human mind, 26-examination of Mr. Irons' theory, 26-natural evidence of theology maintained by Professor Whewell, 27, 28.

Financial History of England, effects of the Revolution of 1688, 337, 338-State of England during the reigns of Charles II. and James II., 338, 339-effects of the Act of 1719, 341-Napoleon's project of invading England, 343, 344-expenditure incurred to meet the invasion, 345-Ricardo's tract on the Funding System, 346 -enclosures of lands in England and Wales, 347-position of England and of the Continental Powers in the prospect of war, 349, 350 different condition of the English and French labourer, 352-proposal for sweeping away the national debt and taxes, 353, 354.

Fizeau, M.,-his discovery of the Electrotype process in Photography, 491. Forbes, Duncan. His expostulations with Lord Lovat, 89, 90-his birth and parentage, 92, 93 his clemency towards his vanquished countrymen, 93, 94-he enters Parliament, 95-becomes Lord-Advocate, 96, 97-measures carried by him through Parliament, 97-his zeal in serving his country, 98 change in his religious opinions, 99-is appointed President of the Court of Session, 100-his talents as a lawyer, 100, 101-his exertions in suppressing the Rebellion of '45, 102, 103—— ingratitude of Government for his valuable services, 104, 105-his death and character, 106-108.

Foster, Judge,-his opinion on Middle-men, 525.

France, condition of, 351-paralell between and England, 352, 353.

Freeman, J. J., and D. Johns. See Narrative.

G

Galileo, his mode of publishing his discoveries, 239.

Galle, M., discovers the New Planet, 227. German Women, 372. See Hahn Hahn. Germany, theology of, 355-Biblical literature, 367.

Grimshaw, Rev. William, his popularity and ardour in his work, 326.

H

Hahn Halın, Ida, Countess of. Her novels, 368 literary ladies a new order of beings, 368-proper province of women, 369, 370-of men, 370-the domestic romance the peculiar province of literary ladies, 370, 371-character of her writings, 371, 372 German women, their taste for psychology, 372, 373 --Sybille, 373-380-female characters of Countess Hahn Hahn contrasted with those of Shakspere and Goethe, 380, 381-tendency to scepticism and an ideal VOL. VII. NO. XIV.

577

life among German women, 381, 382Gräfin Faustine, 382, 383- Countess Hahn Hahn's travels, 383-her description of young girls, 383, 384-good-breeding, 384, 385-the Countess's vanity, 385 -Anglomania, 386, 387-German national character, 387. Herat, seige of, 430.

Hervey, Rev. James, acccount of his conversion, 317 his death, 318-style of his writings, 318, 319. Hong-Kong, 399.

Howard, John, his three visits to Scotland, 67-results of his exertions in behalf of Scottish jails, 68.

Hume, David-Life and Correspondence of-Analysis of his character, 541-Scotland during the seventeenth century, 543 -birth and education of Hume, 545early compositions, 547-his own dissection of his mind and temper, 549-treatise of human nature, 550-his infidelity, 553-moral and political essays, 554his epistolary style, 555-candidate for the Chair of Ethics in the University of Edinburgh, 556 personal appearance, 557-goes to Paris with Lord Hertford, 558 his merits as a man of letters, 559 -merits of his History of England, 559. Hunt, Robert,-his improvements on the Talbotype, 467.

Hussey, Mr., his endeavours to account for the perturbations of Uranus, 209, 210. Huygens, his discovering the triple form of Saturn, 240, 241.

I

India, dogs of, 44-46. See Dogs. Indian Politicals, 420-Lord Metcalfe, 423 -political agents, 425-Wellington's opinion of them, 427-Russian intrigue in India, 429-Siege of Herat, 430 Lieutenant Pottinger in the Durbar of Kamran, 433-Sir William Macnaghten, 435 -Major Macgregor, 436- Mr. G. R. Clerk, 437,-province of Sinde, 438. Ireland, proposed measures for its improvement, 278-Poor Law in, 279-emigration from, 282. See Political Economy.

