Scope and limitations. § 717.

2. Correspondence. § 718.

3. Interposition with local authorities. § 719.

4. Administration of oaths. § 720.

I. CLASSES AND TITLES.

§ 696.

"The word consul' is ordinarily used, in a specific sense, to denote a particular grade in the consular service; but it is sometimes used also, in a generic sense, to embrace all consular officers.-15 C. Cls. R. 74."

Consular Regulations of the United States (1896), § 14, p. 6.

See The American Consular Service, by Eli T. Sheppard, formerly U. S. consul in China, and late international law adviser to the Government of Japan. The University Press, Berkeley, Cal., 1901; reprinted from the University [of California] Chronicle, IV. 6.

"The term consular officer' includes consuls-general, consuls, commercial agents, deputy consuls, vice-consuls, vice-commercial agents, and consular agents, and none others."

Consular Regulations of the United States (1896), § 2, p. 3, citing Rev.
Stats., sec. 1674.

"Consuls-general, consuls, and commercial agents are full, principal, and permanent consular officers, as distinguished from subordinates and substitutes.-R. S., sec. 1674. Vice-consuls or vice-commercial agents, when in charge, are acting consuls or commercial agents for the time being, and are principal consular officers.-33 Fed. Rep. 167." Consular Regulations of the United States (1896), § 3, p. 3.

Although consuls have diplomatic functions in the Barbary States, their letters of credence have been in conformity with their commissions, which, until recently, in every instance described them as consuls merely. No consul with such a title was warranted in officially assuming also the title of "agent."

Mr. J. C. B. Davis, Act. Sec. of State, to Mr. Vidal, consul at Tripoli, No. 30, July 10, 1873, MS. Inst. Barbary Powers, XV. 558.

The American consular representative at Cairo, Egypt, has by statute the title of "Diplomatic Agent and Consul-General."

6

"... Vice-consular officers,' or substitute consular officers, includes vice-consuls general, vice-consuls, and vice-commercial agents. Subordinate consular officers' includes deputy consuls-general, deputy consuls, and consular agents.-R. S., sec. 1674."

Consular Regulations of the United States (1896), § 4, p. 4.

Commercial agents are by the laws of the United States (Revised Statutes, sec. 1674) full, principal, and permanent consular officers. They differ from the latter only in rank or grade. The title of the