Gallus, nephew of Constantine, behead-
ed, i. 516

Gama, Vasco de, voyage of, ii. 492.
Games, public, of Greece, i. 65, 237.
Gassendi, principles of, ii. 487.
Gauls, customs of the, i. 22; their ir-
ruptions into Italy, 347; capture
Rome, 348; new war, 349; their
manners and laws, ii. 63, 64; super-
stitions, 34.

Gelimer, king of the Vandals in Africa,
ii. 24.

Gelon, king of Syracuse, i. 360.
Genghis Khan subdues the descend-
ants of Mahmoud in Hindostan, ii.

335.

Genoese and Venetians, power of the,
ii. 176.

Genucius, Roman tribune, i. 324, 331.
Genseric establishes the Vandal power
in Africa, ii. 18.

Gentoo race, the, ii. 336.

Geoffrey of Monmouth, ii. 169, 245.
George, elector of Hanover, becomes
king of England, ii. 462.

Georgia, in America, when settled, ii.
316.

Germany, governed by the descendants

of Charlemagne, ii. 86, 89; emperors
Lewis and Charles the Bald, 74, 88;
Charles le Gros, 90; Conrad, and
Henry the Fowler, 100; Otho of
Saxony, 100; Otho the Great, empe-
ror of the Romans, 100, 101; Otho II.,
Conrad, Henry III., succeed, 101,
102; Otho III., 123; quarrel be-
twixt the emperors and the popes,
127, 130; Henry IV., reign of, 127;
he is excommunicated, 127; Rodolph,
duke of Suabia, slain by Godfrey, 123:
Conrad, Henry V., and Frederick
Barbarossa, 129; Henry VI. gains
the kingdom of Naples and Sicily,
130; reign of his son Frederick II.,
151; interregnum, 152; rise of the
house of Hapsburgh, 176; Rodolph,
176; Henry VII. claims dominion
over Italy, 182; Lewis of Bavaria,
182; Charles IV., 182; the German
empire and Spanish monarchy under
Charles V., 278, 290; the thirty
years' war, 450, 453.
Gnostics, the, 11. 5.

Gods, heathen, Egypuan, Greek, and
Roman, i. 61.

Godfrey of Bouillon, king of Jerusalem,
ii. 123, 154 et seq.
Gondebald, expedition of the Burgun-
dian prince, 1. 39, 57.
Gonsalvo of Cordova, the general of

Gothic architecture, i. 228.

Goths, their conquests in the Roman
empire, ii. 13; their conquest of
Athens, 13; invasion of the Pelo-
ponnesus, 13; origin of the Celtic
and Gothic nations, 27; their man-
ners after the conquest of Italy, 37,

47.

Governments, origin and distinctions of,
i. 19.

Gower's poems, ii. 250.

Gracchi, sedition of the, i. 385, 423.
Gracchus, Sempronius, defeats the Car-
thaginians, i. 375.

Granicus, battle of the, i. 181.
Gratian, the emperor, ii. 8.
Greece, fabulous and early times of, i.
7, 51, 112; advantage of the Am-
phyctionic council, 57; savage tribes,
51, 58; civilization, 57; mythology,
60; games and contests, 65; pertec-
tion of the Hellenic language, 58;
antiquities and literature, 68; com-
putation of its history, 72; navigation,
and navies, 73; colonies in Asia Mi
nor, Sicily, Magna Græcia, el; com-
parison of Athens and Sparta, Jes;
high character above that of Persia,
137; renown in the age of Pericles,
142; luxury and concomitant decline,
168; liberty overthrown by king
Philip, 169, 176; popular cry for
liberty on the death of Alexander,
201; republics of Sparta and Athens,
214; influence of its philosophy and
arts upon its conqueror Rome, 212;
agriculture, 223; commerce not en-
couraged, 223; architecture, 225;
drama, 244, 251.

Greece, the Gothic invasion of, ii. 13.
Greek and Latin churches, their sepa
ration, ii. 95.

Gregory II., pope, ii. 182.

ii. 152.

IV.,

V.,

pope, ii. 87, 92.
pope, ii. 123.
VII., deposed, ii. 128.

IX., the pope, his arrogance

Guatimozin, the emperor of Mexico, ii
310, 311.

Guebres of Persia, i. 125; ii. 54.
Guelphs and Ghibellines, wars of the
ii. 151.

Gustashp, king of Bactriana, i. 121.
Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden
his wars with Ferdinand II. of Ger
many, ii. 451; killed at Lutzen, 451
Guise, the dukes of, ii. 362, 372.