- Agrarian Outrages in, 505 - recent legislation the Poor Law, 507-Loansact, 509-sale of encumbered estates act, 509 forced sales, 511-reclamation of waste lands, 512-emigration, 513-civilizing effects of the works carried on by Government in the barony of Dukallow, 515, 516-banditti in 1821, 517_origin of the title Captain Rock, 519-effects upon the public mind, of a prophecy promising the triumphant establishment of the Roman Catholic Church in 1825, 519 -and Prince Hohenlohe's miracles, 519 -mysterious oaths, 520-rhymes of the Sons of Union, 521-testimonies of Sir M. Barrington, and Sir W. Petty as to

20

the causes of the disturbances, 522, 523no proper local agencies for the practical working of any measure for good, 524absenteeism, 524-Judge Foster's opinion on Middle-men, 526 savage life and wretched husbandry,527,528--the Crown and its tenants in Ballykilcline, 528— murder of Mr. Goring, 531-effect of transportation as a punishment, 532execution of criminals, 533-wake over the body, 533-murder of Mr. Prim, 534 -murder of Mr. Watson, 535-Spenser's view of the state of Ireland two centuries ago, 538.

Irons, William J., of Queen's College, Oxford, 15-his style and religious views, 17 -General design of his dissertation, 18. See Final Causes.

K

Karsten, Dr., his accelerating liquid in photography, 489.

L

Le Verrier, M., publication of his memoirs on the Theory of Uranus, 218-he does not assign a place to the New Planet till seven months after Mr. Adams had done so, 219-Mr. Airy's reception of his communications, 224, 225-kind of merit that belongs to him, 235.

Lorrequer, Harry, his works, 113. Lovat, Simon, Lord-time in which he lived, 72-his education at the University of Aberdeen, 73-his attempts to disenherit his cousin, 73, 74-he marries the dowager-peeress, 75-his manner of life, 76-his visit to France, 78, 79-takes refuge at Rotterdam, and afterwards in France, 80-escapes from France and arrives in Scotland, 81-litigations in order to secure the Lovat estates, 82, 83-his influence with the Highlanders, 84-life at Castle Dounie, 85-his intrigues and utter disregard of truth, 86, 87-his uncertainty which party to join, 88-his skill in lying, 89-his trial and execution, 91,

of European intercourse, 143-the cruelty of the French prejudiced them against all Europeans, ib.-results of missionary labour, 145-hostility of Government to the missionaries, 147-the Christians accused -the queen's resolution, 149-her letter to the missionaries, ib.-their reply, 150 -treatment of Christian books-the protomartyr, 141-Christians tried for witchcraft, 152- Madeira, ib.- persecutions there-Maria Joaquina condemned, 153 -attack on Miss Rutherford's house, 154 -Dr. Kalley's house attacked-his escape, 157-conduct of the British Consul, 158 -hundreds of native Christians fly for their lives, 160-early condition of Tahiti, 161-London Missionary Society send a mission there in 1795, ib.-its successEnglish and French testimonies, 163Jesuitism, ib.-French missionaries, 164 -their mode of conversion-conduct of Britain-Queen Pomare, 167 remarks on the conduct of France by Mr. Mark Wilkes, ib.

Marten's panoramic camera, 499.
Medical Missions, 419.
Medical Periodicals, 169.
Metcalfe, Lord, 423.

Moser's researches in photography, 502.

N.

Narrative of the Persecutions of the Christians in Madagascar. By J. J. Freeman and D. Johns, 137.

Natural Theology, defended by Professors Sedgwick and Powell, 15-definition of, 16 opinions of Mr. Irons on, 18, 19— Natural Evidence of Theology maintained, 27, 28. New Planet.

Discovery of its supposed

place in the heavens by Mr. Adams, 213217-M. Le Verrier, discovers it seven months later, but is the first to publish it, 217-221-researches after, by Professor Challis, 222-224-Mr. Airy's reception of M.LeVerrier's communications regarding, 224, 225-Discovery of by Dr. Galle, 227 -M. Arago names it Le Verrier, 228— arguments in favour of Mr. Adams' being the original discoverer, 235-244-is named Neptune, 245.

Madagascar, Past and Present, 137. Madeira, or the Spirit of Antichrist in 1846, &c. By J. Roddam Tate, R.N., 137. Madagascar, Madeira, Tahiti, 137-why considered in connection with one another, 137-the inhabitants of Madagascar are of varied origin, 138-the negro race-the Hovas-form of Government, 139-the natives nearly barbarous sunk in idolatry-their passion for infanticide, 140-the present sovereign a woman of great wickedness, 141-their religion, 142-effect

331-his" Cardiphonia," 332. Niepcé, M. N., and M. I.,-their discoveries in photography, 482, 485. Norfolk, educational contrast between and Haddington, 54, 55.

Notes on the Inhalation of Sulphuric Ether, in the practice of Midwifery. By J. Y. Simpson, 169.

