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INDEX.

ABBEYS, Barons founders of, to have

custody of, when vacant, 115.
'Abhorrers' and 'Petitioners,' 623.
Act of Settlement, 224, 668; text of,
670-75.

Acts (private) of Parliament, how they
originated, 182, n. I.

Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity,
passed 1559, 446; 1662, 638.
Addled Parl., 1614, dissolved, 514.
Administration, system of, under Nor-
man and Plantagenet kings, 146;
right of Commons to enquire into
abuses of, 271, 277.
Advowsons, suits as to, 93.
Ager publicus, analogy of Folkland to,

14.

Agricultural labourers, discontent of,
with landowners, 398.

Agriculture, means proposed for resto-
ration of, at Peace of Wallingford, 87.
Aids, contributions from the tenant to
his lord, 61; provision as to, made
in Magna Charta, 112; not to be
made except by common counsel of
the nation, 127.

Alcred, deposition of, 33.

Alford (Mr., M.P.), speech of, on
Petition of Right, 547.
ALFRED (the Great), styled only King of
the West Saxons in his will, II; his
character, II, n. I; light thrown on
the Land laws by his will, 15, n. ;
elected king to the exclusion of his
elder brother's children, 34; as a
legislator, 44.

Aliens, their disabilities, denization,
and naturalisation, &c., 673, n. 3,
(cf. 135).

Allen (Cardinal), founds Seminary at
Douay, 454. 2. I.

Altham (Baron) on the legality of
Proclamations, 509.

Amercements, 116, 164, n. 4; deriva-
tion of the term, 117.

Ancient English Laws, 43.
Ancient German polity, 5.
Anderson's case (writ of Habeas Corpus

issued into Upper Canada), 633.
Angevin or Plantagenet dynasty, the,
88.

Annates, Act restraining the payment
of, to the Pope, 426, 431, n, I.
Anne (Queen), her dislike of party
government, 682, and #. 2.
Annual Indemnity Acts, t. Geo. II. in
favour of Dissenters, 758.
Annual Parliaments, 270.

Appeal, = Accusation, origin of this
private process, 125.

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'Appello Caesarem' (Dr. Montague's),
557.

Appropriation of Supplies, first instance
of, 274.

Arbitrary imprisonment, Stat. Pet. of
Right, 3 Car. I., against, 551.
Archbishops, rank as high as members
of King's family, 27; to be nomi-
nated by King's congé d'élire, 430.
Armada, Spanish, 460, 468.
Arms, Protestants allowed to carry,
for their defence, by Bill of Rights,
663.

Army, standing, supersedes militia,
193; used by Charles to overawe
parliament, 595; increased by Jac.
II., 646; sketch of military force in
England, 646, n. 1, seq.; made
illegal by Bill of Rights, without
consent of parliament, 648, n.
Arrest, freedom from, a privilege of
parliament, 327; vindicated by Com-
mons, 497, and ib. n. I.

Arthur (of Brittany), 202; his sister
Eleanor, 203.

'Articles of Reform,' 268; annulled by
15 Edw. II., ib. n. 1; their purport,
269, n. I.

Articles of Religion made Thirty-nine
in number, 448.

Arundel (Abp.), 180.

Arundel (Earl of) committed to Tower,
1626, 542.

Ashby v. White, 1702, right to vote,
341.

Ashford v. Thornton, 127.
Assassination practised by English on
Normans, 69; law of Englishry,'
against, ib.

Assemblies, rebellious and unlawful, 2
& 3 Edw. VI. against, 399.
Assize, judges of, 159.

Assize of Arms, national militia revived
by, 92; requirements of the, regard-
ing military service, 191; renewed
and remodelled by Edw. I., ib.
Assize of Clarendon, 96, 159, 166.
Assize of Northampton, III.
Assizes, provision made by Magna
Charta for, 115, 165, 166.

'Association of Christian Brothers,'
416; Luther's writings circulated by,
418.

Athelings, sons or brothers of king,

30; word originally denoted noble
birth, ib.; ranked above nobility,
31; penalty for violation of their
rights, ib.

