so vital to the theory of transmutation was gratuitously assumed by its advocate."1
4. In Lyell's Antiquity of Man, first edition, quoted frequently by Dr. Hodge, and published in 1863, the five concluding chapters, occupying one hundred and twenty-five octavo pages, are devoted to an appreciative statement of Darwin's views, with no adverse comments, and with evident attempt to smooth the way for its reception.
5. In the tenth edition of the Principles which was published four years before the second volume of Dr. Hodge's Theology, Lyell unequivocally adopts the Darwinian theory in all its essentials.
After having referred with approval to some of the Duke of Argyll's criticisms on the "Origin of Species," Lyell proceeds as follows: "The author, however, of the Reign of Law,' has by no means argued, like the majority of Mr. Darwin's opponents, as if nothing had been gained by the theory of natural selection, merely because this principle may have had functions assigned to it far higher than it can possibly discharge. The real question at issue- that on which the Origin of Species' has thrown so much light is the same as that discussed by us in the last ten chapters. It is not whether we can explain the creation of species, but whether species have been introduced into the world, one after the other, in the form of new varieties of antecedent organisms, and in the way of ordinary generation; or have been called into being by some other agency, such as the direct intervention of the First Cause. Was Lamarck right, assuming progressive development to be true, in supposing that the changes of the organic world may have been effected by the gradual and insensible modification of older pre-existing forms? Mr. Darwin, without absolutely proving this, has made it appear in the highest degree probable, by an appeal to many distinct and independent classes of phenomena in natural history and geology, but principally by showing the manner in which a multitude of new and competing varieties are always made to survive in the struggle for life. The tenor of his reasoning is not to be gainsayed by affirming that the causes or processes which bring about the improvement or differentiation of organs, and the general advance of the organic world from the simpler to the more complex remain as inscrutable to us as ever. When first the doctrine of the origin of species by transmutation was proposed, it was objected that such a theory substituted a material, self-adjusting machinery for a Supreme Creative Intelligence. But the more the idea of a slow and insensible change from lower to higher organisms, brought about in the course of millions of generations according to a preconceived plan, has become familiar to men's minds, the more conscious they have become that the amount of power, wisdom, design, or forethought required for such a gradual evolution of life, is as great as that which is implied by a multitude
1 Principles of Geology (10th ed.), pp. 251, 252.
of the Russian church, 548; Ro- man Catholic doctrine, 550; Lu- theran view, 551; doctrine of the church of England, 554; Presby- terian view, 557; Congregational view, 558; John Robinson, 559; Thomas Shepard, 561; Cambridge Platform, 562; Half-Way Cove- nant, 563; Cotton Mather and Dr. Bellamy, 565; Samuel Hopkins, 566; Dr. Wardlaw, 567; Josiah Hopkins, 568; the Andover Creed, 570; Pres. N. A. Stearns, 570; Dr. L. Woods, 571; E. B. Foster, L. Griggs, Dr. N. Adams, 572; Dr. Pond, 573; Pres. Noah Porter, 574; R. W. Dale, 574; Campbellite view, 575.
Bellew's From the Indus to the Tigris, noticed, 588.
Bissell's Historic Origin of the Bible. noticed. 197.
Böhringer's, F., Athanasius and
Arius, noticed, 774.
Book Rarities at Washington, arti- cle on, by Frederic Vinton, 97; the life of a librarian one of drudg ery mingled with pleasure, 97; al- lusion to Audiffreddi, 97; books once owned by eminent men or belonging to celebrated collections often found in large libraries, 98; book once owned by De Tuou, 100; by Pastoret, 101; a copy of Pindar owned by Jean Benoit, 104; one of Cardinal Cajetan's, 105; a Latin Manuscript of the Bible, 107; the editio princeps of Aristotle, 109.
