ENGLISH LITERATURE.

PROFESSOR INGRAM.

1. Exhibit, in a tabular form, the members of the Teutonic [or Gothic] family of languages, according to their mutual relations.

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2. To what stages in the history of our language do the following works belong:-"The Ormulum;" The Vision of Piers Ploughman ;" "The Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester;" "The Brut of Layamon;" "Mandeville's Travels ?"

3. Dean Alford says, "neighbour has come from the German nachbar." Criticize this statement.

4. Archbishop Trench, speaking of the English alphabet, says: “It is not to be denied that it has more letters than one to express one and the same sound, that it has only one letter to express two or three sounds, that it has sounds which are only capable of being expressed at all by awkward and roundabout expedients." Exhibit in detail the faults of the English alphabet, arranging your remarks with relation to the three heads

here mentioned.

5. Give the derivations of the following words :-Blame, caitiff, friar, guild, limner, minstrel, pheasant, spice, stereoscope, wicked.

6. Render the following passages of Chaucer into modern English, and comment fully on any remarkable words or forms which occur in them :And sikerly she was of grete disport,

a.

b.

C.

And full plesant and amiable of port,
And peined hire to contrefeten chere
Of court, and ben estatelich of manere,
And to ben holden digne of reverence.
Of smale houndes hadde she, that she fedde
With rosted flesh, and milk, and wastel brede.
But sore wept she if on of hem were dede,
Or if men smote it with a yerde smert:
And all was conscience and tendre herte.

A shipman was there, woned fer by west:
For ought I wote, he was of Dertemouth.
He rode upon a rouncie, as he couthe...
Ful many a draught of win he hadde draw
From Burdeux ward, while that the chapman slepe.
Of nice conscience toke he no kepe.

If that he fought and hadde the higher hand,
By water he sent them home to every land.

But of his craft to reken well his tides

His stremes and his strandes him besides,
His herberwe, his moone, and his lodemanage,
Ther was non swiche, from Hull unto Cartage.

Uprose our hoste, and was our aller cok,

And gaderd us togeder in a flok,
And forth we riden a litel more than pas
Unto the watering of Seint Thomas;
And there our hoste began his hors arest,
And saide; lordes, herkeneth if you list.

Ye wete your forword, and I it record.

If even-song and morwe-song accord,

Let see now who shall telle the first tale.

7. Write notes on the italicized words in the following quotations

a. "My litle sones, kepe ye you fro mawmetis." (Wiclif's Bible.) b. "Which hope as an ankir we have siker to the soule and sad." (Ib.) c. "And he sente him into his toun to feed swyn." (Ib.)

d. "These things must first come to pass; but the end is not by and

by."

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g. Bring the rathe primrose, that forsaken dies."

h. " Humility is a duty in great ones as well as in idiots."

i.

j.

"But [He] letteth the runagates continue in scarceness."
"If any

widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home and requite their parents."

8. Write a short essay "On the Rise of new Words."

Classics.

EURIPIDES.

MR. POOLE.

Translate all the following passages into English Prose :

oi

I. Beginning, αἰσχρὸν γάρ, οἱ μὲν θεσφάτων ἐλεύθεροι, κ. τ. λ.
Ending, πειρώμεναι τὸ λοιπὸν εὐτυχοῖεν ἄν.

2. Beginning, τριτάταν δέ νιν κλύω, κ. τ. λ. Ending, κρυπτὰ κοίτα λεχέων σῶν;

Phænissa, 999-1018.

Hippolytus, 135–154.

Iphig. in Aul., 1467–1486.

3. Beginning, ΙΦ. οὐκ ἐῶ στάζειν δάκρυ, κ. τ. λ. Ending, θέσφατ' ἐξαλείψω.

4. Beginning, ΧΟ. ἢ μὴ γενοίμαν, ἢ πατέρων ἀγαθῶν, κ. τ. λ. Ending, καὶ πόλει δύνασθαι.

Andromache, 766-789.

5. Beginning, ΒΟ. ἐπεὶ τὸν ἐσρέοντα διὰ Συμπληγάδων, κ. τ. λ. Ending, θηρᾶν τε τῷ θεῷ σφάγια τἀπιχώρια.

Iphig. in Taur., 260-280.

1. a. Write notes on diéλool Touro in the first passage; on the grammatical construction of first four lines, and of a¤úтwv πɛλávwv in the second passage; and on the construction of τὰν ἄνασσαν "Αρτεμιν in the third.

b. Notice the variations from Paley's readings in the second passage; state what is the proper name of the third passage as distinguished from a choral ode, and the metrical character of such passages.

2. State in what cases the subjunctive mood is admissible in dependent sentences; and in what classes of these sentences it is wholly excluded?

3. With what restrictions is the elision of a final vowel admissible; and in what words is it most frequent ?

4. How did Empedocles endeavour to explain away those circumstances connected with the Grecian Deities which offended man's moral sense?

5. State the allegorical theory of interpretation of the Grecian myths, and the supposed basis on which it rests: how does Grote oppose it?

6. Euripides appears to hesitate between different opinions as to what was expressed under the name Zeus. Paley points out some traces which occur of the views of Anaxagoras ?

7. Paley admits a defect in Euripides, as a writer, closely resembling one found in Livy ?

8. What play was produced by Euripides in the third year of the Peloponnesian war; and state the events taking place in Greece at that time?

9. Müller considers that the original metres of the dialogue were different in Tragedy and Comedy. What were they? And how do they point to the origin of the two classes of Dramatic compositions?

10. The Dramatic principle appears in direct connexion with religious worship among the Greeks?

PLAUTUS AND TERENCE.