ATHELSTAN, King, 12.
Attainder, Bills of, 322, 384; difference
from Impeachment, 384, n. 4.
Attainder and forfeiture for treason or
felony abolished, 397, n.

Attaint, Writ of, jurymen liable to, 170;
abolished t. Geo. IV., 171; object
effected by new trial, ib.

Atwyll's case (17 Edw. IV.), freedom
of speech, 329.

Audit of public accounts enacted by
Parl., 274.

Aurum reginae, payment of, 30.
Aylesbury men, case of the, 342.
Aylmer's Harborowe of True and
Faithful Subjects,' 488, and 489, n. I.
Azo, his 'Summa' used by Bracton, 4,

11. 2.

BACON (Sir Nicholas, Lord Keeper),
475-
Bacon (Francis, Lord Chancellor), 488;
advice to Jac. I. for managing
Commons, 512; impeached, pun-
ished, and imprisoned, 525; sen.
tence remitted by James, ib. n. 2.
Ballot Act, 1872, 739; Universities
exempted from, ib. n. 2.

Bank of England established, 1694,
625, 11.

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Barons, unsuccessful insurrections of,
t. Will. II., 78; new ones created
by Hen. I., 82; power curtailed by
Hen. II., 90; and by institution of
Scutage, 91; obtain Magna Charta
for people, 102; refuse to follow
John on foreign service, 104, 107;
confederacy of, at St. Edmund's,
108; offer crown to Louis of France,
140; revolt of, t. Edw. II., 267.
Barrow (Henry) executed for writing
seditious books, 465.

Bastwick (Dr.), his trial with Prynne
and Burton, and sentence for pub-
lishing Elenchus Papismi, &c.' 565 ;
further sentence by Star Chamber,
566; popular sympathy for, ib.;
liberated by Long Parliament,
585.

Bates (John), case against, in the Court
of Exchequer, 1606, 503, 505, 554,
n. I; decision of judges subversive
of liberty, 503.

Battle, wager of, 69; trial by, super-

seded by trial by jury, 91; demand
for, Thornton's case, 127; abolished,
ib.

Beard, William-with-the, or Fitz Os-
bert, rising under, 97.

'Bedchamber Question,' 1839, 711.
Bede's history of English conquest of
Britain, 5, n. I.

Belesme (Robert de), Earl of Shrews-
bury and Arundel, forfeiture and
expulsion from kingdom, 81.

Bell (Mr., M.P.), on monopolies in
1571, 480.

Benefices, John concedes to Pope
right of nominating to, 405; greatly
abused, ib.; Stat. of Provisors, 25
Edw. III., forbidding Pope's nomi-
nation to, 407.
Benefit of clergy, 416.

Benevolence, Jac. I. calls for general,
515; protests against, 516.
Benevolences extorted from the richer
classes by Edw. IV., 364; declared
illegal by Ric. III.'s parliament, ib. ;
again introduced by Hen. VII., 377 ;
Bishop Morton's Fork,' ib.; had
recourse to by Hen. VIII., 381; op-
pressive treatment of those refusing
to contribute, 382.

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Bennet (Sir John), impeached, 1621,
525.
Berkeley, J., his judgment in the Ship-
money case of Hampden, 574; im-
prisoned, 588, n. 1.

Bible, English translation of, 1538,
442.

Bigod (Roger, Earl of Norfolk),

Edw. I.'s altercation with, 252, n. 5.
Bill of Rights, 1689, 220, 11. 3, 'De-
claration of Right' embodied and
confirmed in, 660; text, 660-667.
Billeting of Soldiers and Mariners, 552,
and n.

Bills of Attainder, 322, 384, and n.
Bills, petitions to Parliament assume
form of statutes under name of, 314;
Money Bills originate in Commons,
313; Peerage Bills in Lords, 316.
Bilson (Bp.), 519.

