a most humorous parody on the King's fpeech; and a large and valuable tract, entitled, "An Account of the Growth of Popery and arbitrary Power in England," first printed at Amfterdam, in 1677.

In the fecond volume we have the celebrated "Rehearsal Tranfprofed; or, Animadverfions on a late Book,' &c. This performance fills no fewer than 522 pages; and is full of wit, humour, and argument. There is alfo in this fecond volume, another profe tract, relative to the politics of the times, and entitled, "A feafonable Queftion, &c." And the volume clofes with "A feafonable Argument to perfuade all the Grand Juries in England to petition for a new 'Parliament; or, a Lift of the principal Labourers in the great Defign of Popery and arbitrary Power, &c." It confifts of an alphabetical CataJogue of placemen and penfioners, at the period in which it was published,-1677. The emoluments, circumstances, fecret fervices, &c. are fet forth with that freedom and feverity peculiar to this honeft and manly fatirift. A new lift, of the fame kind, might be useful to the Public, at all times, --except the prefent, in which there can be no foundation for

one.

The third volume contains, I. A fmart controverfial tract, entitled, Mr. Smirk; or, the Divine in Mode.' II. A fhort hiftorical Effay touching general Councils, Creeds, and Impofitions in Religion.' Thofe who know any thing of Andrew Marvell, need not enquire concerning the complexion of this piece. III. Poems on feveral Occafions;' comprehending the poetical productions of this ingenious Writer, which have appeared in the former editions: they employ about 240 pages; after which we come, IVthly, to the Life of Marvell, written, at confiderable length, by our Editor. V. Addenda, containing fome original poems, now first published, from the manufcript book, and not inferted in the preface. These confift of feveral spirited, noble panegyrics on Cromwell: fuch as might be expected from Marvell's powerful, mafculine, genius, exerting itself on a favourite fubject,-In this fupplemental part of the volume, we have alfo an excellent Latin compofition, entitled, Parliamenti Anglia Declaratio, &c.

In the close of our Editor's account of Marvell's life, we are told that this great man, who was, in the natural course of things, extremely obnoxious to a profligate government, fell, by poifon, at the age of 58; that the corporation, which he had fo long and fo honourably reprefented in parliament, voted an handfome fum of money to defray his funeral expences, and to erect a fuitable monument, to perpetuate his memory and his merit. The Epitaph was as follows:

Near this place

Lyeth the body of ANDREW MARVELL, Efq;
A man fo endowed by nature

So improved by education, ftudy, and travel,
So confummate by experience,

That joining the moft peculiar graces of wit
And learning,

With a fingular penetration and ftrength of
Judgment,

And exercising all thefe, in the whole courfe of his life,
With an unalterable steadiness in the ways of Virtue,
He became the ornament and example of his age:
Beloved by good men, feared by bad,
Admired by all;

Though imitated, alas! by few,
And fearce paralleled by any.

But a tombstone can neither contain his character,
Nor is marble neceffary to tranfmit it to pofterity;
It is engraved in the minds of this generation,
And will be always legible in his
Inimitable writings.

Nevertheless, he having ferved near twenty years
Succeffively in Parliament,

And that with fuch wisdom, dexterity, integrity, and courage, As became a true Patriot,

The town of KINGSTON UPON HULL,

From whence he was conftantly deputed to that Affembly,
Lamenting in his death the public lofs,
Have erected this monument of their grief
and gratitude,

in 1688.

He died in the fifty-eighth year of his

age,

On the fixteenth day of August, 1678.
Heu fragile humanum genus! heu terreftria vana!

Heu quem fpectatum continet urna virum!

If any of our old Whiggifh Readers ftill remain, they will learn, with indignation, that the warm and respectful intentions of this grateful corporation were fruftrated by the minifter of St. Giles's church, in which Mr. Marvell was buried. The bigotry, envy, or abfurdity,' of this man, our Editor fays, made him forbid the monument, and this infcription, from being placed over his remains.'

The late Mr. Hollis, about 16 years ago, caufed a fine buft of Marvell to be drawn and etched (by CIPRIANI) from an original portrait in his poffeffion. Of this engraving, an accurate copy, by Bafire, is prefixed to the prefent edition of Marvell's works, by way of frontifpiece to the first volume.

To conclude: we think that this country is truly obliged to the public-fpirited Editor of the prefent valuable publication; and we hope the work will meet with an acceptance answerable to the great expence of the impression.

ART.

ART. VIII. Continuation of the Account of the Third Volume of Mr. Bryant's New Syftem of Ancient Mythology. See Rev. for May.

MR

R. BRYANT, having delivered his fentiments concerning the migration and difperfion of nations, proceeds, in confirmation of his hypothefis, to confider the Titanian war. This war makes a great figure in the ancient mythology, and our Author has collected most of the learning relative to it; in doing which, he hath particularly infifted on a paffage concerning it, that occurs in the Sibylline poetry, and which contains the fulleft account we have of the Titans and their defeat. The paffage, he fays, is undoubtedly a tranflation of an ancient record, found by fome Grecian in an Egyptian temple: and though the whole is not uniform, nor perhaps by the fame hand, yet we may fee in it fome fragments of very curious hiftory.—We have in it an accurate account of the confufion of fpeech, and demolition of the tower of Babel, and of the Titanian war, which enfued. And we are moreover told, that the war commenced in the tenth generation after the deluge; and that it lafted ten years; and that it was the firft war, in which mankind were engaged.'