Bunnett's Central Asia and the An- glo-Russian Frontier, noticed, 591. Burke, Edmund, article on, 507. Burrage, Rev. H. S., article by,
693; the king of sacrifices, 693; its significance, 694; the fundamental idea of sacrifices among the Hin- doos, 696; the bloody and blood- less sacrifices, 696; the cosmical character of Hindoo sacrifices, 698; the sacrifice of the horse and the ox, 700; Egyptian sacrifices, 701; their principal sacrifice, 702; its significance, 703; the sacrifice of the ram, 705; of the swine, 706; the cosmical character of Egyp- tian sacrifices, 707; sacrifice of Typhonic animals, 708; use of the blood, 709; sacrifices in Central and Hither Asia, 710; the religious ideas prevalent here, 710; vege- table offerings most in use, 710; sacrifices offered to the sun, 711; human sacrifices, 713; the funda- mental idea of sacrifices in the view of these nations, 714; Chinese sac- rifices, 715; those offered by the Emperor, 715; sacrifice offered at the opening of spring, 716; Grecian sacrifices, 716; views of the nature of the gods among the Greeks and Romans, 717; the principle that like delights in like, 718; the sac- rifice to Jupiter at Athens, 720; its origin and significance, 721; the idea of guilt in this sacrifice, 723; Roman sacrifices, the Fordi- cidia, 723; that of swine, 723; sacrifices among the Germans and the Northmen, 724; results of this discussion, the blood the chief element in the sacrifice, 725; the blood the seat of life, 725; mean- ing of the word atonement, 726; relation of the sacrifice to the sacrificer and to the divinity,728; contrast with Mosaic sacrifices, 729. Correspondence, 177. Cox's Expositor's Note Book,noticed,
D. Delitzsch, Dr. Franz, article trans- lated, 528.
Deutsch's, Emanuel, Literary Re- mains, noticed, 783. Divine and Human. Union of, in Christ, article on, 615. Duncker's, Max, Ancient History, noticed, 775.
E. Edmund Burke, article on, by George Shepard, D. D., 507; birth and early training, 507; studies for the bar, 508; his treatise on the sub- lime and beautiful, 509; joins the Rockingham administration, 510; period of Lord North's premier- ship, 511; impeachment of Warren Hastings, 512; withdraws from parliament in 1794, 515; his death, 515; his person and character, 516; family affections, 516; im- agination and knowledge, 517; cast of his mind, 517; remarkable as a writer and speaker, 518; in- troduces a new era in oratory and in writing, 519; features of his oratory, 520; his power over facts, 522; not in the highest sense an orator, 523; his unmatched power as a writer, 525. Exegesis of Acts xxvi. 28, 29, article,
by Rev. Henry S. Burrage, 401; Agrippa generally taken to be set forth in this passage as almost a Christian, 402; this view generally taken by commentators, 403; al- most not the proper rendering of èv òxíyw, 404; what is the proper rendering? 405; question whether the phrase should have a temporal or a quantitative sense, 407; the meaning of Agrippa in his address to Paul, 408; was he in jest? 408; did he mean to speak scornfu ly? 408; Paul's reply to Agrippa, 409; Paul's reply in harmony with his own character, 407; in harmony with his missionary spirit, 411; Agrippa known to be in need of salvation, 411; the gospel known to be an adequate means of salva- tion, 411; the passage when prop- erly explained pregnant with in- struction to rejectors of the gos- pel, 413; the proper attitude to- wards such by the preacher of the gospel, 414.
Faith, the Basis of Science, article on, 74.
Fischer's, Kuno, History of Philos- ophy, noticed, 182. Foundations of Theology Sure, The, article on, by Thomas Hill, D.D., VOL. XXXI. No. 124.
