contact with other nations by which alone relevant facts can be fully developed and common sense methods adopted for the solution of questions of common interest. The American people
are a proud people. They will tolerate no leadership which will surrender an iota of their independence or sovereignty to any other nation or combination of nations. Such an action on the part of any of our representatives would be regarded as treason and dealt with accordingly."
Here, for time being, endeth the trail of a tradition. It threads straight through the romance of the United States. It is a continuous, unbroken highway from yesterday to now. The Fathers surveyed it for posterity. Sometimes it has been uncertain, traversing a doubtful fog. Sometimes it has wavered in a momentary maze. But always it has blazed on through-the more remarkable for these hazardous vicissitudes. It is solidly paved with the triumphant experiences of some seven generations. It is flanked by the blessings of the years. Upon it have marched the feet of the finest, surest statesmen whom it has been America's benediction to possess. They have bequeathed to us this unmortgaged right of way. Along its sovereign roadstead are the markers and the mile-stones to make safe and sure the journeys of tomorrow's pilgrims -except they be blind pilgrims, having eyes, yet seeing not. It is a rugged trail of hard-bought freedom. No toll-road, this-with unwelcome
and unbidden mercenaries making alien levies on our liberties and rights. It is a shining trail of honor the honor of a great self-determining democracy which has traversed it to righteous glory. Reckless adventurers with nought to cherish and nought to lose soldiers of doubtful political fortune for whom speculation is a trade-may leave this highway for the by-paths and the detours and the proscribed entanglements of international experiment. High-purposed theorists, scorning the admonitions of yesterday, may clothe their call to other roads in all the habiliments of an evangelical crusade. But this independent Nation of justly proud Americans will meddle with such vagary only at its peril. The trail of a tradition beckons to the safer, surer way. It has been tried by prophets, patriots and patriarchs. It is wrought of the rock whence we are hewn.
Beaumarchais, 7, 8; re-paid, 41 Bergen County, Washington's headquarters, 14 Berlin Decree, 157 Beveridge, Albert J., opinion of Madison, 166 Blaine, James G., 308
Borah, Senator, speech on pay- ment of French loans, 41; quoted, 81; League of Nations speech, 390
Bruce, Senator, quoted, 79 Bryan, William J., 351, 364 Buchanan, James, on Monroe Doctrine, 217; expatriation, 269; becomes President, 283 Burr, Aaron, 144
Canada, border troubles, 262 Canning, George, 168, 201, 204 Carranza, 344
Castle, W. R., Jr., quoted, xix "Chesapeake" affair, 160, 163, 168
Chile, "Baltimore" trouble, 310 China, neutrality under Buch- anan, 287; "open door" under Hay, 323
Clay, Henry, 179, 203, 254,
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 328 Cleveland, Grover, Venezuela in- cident, 223; becomes President, 306; talk with McKinley, 306; Panama Canal views, 328 Clinton, Sir Henry, 21, 26 Clinton, Governor, seizes French privateer, 100
Colombia, 329
Colorado, 268
Coolidge, Calvin, on Adams and Washington, 23; becomes Presi- dent, 396
Cornwallis, Lord, 26, 28 Crimean War, 281
Cuba, trouble under Fillmore, 276; under Grant, 291; punished for "Virginius' affair, 294; under Cleveland, 307; under McKinley, 317
Czar of Russia, mediates, 178
Dawes, Charles G., quoted, 398 Decatur, Stephen, quoted, xiii, 148
De Kalb, Baron, 6, 10
De Medici, Lorenzo, 149 Diaz, Porfirio, 343 "Dolphin" incident, 345 Drago Doctrine, 230
England, peace overtures, 20; protests ship captures, 96; orders in council, 110; Jay Treaty, 112; breaks peace of Amiens, 155; Fox blockade, 156; proposes to withdraw decrees, 168; War of 1812, 176; war ends, 179; arbitrations with America, 186; proposes joint warning to Holy Alliance, 200; gets Falkland Islands, 215; trouble over Venezuela, 222; intervenes in Franco-American debt dispute, 260; part in Mexi- can War, 268; Cuban proposal, 276; settles "Alabama Claims," 299; Cuban intervention re- jected, 319; World War decrees, 362; British votes in League of Nations, 382
