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during the past two years over seven thousand weighings of animals treated with Tethelin have been made, together with some thirty thousand weighings of control animals or of animals receiving other substances suspected of exerting action upon the growth of tissues. The statistical handling of these figures is in itself a very onerous task. The feeding and care of so many animals has been a great work and expense; yet the numbers employed have been insufficient to enable the department to elucidate the various actions of Tethelin as rapidly as is desirable. Nevertheless distinct headway has been made, although our results are still far from complete.

In collaboration with Dr. E. L. Barney of the Department of Surgery a series of experiments upon the action of Tethelin on chronic ulcers has been carried out with striking success. Ulcers of from two months to eleven years standing, previously treated without success by a variety of methods, were in every case cured by treatment with Tethelin. The maximum number of applications required, in a case of eleven years standing, was twenty.

The University of California having leased its patent rights in Tethelin to the H. K. Mulford Company of Philadelphia, the problem of practical manufacture has been taken up by them in collaboration with this department. A series of practical difficulties have been successfully solved and the large scale production of Tethelin is now well under way, so that it will soon be available for general medical and surgical use.

Another phase of research having strong bearing upon the war has been the thorough investigation by Dr. E. S. Sundstroem during the past three years, of the effects of high altitude upon metabolism. He has complied a monograph upon this subject from the results of very numerous and laborious analyses. These results which will shortly be published have a strong bearing on the question of aviation sickness. He has reached the conclusion, which would seem to be adequately supported by his results, that

mountain sickness is due to an alkalosis, or increase in the alkalinity of the blood, which the body combats by an accelerated excretion of alkaline bases. This work is now to be extended and confirmed by further experiments, and to this end a large vacuum chamber has been constructed in which animals can be placed and kept at reduced atmospheric pressure for prolonged periods of time.

Department of Physiology

The most important war service of the Department of Physiology has been its regular work in the teaching of medical students, a number of whom after being drafted have been sent back by the military authorities to complete their medical education. Other work in instruction of the department is a necessary part of the education of nurses and of persons preparing for public health service.

In the latter part of April, Assistant Professor T. C. Burnett went to Camp Kearney to act as Associate Field Director in the American Red Cross. He has devoted the long summer vacation to this work.

The research work of the department all has more or less direct bearing on medical progress. Associate Professor S. S. Maxwell has been engaged in a study of the effect of certain drugs on the central nervous system. He has also made progress on a mechanical device for the rapid calculation of the proportion of the various food principles in dietaries and inidvidual ration allowances.

Assistant Professor Burnett has attempted the application of an internal lavage of wounds by the production of an increased lymph flow. Instructor Lillian M. Moore has studied intensively the effect on body temperature of certain brain injuries; two parts of this work are completed. and will appear in the June number of the American Journal of Physiology. Assistant J. A. Larson has been engaged on the study of the effect of extracts of the endocrine glands on the growth of tissue.

Dr. E. S. May has made encouraging progress in the study of the pathway of temperature impulses in the spinal cord, a matter of great importance in diagnosis of results of certain sorts of wounds.

Los Angeles Medical Department

The Los Angeles Medical Department of the University became engaged in aviation examination work at the beginning of the war, and word has just been received from the War Department that it is desired again to start this work in Los Angeles for the entire Pacific southwest. The Los Angeles Medical Department has loaned a large portion of its hospital building to the Medical Examining Board of the Los Angeles District. The department has in contemplation a plan whereby graduate instruction may be given to medical officers in the near-by camps and cantonments, and also to such other physicians as are entering the service and likely to be called upon by the government to do a certain amount of hospital work.

Hooper Foundation for Medical Research

The Hooper Foundation offered a course in laboratory training, open to women, during the summer session of 1918, the object being to prepare individuals for technical positions in the base hospitals. There is urgent need for such technicians.

Each month a group of army officers is detailed to the school for intensive training. This work takes considerable time, but the teachers in charge have faithfully discharged all their other duties in addition to this new branch of service.

Dr. K. F. Meyer, Associate Professor of Tropical Medicine, applied himself to studying typhoid carriers, the epidemiology of dysentery infections on the Pacific Coast, types of pneumococci and streptococci found in cases of pneumonia, spore-bearing anaërobes responsible for gas

gangrene, and toxin production of anaerobes concerned in wound infections. The school is now in possession of a complete series of anaërobes isolated from war wounds in France.

Dr. Alice Rohdé, Assistant Professor of Research Medicine, has been engaged in an experimental study of Dakin's Solution with particular reference to its action on ferment and autolysis of various tissues.

Dr. E. L. Walker, Associate Professor of Tropical Medicine, has investigated the treatment of carriers of andamoebic dysentery, and the chemotherapy of infectious diseases due to the acid-fast bacilli, with special reference to tuberculosis. He has also investigated the obscure etiology of certain infectious diseases-leishmaniasis, myositis, purulenta tropica, granuloma inguinale, etc., with material collected in South America.

Although Dr. C. W. Hooper, Assistant Professor of Research Medicine, has been called to the Hygienic Laboratory in Washington, Mrs. F. W. Robscheit, Fellow in the Hooper Research Laboratory, and Dr. G. H. Whipple, Professor of Research Medicine and Director of the Hooper Foundation for Medical Research, are continuing the work of studying pigment metabolism and anemia. Dr. Whipple, assisted by Messrs. Davis, Foster and McQuarrie, is investigating the peculiar condition of shock which develops in animals, caused by dilution of the blood plasma effected by plasmapharesis. The exchange of fluid between the blood and tissue has a definite bearing on clinical shock.

DEPARTMENT OF MINING AND METALLURGY

The facilities of the College of Mining, its teaching staff and several of the students have been employed in work thought to be of importance at this time. Supplementing these activities, experiments of value in devising ways and means of increasing the production of metals, the demand for which has been created by the war, have been greatly encouraged.

An exhaustive study has been made of the possibilities of concentrating, beneficiating and rendering available the low grade, manganese ores of California, particularly for use in the manufacture of ferroalloys. A very comprehensive and exhaustive report was prepared by E. A. Hersam, Associate Professor of Metallurgy, and published in the University of California Press, March 26, 1918 (Engineering ser., vol. 2, pp. 1-56). The great demand for copies of this work has led to its wide circulation throughout the state.

The treatment of antimony ores with particular reference to the temperature conditions of roasting was studied by G. McM. Ross, under direction of the department. The results of this work are now being utilized and are available for public information.

In coöperation with the California State Mining Bureau, a complete study of the possibilities of concentrating quicksilver ores has been undertaken, the results of which were made the subject matter of a thesis presented by W. W. Bradley for the degree of mining engineer in the University. A report will be issued by the California State Mining Bureau reviewing the metallurgical treatment of quicksilver ores, and embodying the results of his researches.

V. S. Chow, under the guidance of the department, investigated the conditions prevailing in the distillation and condensation of cinnabar ore. His conclusions are offered for the master's degree in metallurgy.

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