209; instinctive desires and aver- sions the ground of our belief in the existence of certain outward objects, 209; this true of our relig- ious sentiments, 210; these senti- ments not a mere awe of the un- knowable, 211; the sentiments of awe and reverence make us cer- tain of the existence of God, 212; man ever yearns for the infinite, 213; a difficulty in regard to the the reflex action of the brain upon mind, 215; in the case of vision or hearing, 215; the existence of the idea of perfection a proof of a per- fect Creator, 215; an image of perfection not possible, 216; the longing for communion with God, 216; objections against religious knowledge drawn from the rela- tivity of knowledge, 217; knowl- edge consists either of self-evident truths or truths connected with them, 217; our intuitions give us truth, 218; God made up of attri- butes seen in ourselves and infi- nitely expanded, 219; the first cause not wholly inscrutable, 220; Herbert Spencer's assertion that the ultimate cause is without the necessity of planning and contriv- ing, 221; the outcry against teleo- logical arguments arises from a con- fusion of thought, 223; the objec- tion that we know not the relation of things but the relation of rela- tions, 223; all observed relations only relations of finites, 224; all finite things the effects of a cause, 224; the first cause related to all its effects, 225; the apparent blend- ing of the two parts of human nature into one series of functions and faculties, 226; the unorgan- ized clod is not thinking and feel- ing, 227; the ultimate cause nec- essarily spiritual. 228; the free- dom of the human will implied in moral distinctions, 229; Spencer's first argument against the free- dom of the will, that fixed laws ad- mit no choice, 229; his second argument, 230; the third, that man being free would interfere with the beneficent purposes of the Creator, 231.
G. Galilee in the Time of Christ, article on, by Rev. Selah Merrill, 29; general ignorance in regard to Galilee, 29; government of the country from B.C. 47 to A.D. 66, 32; on the names "Galilee" and "Galilee of the Gentiles," 34; ex- tent of Galilee and population to a square mile, 34; fertility and richness of Galilee, 37; the coun- try greatly favored by nature, 39; the waters of Galilee, 41; Plain of Gennesareth, 44; agricultural productions and manufactures, 45; oil, 45; certain places noted for particular productions or man- ufactures, 47; fisheries of the Sea of Galilee, 49; the Sea of Galilee a focus of life and activity, 51; noted cities and towns of Galilee, 52; correctness of Josephus' state- ment as to the number of towns and inhabitants probably correct, 58; the Galileans a thoroughly Jewish people, 62; an agricultural people, 64; patriotic and coura- geous, 65; their ancestors eminent for bravery, 69; great respect for law and order, 70. Religion, edu- cation, and morals among the Gal- ileans, 235; the Galileans equally zealous for the Mosaic religion with the people of the south, 241; the development of the poetical talent among the Galileans, 243; prophets, judges, and other famous men of Galilee, 244; wealth and material prosperity of Galilee, 247; contempt felt for Galilee in Judea, 251; on account of the dialect of the people, 253; a feel- ing of superiority on the part of the Judeans, 256; character and probable size of Nazareth, 258; origin of the name, 259; the seclusion of Nazareth, 261; adap- tation of Galilee for the first re- ception of Christ and his apostles, 263.
Gardiner, F., D.D., article by, 416. "General Philosophy" of Herbert Spencer, The, article on, by M. Stuart Phelps, Ph.D., 659; phi- losophy presupposes certain pri- mary data, 660; three tests of the
validity of these, 660; consistency the only test distinctly formulated, 661; Spencer assumes the existence of thought, 662; his assumptions in regard to the nature of thought, 662; assumes the existence of free- will, 663; fundamental intuitions assumed concerning the mode and laws of thought, 665; as to the mode of thought, 665; as to the conditions of thought, 666; assumes time and space as necessary forms of intuition, 666; his assumption of the law of cause and effect, 669; every relative must have its correlate, 670; the validity of mathematical axioms, 670; outline of the system which he presents, 671; postulates an absolute power, 671; is this power inconceivable ? 671; does it absorb the ego? 672; can it be in any way limited? 673; has it a real existence? 674; con- tradictions involved in Spencer's answers to this question, 675; ex- planation of these contradictions, 677; postulate of the existence of a material world, 678; Spencer's fundamental principle of the per- sistence of force, 678; the system of evolution destroys all proof of this law, 679; three interpretations of the law, 680; force must persist under manifestations, 680; the possible interpretations of this law, 681; the true interpretations of the law, 683; examination of the deductions drawn from the law, 684; relations among forces per- sist, 684; the indestructibility of matter, 686; rhythm a necessary characteristic of all motion, 687; the law of the continuous redistri- bution of matter and motion, 688; steps in the deductive proof of evolution, 689; general conclusion,
Goltz's, Prof., Fundamental Truths of Christianity, noticed, 378,
Greg's Enigmas of Life, noticed,
Greg's Literary and Social Judg- ments, noticed, 186. Guthrie's, Thomas, Autobiography, noticed, 397.