MR. LONGFIELD.

Translate the following passages :—

1. Beginning, Megadorus. Pol vel legioni sat est.

Ending, Ego faxo et operam et vinum perdiderit simul.

Aulularia, act iii. sc. 6.

2. Beginning, Men. S. Ergo istuc quæro certum qui faciat mihi,. Ending, Viaticati hercle admodum æstive sumus.

Menæchmei, act ii. sc. 1.

3. Beginning, Geta. O vir fortis atque amicus: verum hoc sæpe,. Ending, Prior bibas; prior decumbas: cena dubia apponitur.

Phormio, act iii. sc. 1.

4. Beginning, Abiit hercle ille quidem. Ecquid audis, Lysiteles? Ending, Dedi, reposcam: ut habeam, mecum quod feram, viaticum. Trinumus, act iii. sc. 2.

d

5. Beginning, Sostrata. Non mea opera, neque pol culpa evenit. Ending, Ubi duxere inpulsu vostro, vostro inpulsu easdem exigunt. Hecyra, act ii. sc. 1.

1. Place in chronological order the Roman poets mentioned by Terence in his prologues, and give some account of what is known of the writings of each.

2. How is the Hellenism of Roman comedy to be accounted for?

3. From Terence's prologues it appears that three distinct charges were made against him by his opponents?

4. How does he treat the imputation of having received important assistance in his compositions from his noble friends? What circumstances tend to throw discredit on this charge?

5. Whence has it been inferred that in the extant plays of Terence we possess all that he wrote? Examine the passages in his prologues which seem opposed to this inference.

6. In what respect is the Amphitruo of Plautus unique? Mention the plays of Plautus which have been imitated by modern writers.

7. Write a note on the moral aspect of the Roman comedy.

8. "Acta ludis Romanis, L. Postumio Albino, L. Cornelio Merula, Edilibus Curulibus. Egere L. Ambivius Turpio, L. Atilius PrænestiModos fecit Flaccus Claudii, tibiis imparibus. Tota Græca Apollodoru Epidicazomenos. Facta est iv. C. Fannio, M. Valerio Coss." Didase. in Phormionem.

nus.

Write notes on the italicized words.

9. Define the term Synalopha. Is it used accurately by Bentley in the following passage of his Σχεδίασμα : “ Quin et ubi Synalophæ vis cessat, et vel vocalis quæpiam vel m finales non eliduntur, altera vocali eas accipiente, ne hoc quidem in licentiis ponas ?"

What rules does he lay down as to the occurrence of such cases as he nere refers to.

10. Mention the chief cases in which a change of metre in a scene is found to take place.

11. What peculiarities of Latin pronunciation are exemplified in the following lines:

"Profecto quanto magis magisque cogito.

'Scio; tu coactus tua voluntate es. Mane."
"Sed heus tu, vide sis ne quid imprudens ruas."
"Penuria est: homo antiqua virtute ac fide."

12. Give the derivations of the following words :-Sollicito, prolixus, ancilla, protervus, sobrinus, sonticus, delibutus, rursum, industria, cerritus, dapsilis, mortarium.

MR. GRAY.

Translate the following passage into Greek Prose:

What government can possibly be better than that of the very best man in the whole state? The counsels of such a man are like himself,

and so he governs the mass of the people to their hearts' content; while at the same time his measures against evil-doers are kept more secret than in other states. Contrariwise, in oligarchies, when men vie with each other in the service of the commonwealth, fierce enmities are apt to arise between man and man, each wishing to be leader, and to carry his own measures; whence violent quarrels come, which lead to open strife, often ending in bloodshed. Then monarchy is sure to follow; and this too shows how far that rule surpasses all others. Again, in a democracy, it is impossible but that there will be malpractices; these malpractices, however, do not lead to enmities, but to close friendships, which are formed among those engaged in them, who must hold well together to carry on their villanies. And so things go on until a man stands forth as champion of the commonalty, and puts down the evil-doers. Straightway the author of so great a service is admired by all, and from being admired soon comes to be appointed king: so that here, too, it is plain that monarchy is the best government. Lastly, to sum up all in a word, whence, I ask, was it that we got the freedom which we enjoy? Did democracy give it us, or oligarchy, or a monarch? As a single man recovered our freedom for us, my sentence is that we keep to the rule of one.—HERODOTUS, translated by Rawlinson.

Translate the following passage into Greek Trimeter Iambics :

My thoughts, I must confess, are turned on peace.
Already have our quarrels filled the world

With widows and with orphans: Scythia mourns
Our guilty wars, and earth's remotest regions
Lie half unpeopled by the feuds of Rome :
'Tis time to sheath the sword, and spare mankind.
It is not Cæsar, but the gods, my fathers,
The gods declare against us, and repel
Our vain attempts. To urge the foe to battle
(Prompted by blind revenge and wild despair),
Were to refuse the awards of Providence,
And not to rest in Heaven's determination.
Already have we shown our love to Rome,
Now let us show submission to the gods.
We took up arms, not to revenge ourselves,
But free the commonwealth; when this end fails,

Arms have no further use: our country's cause,

That drew our swords, now wrests 'em from our hands,
And bids us not delight in Roman blood,

Unprofitably shed; what men could do

Is done already: heaven and earth will witness,
If Rome must fall, that we are innocent.

ADDISON, Cato.

Translate the following passage into Latin Prose :—

The love of praise is a passion deeply fixed in the mind of every extraordinary person; and those who are most affected with it, seem most to partake of that particle of the Divinity which distinguishes mankind from