Habeas Corpus Act, ii. 422, 431

Hamilcar Barcas, i. 371.

Hannibal, his alliance with Philip II.,
i. 210; account of this Carthaginian
leader, 359; he besieges Saguntum,
371; character by Livy, 371; cross-
es the Alps, 373; gains numerous
battles in Italy, 373; approaches
Rome, 374; indulges at Capua, 375;
is worsted by Fabius Cunctator and
Claudius Nero, 377; is routed at Za-
ma by Scipio Africanus, 377.
Hanno, voyage of, 1. 355.
Hapsburgh, Rodolph, count of, elected
emperor of Germany, ii. 175.
Harmodius and Aristogiton, i. 111.
Haroun Alraschid, the caliph, ü. 57, 99.
Helen, the fair Grecian, ii. 76.
Hellespont, bridge of Xerxes across the,
i. 131.

Helots of Laconia, slaves, i 95.
Helvetic republic, ii. 179.
Henry 1, king of England, ii. 135.

190.

203.

II., king of England, ii. 135;

III. of England, ii. 151, 1×4.
IV. of England, ii. 202; death,

V. of England, successful wars
in France, i. 201, 2 5.

VI. of England, ii. 215; marries
Margaret of Anjou, 223; opposed by
Richard, duke of York, origin of the
factions of the White and Red Roses,
221; defeat of Margaret, 225; the
king imprisoned, 225; his queen vic-
torious. 225; defeated at Towton,
225; Henry dethroned, 226; restor-
ed by the earl of Warwick, 225;
death of the earl, 226; death of
prince Edward, 227; the deposed
king is murdered by Richard of Glou-

cester, 227.

VII. defeats and slays king
Richard III, 22; his union with
the heiress of York, and his wise
government, 224,

---

II. of France, ii. 2-6, 372.
III of France, u. 376
IV. of France, ii. 377; guns
the battles of Arques and Ivry, 37~;
peace of Vervins, 379.

176.

182.

il, emperor of Germany, ii.

VII, emperor of Germany, ii.

of Transtamare usurps the king-
dom of Castile, u. 217.

Heptarchy, or Saxon Kingdoms in
Britain, ii. 19, 106.

Heracleida, return of the, i. 72, 80, 85.
Heraclius reigns at Constantinople, ii.

26.

Heraclitus, doctrines of, i. 266.
Herculaneum, paintings in, i. 233.
Hercules, history of, i. 79.

son of Alexander, i. 195; death
of, 204.

Herod the tetrarch, i. 492.
Herodotus, the history of, i. 252.
Heroes and demigods, i. 30.
Hesiod, poems of, i. 59, 241.
Hiero, king of Syracuse, i. 267.
Hieroglyphics, use of, i. 26, 29.
Hilderic dethroned by Gelimer the
Vandal, ii. 24.

Hindoos, account of the, ii. 333, 335.
Hipparchus, son of Pisistratus, i. 110
death, 111.

Hippias rules at Athens, i. 111; ex-

pelled, 111; repairs to Darius, 112,
127.

Hispaniola, or St. Domingo, ii. 305, 308.
Historians of Greece, account of the, i.

252.

History, Universal, the author's plan, i.
1 et seq..

History elucidated by tumuli, cairns,
stones, or columns, 1. 27.
Holbein, Hans, paintings of, ii. 324.
Homer, his perfection of language, i.
59, 65; poem ascribed to, 76, 235,
240.

Horace, opinion upon, i. 435.
Horatu and Cuirati, mortal contest of
the, 1204.

Horatius Cocles, heroism of, i. 311.
, Ronan consul, i. 338, 339.
Hottentots, drawings found in their

caves, i. 26.

Huguenots persecuted by Louis XIV.,
their churches destroyed, ii. 462.
Hungarians, their wars, ii. 190.
Huns, the, invade the Roman Empire
1. 13, under Attila, 18.
Huss, John, ii. 1-3, 203.

James I. of Scotland, his education
while detained a prisoner in England,
in 282, murdered in a convent near
Perth, 23. his poem of Christ
Kirk of the Green," 250,

I stabs Wiliam, earl of Doug.
las, n. 24; killed at the siege of
Roxburga by the bursting of a can
non, 255.

HII, his quarrels with his nobles,
i. 235, his death when flying from
his son, 233

IV, à 997; kuled in the battle
of Flodden, 27.

V, king of Scotland defeated by
the English, u. 247.