Births, Marriages, and Deaths, Civil
registration of, 1836, 764.
Bishops: prominent members of the

Witan, 9; arrest of the three, by
Stephen, 86; petition of Commons
for scrutiny into ecclesiastical abuses
referred to, 420; their answer and
Hen. VIII.'s, criticism, ib.; to be
nominated by congé d'élire, 430; Oath
of Supremacy refused by, 450, and
ib. n. 2; Bishops' Act, 1566, 453;
deprived of temporal jurisdiction by
Long Parl., 591, 592, n. 1; bills in-
troduced in Commons for, 599, n. I
(cf. 591); attempt to exclude from
House of Lords, 722, n. I.

Bishops, the Seven, trial of, 1688, 172,
652; their names, 652, n. 2; Ma.
caulay on, ib.

Blair (Sir Adam), impeached, 1689,
530, n.

Bland, case of, 1585, 487.

Blount (Sir Thomas), Steward, Edw. II.,
207.

Bocland, 14, 15, nn. ib.

Bohun (Earl of Hereford) resists illegal
exactions of Edw. I., 253.
Boleyn (Anne) married, 419; Elizabeth
born, ib.

Bolingbroke (Henry St. John, Visct.),
case of impeachment of, 1715,
531, n.

Boniface VIII., Bull Clericis laicos,

251, 255; claims to be feudal lord of
Scotland, and commands Edw. I.
to withdraw his troops, 405; answer
of the English parliament, ib.
Boniface IX., struggle of Crown with,
409.

Bonner (Bp.), 399; indicted by Horne,
Bp. of Winchester, for refusing oath
of Supremacy, 453; pleads Horne
not lawful bishop, ib.

Book of Common Prayer, Acts for
Uniformity of Service, &c., Edw. VI.,
442, and 443, n. 2; Elizabeth, 447 ;
penal clauses for using any other form,
re-enacted in Act of Uniformity,
1662, 638.

'Book of Rates,' 1608, 504.

Books containing heresy and treason,
importation forbidden by Mary, 397;
possessors to be executed, 398; ex-
cuse for, ib. n. I.

Borough Elections, qualification of
members at, 349; electors in, ib.
seq.; wholesale bribery at, 729.
Borough-English, a variety of tenure in
burgage, 67.

Boroughs, Charters to, by Hen. I., 82 ;
extensively sold by Ric. I., 99;
growth of representation of, 237-9;
great creation of Rotten Boroughs by
Edw. VI., Mary, and Eliz., 401;
great majority of, venal, until after
Geo. III., 729.

Bosworth, battle of, 214.

Bot, compensation for injury, 29, 42.
Bracton, extensive borrowings from
Roman law in, 4, n.

Brétigni, treaty of, 1360, 283.
Bretwaldas, the, 10; Egbert, eighth
king who was Bretwalda, ib. ; ety-
mology, ib. n. I.

Breviarium, the, 4.

Bribery at Elections, attempt to pre-
vent by Stat. of Anne, excluding all
but landowners from Commons, 348;
rep. 1838, 349; earliest precedent for
punishment of, Long's case, 1571,
487; prices at which seats were
openly sold, 729, 730; measures for
suppression of, ib.

Bridges, no town or man to be dis-
trained to make, 137.

Brihtric, king, poisoned by his wife, 30.
Bristol (John Digby, Earl of), refusal of
Car. I. to grant him a writ of sum-
mons, 543; complains to Peers, ib. ;
charged with high treason, ib.; re-
taliates by impeaching Bucking-
ham, ib.

Britons (The) driven to western parts of
the island, I; hypothesis as to inter-
marrying with English, 2, and n.
Bromley (Sir Henry, M.P.), brings
forward Succession Question, 479;
committed to prison, ib.

'Brownists,' the, 499, and n.
Buckingham (George Villiers, Duke o1),
case of impeachment of, 1626, 526,
n.; opposition to, 540; speech of Sir
R. Cotton against, ib.; King's message
on impeachment of, 541; impeached
by Earl of Bristol, 543; assassinated
by Felton, 526, n.

Burdett (Sir Francis), adjudged guilty
of contempt of House of Commons,
and committed to Tower, 748.
Burgage, tenure in, 66.

Burgh, the, and its organisation, 19.
Burleigh (Sir William Cecil, Lord),
administration of, 472.

