Return to the River: Restoring Salmon Back to the Columbia RiverRichard N. Williams Elsevier, 21 нояб. 2005 г. - Всего страниц: 720 Return to the River will describe a new ecosystem-based approach to the restoration of salmon and steelhead populations in the Columbia River, once one of the most productive river basins for anadromous salmonids on the west coast of North America. The approach of this work has broad applicability to all recovery efforts throughout the northern hemisphere and general applicability to fisheries and aquatic restoration efforts throughout the world. The Pacific Northwest is now embroiled in a major public policy debate over the management and restoration of Pacific salmon. The outcome of the debate has the potential to affect major segments of the region's economy - river transportation, hydroelectric production, irrigated agriculture, urban growth, commercial and sport fisheries, etc. This debate, centered as it is on the salmon in all the rivers, has created a huge demand for information. The book will be a powerful addition to that debate.
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... mainstem dams (Chapter 6), and second, by development of artificial production (hatcheries) on a massive scale to replace spawning and rearing habitat in the mainstem river and tributaries (Chapter 8). The era of Columbia River dam ...
... mainstem habitat that provided spawning for large numbers of Chinook salmon and other species. Overall, productive mainstem spawning areas in the Columbia Basin have been reduced to 6 percent of the original area as a result of dam ...
... mainstem Columbia River (i.e., downstream from Chief Joseph Dam, the upstream point of current accessibility in the Columbia River), and their accessible tributaries (Figure 1.6). These actions include modification of mainstem dam ...
... mainstem Snake and Columbia 2 Rivers primarily as an outmigration corridor linking tributary and marine areas. 5c. Survival of yearling juvenile emigrants is inversely related to the amount of 3 time they spend in the impounded sections ...
... However, it is the hydropower system—the large number of dams in the mainstem and tributaries—that is the obvious and pervasive alteration of the salmonid ecosystem in the Columbia Basin (Figures 2.3 and 2.4). An. 42 Lichatowich et al.
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Return to the River: Restoring Salmon to the Columbia River Richard Nicholas Williams Недоступно для просмотра - 2006 |