Japan discovered by the Portuguese, ii.
350; empire of, 350, 351.
Jason and the Argonauts, i. 69, 71.
Iceland, account of the writers of, ii.
28, 31.

Icilius, tribune of the Roman people, i.
329, 336.

Idolatry, its possible origin, i. 29.

John, king of France, taken prisoner by
the Black Prince, ii. 199.

king of England, ii. 145.
Cassimer, king of Poland, abdica-
tion, ii. 456.

of Austria, Don, defeats the Turks
at Lepanto, ii. 329.

duke of Braganza, king of Portu
gal, ii. 448.

VIII., pope, ii. 96.
XXII., the pope, ii. 182.
XXIII, the pope, ii. 1e3.

Ionia, i. 127.

Ionian cities, i. 81.

Jomsburgers, courage of the, ii. 31
Ionic dialect, i. 240.

Joseph, emperor of Germany, ii. 466.

335.

Jehoiakim, king, i. 114.
Jerome of Prague, ii. 184.
Jerusalem, conquest by Nebuchadnez-
zar, i. 115: it is besieged by the
Romans, 492; city and temple de-
stroyed by Titus, 492; it is rebuilt
under the name of Elia Capitolina,
497; the modern town is taken by
Abubeker, the caliph, ii. 54; the
Crusades under Richard Cœur de
Lion and Godfrey, king of Jerusalem,
144, 154; the city taken by the
Christians, 158.

Jews, their early history, i. 4.
Jewish laws, i. 22, 23.

Iliad, supposition respecting the, i. 62.
Inachus, i. 49.

India, or Hindostan, historical notice of,
ii. 333; Darius Hystaspes, i. 117; ii.
333; Álexander the Great, 334; au-
thority of Seleucus in India, 334; its
commerce possessed by the Egyp
tians, 334; the Mahometan invaders,
335; the Mogul empire, 335; Au-
rengzebe, 335; Tamerlane, 336; the
Gentoos or Hindoos, 336; religion of
Brama, 336; castes, 336; customs,
337; commerce of the ancients with,
334.

English empire in, established by
the East India Company of Mer-
chants, ii. 337.
Indus, the river, ii. 336.

Inheritance and division of estates, i.
24.

Innocent II., the pope, ii. 136.

III., the pope, receives from
John of England his kingdom, and
restores it, ii. 147, 174.

IV., the pope, ii. 175.

Joshua, wars of, i. 21.
Ipsus, battle of, i. 205.

Ireland, account of the nation, of its
princes, and its conquests by Henry
II. and Strongbow, earl of Pembroke,
ii. 141 et seq.; the Danes, 141; the
great rebellion, 404.

Irene, reign and exile of the empress,
ii. 72.

Ishmaelites, descended from Abraham
and Hagar, ii. 54.

Isis, i. 68.

Isis and Oziris, i. 18.

Isabella of Castile, her marriage with
Ferdinand of Arragon, ii. 215, 218.
Issus, battle of, i. 182.

Italian sect of philosophy, ii. 265.
Italy, kingdom of Odoacer the Heruli-
an, ii. 20; of Theodoric the Ostro-
goth, 22; Athalaric-Theodatus-
Belisarius takes Rome, 24; Totila
captures and rebuilds Rome, 25; gov-
erned by Narses, 25; kingdom of the
Lombards, 60, 72; Charlemagne,
emperor of Rome, 73; Bernard, king
of Italy, 74; Louis and Lotharius,
emperors of the West, 86, 89; Ar-
nold, or Arnulf, 99; Lewis is suc
ceeded by the emperor Conrad, 100
(for the emperors, ride Germany);
Otho the Great deposes pope John
XII., 101; state of Rome, 153; cities
of Genoa, Venice, and Pisa, 166;
state of Italy, 214; invasions of the
French, 215.

Juba, king of Mauritania, i. 411, 412.
Judea, Nebuchadnezzar's conquest of,
i. 412.

Jugurtha, wars of, i. 389.

Julian the apostate, i. 517; ii. 7.
Julius II., pope, ii. 221, 253, 300, 492.

218.

206, 351.

Justin, reign of, ii. 25.

Justinian, character of, ii. 24; his wars
in Italy, 24, 25; his code and pan-
dects, 43

Magi of Persia, i. 122.
Magna Charta, ii. 148, 187.
Magnentius assassinates the emperor
Constans, i. 516.

Mahinoud, a Tartar, conquers a part of
India, ii. 335.