Burton (Henry), his pamphlet "News
from Ipswich," 565; tried and sen-
tenced with Prynne and Bastwick,
ib.; popular sympathy with, ib.;
liberated by Long Parl., 585.
Bury, impeached, 1376, 280.
Bushell's case, 1670, immunity of juries
established in, 172.

Bute (Lord), his administration, 1762,
701; fall, 702; continued influence
with King, ib. ; dismissal, ib.
Byron (Sir John), appointed Governor
of Tower, vice Lunsford, 603.

CABAL MINISTRY, THE, 1671,
678.

Cabinet, the, its growth, 675, seq. ; final
establishment of system under first
two Georges, 683; Ministry and
Cabinet not synonymous, 685; se-
crecy of, 687; the Premier, 687-8, n.;
relations of Cabinet to Crown and
Parliament, 688, n.; to Houses of
Lords and Commons, ib. n.; three-
fold capacity of Cabinet Minister, iv. ;
internal relations of Cabinet, ib.
Calvert (Mr. Secretary), 524, 533.
Calvin (Richd.), Post-nati case, 7
Jac. I., 502, 1. 2; 519, 674, n.
Cambridge (Vice-Chancellor of), de-
prived by Jac. II., 650.
Campbell (Lord), Libel Act of, 1843,
774.

Campion (Edmund), despatched by
Gregory XIII. to re-convert Eng-
land, 456; imprisoned in the Tower,
458; executed, ib.

Canons, new, promulgated by Con-
vocation, 1640, 582.
Canterbury, double election to See of,

106; both set aside by Pope, ib.
Carleton (Sir Dudley), 542.
Carr's case (1680), 768, n. 3.

Cartwright (Thomas) leader of attacks
on Episcopacy, 463; publishes 'Ad-
monition to Parliament,' ib.
Carucage, Danegeld under form of,
t. Ric. I., 97.

Case of Commendams, 1616, 519.
Castle-guard, 113.

Catherine (Queen), Hen. VIII.'s di-
vorce suit against, 418.
'Catholic Association,' the, 762.
Catholic Emancipation Act, 1829, 761.
Cecil (Mr. Secretary Robert), 481.
Celtic element in English nation, 2.
Ceorls, the, 23, 25; their depression
prior to Norman Conquest, ib. n.,
293.

Cerdic, ancient line of, supplanted for a
time, regains throne, 12.
Chamberlain of London v. Allen Evans,
759, n. 1; Lord Mansfield's judg-
ment, ib.

Chancellor, the office of, subordinate to
that of Justiciar, 74; introduction of
title, T. R. E., 149: derivation of,
150, n. 1; growth of power, ib. ;
rise of jurisdiction, 175; equitable
jurisdiction of, 176, n. 5, 181; en-
croachments of, on jurisdiction of
Common law, 177; statutes in re-
straint of, ib. et seq.; office of, re-
garded with distrust by Commons,
178-9.

Chancery, Court of, extension of juris-
diction t. Edw. II., 176; equitable
jurisdiction much extended t. Ric. II.,
180.

CHARLES I., 1625-49; accession, 538;
political character, ib.; first parl.,
539; message to Commons on im-
peachment of Buckingham, 541; ex-
pedients to raise money without parl.,
540, 543; enforces a general loan,
ib.; third parl., 1627, 545; opening
Speech, ib.; gives assent to Petition
of Right, 551; violates it, 554; calls
another parl., 1628-9, ib.; dissolved,
559; intimates determination to
govern without parl., 560; the ag-
gressor in conflict with parl., 561;
ship-money, 566, et seq.; attempts to
change ecclesiastical constitution of
Scotland, 575; fourth parl., 1640,
578; offers to give up ship-money
for twelve subsidies, 580; dissolves
fourth parl., 581; resumes despotic
courses, ib.; failure of his military
operations against Scots, 582; sum-
mons fifth (Long) Parl., 583; his
view as to invalidity of statutes [with-

CHARLES I.-

out internal assent], 592; goes to
Edinburgh, 593; object of journey,
ib.; offers office to Popular leaders,
ib.; attempts to arrest the 'Five
Members,' 602; his speech to Com-
mons, 609; end of Constitutional
struggle with parl., 612; his dupli-
city, 614, n.; illegal trial and execu-
tion, 616.