Ernst, Christian, 271 Erskine, Minister, 168 Evarts, William M., 304 Expatriation, Doctrine of, 269 Explorers, Americar, 194
Fenian agitation, 273 Fillmore, Millard, becomes Presi- dent, 275; dealings with Kos- suth, 278
Fish, Hamilton, 298
France, Franco-British War, 3;
first colonial loans, 6: Treaty of Alliance, 9; work at York- town, 28; forces sent to aid America, 33; money aid, 40; French Revolution, 50; war with Europe, 53; dealings with Monroe, 117; X. Y. Z. Papers, 121; second Treaty, 127; breaks peace of Amiens, 155; Berlin Decrees, 157, in Mexico, 219; treaty settling revolutionary claims, 255; France settles, 260; Cuban proposal, 276
Franklin, Benjamin, 7; letter to Laurens, 38; opinion of France, 48; quoting Louis XVI, 82
Garfield, James A., becomes President, 305
Genêt, Citizen, arrives in America, 95; correspondence with Jeffer- son, 100; organizes sedition, 101; recall demanded, 104 Germany, trouble over Samoa, 308; World War, 356; War Decrees, 366
Ghent, Treaty of, xv, 179 Grant, U. S., on Monroe Doctrine,
220; becomes President, 291; settles "Alabama Claims," 295 Great Lakes, Anglo-American agreement, 186
Hamilton, Alexander, quoted, xiv; Harding's opinion of, XX; Hartford Conference, 13; letter seeking French aid, 15; at Yorktown, 29; fiscal policy, 41; clash with Jefferson on French policy, 54; Pacificus letters, 67; dealings with Genêt, 102; attacked for Jay Treaty, 112; Camillus letters, 115; recalled to army, 122; Talleyrand's opinion of, 127; Continentalist Papers, 128; fights Burr's in- trigue, 144; compared with Madison, 165; inspired Monroe Doctrine, 197; relations with Monroe, 198
Harding, Warren G., quoted, xx; Panama Canal, 330; becomes President, 392
Harrison, Benjamin,
President, 307; Panama Canal,
Harrison, William Henry, be- comes President, 262
Hawaii, early troubles, 275; under Cleveland, 307
Hay, John, 323, 328, 335 Hay-Herron Treaty, 329 Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, 328
Jackson, Andrew, young soldier, 21; presidential term, 255; demands French debt pay- ment, 258; given Harvard degree, 260
Jackson, James Francis, 169 Jay, John, sent to London, 111; Treaty, 112; opinion, 295 clash with Jefferson, Thomas, Hamilton on French policy, 55; on Franco-British neutral- ity, 62; dealings with Genêt, 102; political faiths, 143; first inaugural, 146; foreign policy fails, 162; retires, 165; anti- cipated Monroe Doctrine, 198 Johnson, Andrew, Fenian troubles, 273; becomes Presi- dent, 289
Jones, John Paul, 35
Kellogg, Frank B., 351 Kipling, Rudyard, opinion of Roosevelt, 335 Knox, P. C., 336, 380 Kossuth, Louis, 277
Lafayette, 8; "Lafayette we are here," 10; defense of Virginia, 27, 37; letter regarding French Revolution, 51; branded traitor, 82; imprisoned, 84
Lansing, Robert, 237, 347, 367 League of Nations, xix; in relation to Monroe Doctrine, 238; fore- shadowed, 366; analysed, 379; defeated, 391
Lenroot, Senator, quoted, 371 "Leopard" incident, 160 Lincoln,
Abraham, Mexican troubles, 219; becomes Presi- dent, 287; his Nationalism, 289
"Little Sarah" incident, IOI, 160
Lodge, Henry Cabot, quoted,
xiii; on Monroe Doctrine, 240; opinion of Roosevelt, 324; warns Wilson, 377; League speech, 384
Louis XVI, guillotined, 53; atti- tude toward America, 82 "Lusitania," 363
Madison, James, views on Franco- British neutrality, 67; becomes Secretary of State, 145; becomes President, 165; plays France and England against each other, 169; War of 1812 message, 172; anticipates Monroe Doc- trine, 198
Marion, Francis, 21, 27 Maximilian, executed, 221 McKinley, William, on expatria- tion, 274; becomes President, 313; pen, 321; Panama Canal, 328
McLemore Resolution, 365 Metternich, xiv
Mexico, Maximilian's empire, 218; trouble under Tyler, 263; Mexi- can War, 265; trouble under Hayes, 304; under Taft, 338; under Wilson, 342; World War involvement, 367 Milan Decree, 157 Monroe, James, sent to Paris, 109; duplicity, 117; friend of Jefferson, 145; negotiates at London, 158; relations with Hamilton, 193; promulgates Monroe Doctrine, 206
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