Mahomet, religion of, i. 12; ii. 50, 54;
precepts and laws, 51; his posterity,
the Abasside, 55; splendor and
power of the Mussulmans, 26, 55;
the Mahometan religion spreads
throughout India, 98; the Mahome-
tan rule in the peninsula of India,
335; the Mogul emperors, 335.

II., Sultan, takes Constantino-

ple, ii. 210 et seq.

III., ii. 330.

IV., Sultan, ii. 459.

Mahrattas, the, of the Indian peninsula,
ii. 336.

Mairan, M. de, writings of, ii. 352.
Malcolm III., king of Scotland, ii. 188.
Malplaquet, battle of, ii. 467.
Manfred, ii. 173.
Manichees, the, i. 124.
Manlius, Titus, i. 353.

Mantinea, war with Tegea, i. 166; bat-
tle of, 167.

Marathon, defeat of the Persians at, i.
129.

Marcellus takes Syracuse, i. 377.
Marcianus, reign of, ii. 18.
Mardonius, command and death of, i.
123, 136.

Marius, varied fortunes of the consul,
i. 390, 392, 394.

Marlborough, duke of, ii. 464; victories
of Blenheim and Ramillies, 465; Mal-
plaquet, 467.

Margaret, queen of Henry VI., her
spirited conduct, ii. 224.

daughter of Henry VII. mar-
ried to James, king of Scotland, ii.
237.

Marian islands discovered by Magellan,
ii. 59.

Marriage, and early institution of civili-
zation, i. 22; customs regarding it,
23, 94.

Marriages of the Romans, i. 340.
Marseilles, Druidical grove near, ii. 34.
Martial, epigrammatist, i. 436.
Martin V., pope, ii. 183.
Mary I., persecutions of, ii. 302.

II. and William, ii. 425.
—, queen of Scots, and wife of Fran-
cis II., king of France, claims the
English crown, ii. 382; her marriage
with lord Darnley, 385; is prisoner
in the castle of Lochleven, 357; her
abdication, 3-9; she escapes from
prison, defeat at Langside and flight
to England, 389; imprisonment at
Fotheringay by Elizabeth, 390; she
is beheaded, 391.

Maryland settled, ii. 316.
Massinissa, Numidian king, i. 382, 389
Matthias, emperor of Germany, ii. 450
Maxentius, son of Maximian, wars and
rivalship with Constantine, i. 50s.
Maximilian Sforza, duke of Milan, ii.
222.

I. of Germany, ii. 215, 287.
II., emperor of Germany,
ii. 450.
Maximian, government of, i. 507; he
abdicates but resumes the empire
508.
Mazarin, administration of Cardinal, it
453; death of, 457.

Medals, their utility and beauty, i. 28.
Medes, their first king, i. 21, 119.
Media, i. 114.

Medici, family of the, ii. 214.
Cosmo de', ii. 214.
Peter de', ii. 215.

Medicis, Alexander of, ii. 292.

Mary of, Regent of France, ii.
442; imprisoned in the castle of
Blois, 443.

Catharine of, ii. 373.
Megabyzes, the Persian, i. 141.
Mehegan, "Tableau de l'Histoire Uni-
verselle," i. 4.

Memphis, Thebes, Thin, and Tanis,
governments of ancient Egypt, i. 18.
Menelaus, i. 76, 84.

Menennius, Roman consul, i. 330.
Menes, Oziris, or Misraim, i. 18.
Mentor, the Rhodian, i. 176.

Merovius and the Merovingian race of
kings, ii. 56.

Messene, history of, i. 109, 164.
Metellus defeats the Achmeans, i. 211;

triumphs in Sicily, 369; in Africa, 390.
Mexico, the capital described, ii. 309;
conquest of the empire, 309, picture
writing of, i. 26.

Michael, the emperor, ii. 95.
Miletus founded, i. 81.
Military art, the, i. 74, 77, 96.
Millot," Elemens de l'Histoire Génér-
ale," i. 4.

Miltiades, actions of, i. 129; death, 130.
Milton, English epic poet, ii. 493.
Minorca and Sardinia taken by the Eng-
lish, ii. 466.

Minos, king of Crete, i. 90.
Mirandola, siege of, ii. 222.
Mithridates, wars of, i. 212, 392, 396;
death of, 397.

Mogul dynasty in India, ii. 336,
Mohammed Gori rules at Benares in
Hindostan, ii. 335,
Monarchies, the first, i. 20.
Monasteries, abolition of them in Eng
land, ii. 301.

Monastic institutions, rise of, ii. 82-86

94.

Money, iron, at Sparta, i. 92.