Halle, Letter from, 177. Hausrath's Religious Addresses and Meditations, noticed, 386. Hefele's, Dr. C. J., History of the Councils, noticed, 774. Heidelberg, Letter from, 177. Herbert Spencer's Religion, article on, by Prof. John W. Mears, 300; difference between his views and those of Mill, 300; of Sir William Hamilton, 301; Spencer's attempt at reconciliation of religion and science, 301; his own statement of his position, 302; ontology placed first in his speculations, 302; his religious idea, 303; a pure mono- theism always in existence, 304; not true that science should have the whole credit for the progress of religion from the lower to the higher stages, 304; Herbert Spencer the most religious of all men, 307; process by which he reaches ultimate religious ideas, 308; the first cause not an ultimate religious idea 309; Spencer's own account of the ultimate religious idea, 310; incorrectness of this ac- count, 311.
Hebrew Tense, The, article on, by
A. B. Rich, D.D., 115; Hebrew supposed at one time to have been the original human speech, 115; the language very ancient, 116; the tense a great difficulty in the study of Hebrew, 117; the idea of time in the abstract, 117; the tense called by some the imper- fect properly the future, 118; in harmony with the general analogy of the language, 118; the two tenses direct opposites in regard to time, as shown by the method in which the pronouns are used, 119; by the derivation of the im- perative from the second tense, 120; by a consideration of its use, 121; by its power over verbs con- nected with it by the copulative 1, 122; these two tenses corre- spond with our absolute past and future, 122; each of them capable of performing the office of a present, 122; capable also of be- ing used with still greater latitude
of signification, 125; the past may sometimes be used to denote a future action, 125; the absolute future sometimes used to designate a past act, 126; the wav consecu- tive preterite and future, 127; for- mation of the relative past tense, 128; the relative future tense, 132; recapitulation, 134.
Hervey's System of Christian Rhet- oric, noticed, 193.
Hill, Thomas, D.D., LL.D., articles by, 1, 209, 436, 593. Historical Illustrations of the Old Testament, article on, by Rev. George H. Whittemore, 159; al- lusion to Rawlinson's work with this title, 159; its object, 159; ac- count of the contents of the work, 160; the truth of the Bible con- firmed by its agreement with con- temporary history and tradition, 160; historical illustration impossi- ble for the first 2000 years, 161; verification of the tenth chapter of Genesis, 162; the biography of Abraham, 163; the two centuries embraced in the last four books of the Pentateuch, 165; Matthew Arnold's comment on the passage of the Red Sea, 166; the forty years in the wilderness, 168; the period from Moses to David, 168; the Kings and Chronicles, 169; the Assyrian captivity, 170; great worth of the work of Rawlinson,
History in Alphabets, article on, by Rev. John C. C. Clark, 333; Hieroglyphic alphabet, 335; Hier- atic, 335; Demotic, 335; Egyptian source of all alphabets, 336; com- mon Shemitic or Canaanite, 336; alphabets of Asia Minor, 337; Greek, Italian, and Spanish, 338; historical inferences, 338; Runic alphabet, 339; stenography, 339; small letters, 339; European from Roman letters, 340; European from Greek, 340; Meso-Gothic and Sclavic, 340; Coptic, Egyptian, Georgian, and Armenian, 341; Himyarite, 342; Ethiopic and Lybian, 343; Assyrian, Babylo- nian, Chaldaic, square and cursive, 344; square Aramaic and Hebrew,
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