P

Painless operations in Surgery, 169-this subject interesting to all, 169-former attempts at etherization, 171-pneumatic medicine, 172-Dr. Pearson-Nysten,

173 sulphuric ether has long been used, 174-history of the discovery, 175-Mr. Liston's letter to Professor Miller, 176— promulgation of the discovery in Scotland, 177-Mr. Horace Wells' claim, 178-Sir Humphry Davy's, 179-America must have the credit of the first announcement of etherization, 180-effects of ether, 181-very various, 182-the dream of ether, 183-resemblance to intoxication, 185-examples, 186-duration of effects, 187-mode of administration, 189-tolerance of ether, 191-possible bad effects of ether, 192-its risks, 195-precautions in its use, 197-its advantages, 198-its use in midwifery, 201-its use to the lower animals, 205-the duty of investigating its properties, and of acknowledging from whom is the gift, 206.

--

Parker, Mr. Theodore, 356. See De Wette. Petty, Sir W., his testimony as to the cause of the outrages in Ireland, 522, 523. Photography the art of drawing by the agency of light, 465-approximation to the invention by Mr. Wedgewood, and Sir Humphry Davy, 467-discoveries by Mr. Talbot, 469- experiments by Mr. Reade, 470-Mr. Talbot's double process, 471 single process described, 473. different forms of photography, 474improvements on Mr. Talbot's process, 475 supposed improvements, 477-plagiarism by M. Blanquart-Evrard, 478, 479-superiority of Mr. Talbot's process, 479-defects of photography, 480-improvements in positive Talbotypes, 481history of the Daguerreotype, 482, 484Niepcé and Daguerre liberally rewarded by the French Government, 484, 485— Daguerre's process, 486-improvements by M. Claudet, 487, 488 - Dr. Karsten's accelerating liquid, 489-photoge nic focus, 490-reversion of picture, 490 -gilding and electrotyping, 491-etching of Daguerreotypes, 492-influence of colours, 493-Dr. Draper's researches, 494 -opposite actions in the spectrum, 495—recent discoveries by M. Claudet, 496— experiments by Hunt, Karsten, and Knorr, 497-Fizeau, 498-Marten's panoramic camera, 499-importance of the art, 500 -invisible images in solid and fluid surfaces, 501-Moser's researches, 502-extensive application of the art, 503-value in the arts, 504.

Political agents in India, 420. Political economy of a famine, 247-Political economy, definition of, 247-falsely accused, 248, 249-political economy of a general famine, 250-Rise of prices in seasons of scarcity explained, 250-ultimate good resulting therefrom, 251-fluctuation in prices exceeds fluctuation in quantity, 252-difficulty of combination among dealers our great security, 253

579

impossibility of competition and bad effects of monopoly in the remote parts of Scotland and Ireland, 254, 255-means of .purchasing as necessary as supplies of food, 255-the present visitation a local famine, 256-preservation of human life the paramount object, 257-extent of death from starvation, 257, 258—difference between the famine of 1801 and that of 1847,258,259_equalization of pressure effected in some measure by spontaneous benevolence, 260, 261-interference of Government necessary, 261, 262-Stoppage of distilleries, 262, 263--increase of purchasing power raises prices of food, and tends to equalize the pressure of famine, 264, 265-argument in favour of distilleries, 266-double benefit resulting from high prices in times of scarcity, 267, 268-public measures and private benevolence for relief of famine in France, 369, 270-food, and means of purchasing it in the country, 271-Sir R. Peel's proposal of a direct taxation, 272-effect of direct taxation on trade, 273-resources of a nation within itself, 274--a direct taxation recommended for the improvement of Ireland and the Highlands, 275 -its effect on the higher classes, 276consumption the great end of production, 277-means by which an improvement in the state of Ireland must be carried out, 278-effect of the new poor law in Scotland, 279-Irish poor law, 279-necessity of special measures for the present exigency, 280-Parliamentary Commission, 280-what the character and objects of its members ought to be, 281importance of the present opportunity, 282-commission on the State of Landed Property in Ireland, 282-emigration from Ireland, 282-importance of an economical Survey of Ireland, 283-impolicy of a New Poor Law at this time, 284 -necessity for its amendment, 285-proposed commission, greatness of means required by it, 285-its great object, 286— answer to the question, Why there should be such numerous deaths by starvation, while there is such abundance of means? 286, 287-Relief Committees, 288-importance of co-operation with Landholders, 288-benefits which may result from Ireland's present calamity, 289inefficiency of the Relief Committees, 290-Duty of Landed Proprietors, 290. Poor Law in Scotland and Ireland, 279_of England, 285-288. See Political Economy. Poor-Law Act for Ireland, 507. Popular Serial Literature. Punch and the Churchman's Monthly Magazine, 110, 111-reason for reviewing works that are not yet complete, 112-the Knight of Gwynne-Charles O'Malley, 113-the author of the Pickwick Papers, 114-the