CHARLES II., 1660-1685; chief Consti-
tutional statutes of, 620; first year of
reign by legal fiction the twelfth, ib.
12. I; enters into conspiracy with
Louis XIV. against National Church
and Civil liberty, 635; despotic
during last years of reign, 643.
Charlton, J., dismissed from his office
by Jac. II., 649, n. 3.

Charter of Liberties of Hen. I., 78;
importance, 80.

Charters to Boroughs extensively sold
by Ric. I., 99.

Chatham (William Pitt, Lord) advo-
cated parl. reform, 1766, 733.
Chester, Co. Pal., admitted to repre-
sentation, 1543, 389.

Chester, Court of Co. Pal., jurisdiction

abolished, except in matters touching
King's private estate, 589, and n. 2.j
Christianity, conversion of English to,
9; influence of, ib.

Church, English, close alliance of, with

State, 9; deference to Rome, but
marked national character of, ib.;
various ecclesiastical organisations
reduced to one National Church by
Abp. Theodore, ib.; Ecclesiastical
unity precedes Civil, ib.; enjoyed
independence before Conquest, 71;
afterwards brought into closer con-
nexion with Rome, ib.; identical
with State before Conquest, 72;
separation of spiritual from temporal
courts by William the Conqueror,
ib.; but supremacy of Crown main-
tained, ib.; promises made by Hen.
I. to, 79; regains spiritual freedom,
84; concessions to, by Stephen, 85;
supremacy of State over, maintained
by Hen. II., 92; relations with State
defined by Const. of Clarendon, ib. ;
of the Middle Ages, though despotic,
also democratic, 95; liberties of, pre-
served by Magna Charta, 110; sepa-
ration of, from Church of Rome,
political and legal rather than reli-
gious, 403; always possessed marked
National character, ib.; reformation

Church, English-

of, by Hen. VIII., 418; influence of
Luther's writings on doctrines of, ib.;
King enacted to be the Supreme
Head of,' 434; dissolution of mo-
nasteries, 435, 437; distribution of
the property of, 440; peculiar cha-
racter of Reformed national, 448; its
relation to Crown, ib. ; distasteful to
more zealous Protestants, 461; go-
vernment of, entrusted to seven com-
missioners, by Jac. II., 650, and n.
Church of Scotland, interference of
Car. I. with, 575; consequent re-
bellion, ib.

Chute, Sir Walter, sent to Tower, 1614,
514.

Circuits of Justices commence towards
end of Hen. I., 83; regularly formed,
1176, 158.

Citations to Court of Rome forbidden
by 27 Edw. III., 408.

Civil equality of all ranks below peer-
age, 266.

'Civil List,' account of changes in
amount of, 714.

Civitas or populus, the, 6.

Clarendon, Constitutions of, 92-95.
Clarendon, Assize of, 96, 159, 166.
Clarendon (Edward Hyde, Earl of),
Case of Impeachment of, 1667, 527,
n.; death of, 528, n.

Clark, B., judgment in Bates' Case,
503-4.

Classical writings, influence of, in the
direction of liberty, 494, n. 2.
Clement VII., vacillation and dupli-
city, in Hen. VIII.'s divorce suit,
418.

Clergy (the), high political and social
status of, 27; had their own Synods
for Church matters, 28; contest of,
with Hen. I., 84; concessions to, by
Stephen, 85; alienated from Stephen,
86; customs of, regulated by Consti-
tutions of Clarendon, 92; contest
with Hen. II., ib. ; not to quit realm
without permission, 95; Constitutional
opposition of, to Ric. I., 97; repre-
sented in Parl., 248; but averse from
interfering in secular legislation, 249;
prefer their own assembly or Con-
vocation, ib.; cease to attend Parl.
in 14th century, 250; laws enacted
by advice of, alone, ib., and . 2;
retained self-taxation till 1664, ib.;
since then have right of voting, ib.;
not now separate estate of realm,
251; taxation of, by Edw. I., 251;

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