Battle of Life, 114-116-Dombey & Son, 116-Florence Dombey, 117-Christopher Tadpole, 117-119-Vanity Fair, 119, 120-contributors to Punch characterized, 120, 121-Comic History of England, 122-Knight's Volumes and Chambers's Tracts, 123, 124-Coleridge's account of Prudence, 124, 125-The Commissioner-description of a fox-hunt, 126128-London by moonlight, 128, 129duelling, 129, 130-Fitzurse murdered by a maniac, 131-closing scene of Lord Outrun, 132, 133-Comment by Punch on Mr. M'Neile's petition to the Queen, 134 -the Old Year and the New Year, 136. Pottinger, Lieutenant, in the Durbar of Kamran, 433.

Priority of Discovery and Priority of Publication, relative value of, 233-244-dangers of premature publication, 235-236— Patent laws of Europe, 237, 238.

R

railway terminus in Glasgow, 65-miserable condition of prisons in the last century, 66-Howard's three visits to Scotland, 67-improvements effected by him, 68-neglect of physical training, 69lessons that may be learned from the English, 70-danger of procrastination, 71. Swainson, Mr. See Dogs.

T.

Talbot and Talbotype. See Photography. Tate, J. R. See Madeira. Tahiti a Review of the Origin, Character, and Progress of French Roman Catholic Efforts for the destruction of English Protestant Missions in the South Seas. By Mark Wilkes, 137.

Taylor, Bishop Jeremy, his birth and early education 294, 295-residence in Wales, 295 his death and character, 297, 298— observations on his works, 298, 299. Tea, cultivation of, 404, 405. Thornton's History of British India, 420.

Reclamation of waste lands in Ireland, 512. Religions of the World, Maurice's-Legacy of the Honourable Robert Boyle, 299, 300 -Mahometanism, 301, 302 Christianity, 302, 303.

Rice, cultivation of, 401, 402.
Romaine, Rev. William, 328, 329.
Russian intrigues in India, 429.

S.

Sale of encumbered estates in Ireland act, 509.

Scottish History, crisis in, from 1700 to 1705, 77, 78.

Simeon, Rev. Charles, his conversion, 333is the means of extensive usefulness in the Church, 334, 335-his solicitude for the Jews, 330.

Simpson, J. Y. See Notes, &c.
Sinde, Province of, 438.

Smith, Albert, his close imitation of Dickens, 118, 119,

Spenser's view of the state of Ireland two centuries ago, 538. State of Scottish Towns-Condition of Glasgow, 55, 56-contrast between the cottiers of Scotland and Wales, 57, 58-great disregard of cleanliness among the poor of Scottish towns, 58, 59-introduction of daylight the first step towards improving the dwellings of the poor, 59, 60-intimate connection between filth and fever, 61immense loss annually sustained by the prevalence of fever, 62-fever bill of Glasgow for five years, 63-necessity for some immediate and effective measure, 64

and Mr. Dickens' works, 119, 120-address to him as the representative of Punch, 120-122.

Toplady, Rev. Augustus, his writings, 321-
-his preaching and early death, 322.
Treatise on the Inhalation of Ether.
J. Robinson, Surgeon-Dentist, 169.

U

By.

Union, effects of the, on the religion and politics of Scotland, 542-545.

Uranus, discrepancies between its observed and calculated places, 209.

V

Venn, Rev. Henry, his eminent piety and usefulness, 327, 328.

W

Walker, Rev Samuel, means of his conver

sion, 319, 320-fruits of his ministry, 320. Wedgewood, Thomas, his approximation to the discovery of photography, 467. Wellington's opinion of political agents in India, 427.

Wesley, Rev. John, contrast between and Whitefield, 313, 314-his piety and generosity, 315-his activity, 316. Whewell, Professor, his opinion of the study of final causes, 5. See Final Causes. Whitefield, Rev. George, his college life, 310-his ordination and zeal in his work, 311-style of his preaching 312, 313. Wilkes, Mark. See Tahiti. Wolves, their resemblance to dogs, 36. See Dogs.