Though Mr. Bryant tells us, that the part of the hiftorical poem which he hath produced, is undoubtedly a translation of an ancient record, found by fome Grecian in an Egyptian temple,' we could have wished that he had been fomewhat more particular in the proof of his affertion: for fuperficial readers may be apt to imagine, that the verfes exhibit fome marks of thofe forgeries which are allowed to exift in the Sibylline poetry. Be this, however, as it may, our learned writer is clearly of opinion, that the war of Chedorlaomer and his allies, recorded in the fourteenth chapter of the book of Genefis, is the Titanian war. From the facred hiftorian we may infer, that there were two periods of this war: the first, when the king of Elam and his affociates laid the Rephaim, Emim, Horites, and Amalekites under contribution: the other, when upon their rebellion they reduced them a fecond time to obedience. The first part is mentioned by feveral ancient writers; and is faid to have lafted ten years. Hefiod takes notice of both; but makes the first rather of longer duration.-In the fecond engagement the poet informs us, that the Titans were quite difcomfited, and ruined; and according to the mythology of the Greeks, they were condemned to refide in Tartarus, at the extremities of the known world. The kings who compofed the confederacy against the Titans, were the king of Elam, the king of Elafur, the king of Shinar, and a fourth, ftiled king of nations. It was a family affociation against a common enemy, whence we may form a judgment concerning the princes of whom it was

compofed

compofed. Of the king of Shinar we know little only we may be allured that he was of the line of Shem; who had recovered the city, over which he ruled, from the Titanians. And we may farther prefume, that Tidal king of Nations was no other than the king of Aram-which was called the region of nations, becaufe all Syria, and the country upon the Euphrates confifted of mixed people. In like manner we may infer, that Arioen Melach Elafur, was the king of Nineve, called of old, and at this day, Atur and Affur. In the ancient records concerning this war, it is probable, that each nation made itself the principal, and took the chief part of the glory to itfelf. For the conquefts of Ninus (by which word is finified merely the Ninevite) conlifted in great mealure of thefe atchievements: the whole honour of which the Ninevites and Affyrians appropriated to themfelves. The real principal of the war was the king of Elam; as we learn from the fcriptures: and another material truth may be obtained from the account given by Mofes; that notwithstanding the boafted conquefts of the Aflyrians, and the famed empire of Ninus and Seminimas, the province of Affur was a very limited diftri&t; and the kingdom of Elam was far fuperior both to that of Nineve, and Babylonia.

To part of the preceding reprefentation it may be objected, that the war of Chedorlaomer and his allies was by no means fo extenfive as our ingenious Author imagines; and that it was carried on chiefly, if not folcly, with the petty kings of the Afphaltite vale. Such is the notion of Jofephus, and of later writers; whofe opinion is ftrengthened by Abraham's having been able to conquer the four victorious princes, by coming fuddenly upon them in the night, with the affiftance only of three hundred and eighteen fervants. But Mr. Bryant contends, that the Afphaltite kings bore an inconfiderable part in this grand affair; and that they were taken in after a fweep of many, and far more powerful, nations. I he former war,' he fays, when the power of the Titans was firft broken, feems to have been a memorable æra with the Cuthites and their defcendants, though overlooked by other people.--From the fervices imposed, and from the extent of the conquefts, we may perceive that the king of Elam and his allociates entertained the fame views which had been condemned in their adverfaries. They were laying the foundation of a large empire, of which the fupremacy would moft probably have centered in the kings of Elam. But the whole fcheme was providentially ruined by the patriarch Abraham. He gave them an utter defeat; and afterwards purfucd them quite up to Hobah and Damafcus.'

Thefe are the events, which the moft early writers, Linus, Olen, Thamyris, and the Thymates, are faid to have comREV. Nov. 1776.. memorated

Bb

memorated under the titles of the Flight of Bacchus; n which were included the wars of the giants, and the fufferings of the gods.'

The next fubject of our Author's attention, is the original Chaldaic hiftory, as tranfmitted by Abydenus, Apollodorus, and Alexander Polyhiftor, from Berofus of Babylonia. The fragments of Berofus are an important object, with all who have attempted to reconcile the difficulties of ancient chronology. Mr. Bryant has examined them with peculiar fagacity, and has made feveral remarks upon them, extremely different from thofe of former writers. In the hiftory of Berofus,' he obferves, however here and there embellifhed with extraneous matter, are contained wonderful traces of the truth: and we have in it recorded fome of the principal and most interefting circumftances of that great event, when mankind perished by the deJuge. The purpose of the Author was to give an account of Babylonia; with which the hiftory of the world in its early state was connected. We may upon a close infpection perceive, that the original history was of a two-fold nature; and obtained by different means from two feparate quarters. The latter part is plain and obvious and was undoubtedly taken from the archives of the Chaldeans. The former is allegorical and obfcure; and was copied from hieroglyphical representations, which could not be precifely decyphered. In confequence of Berofus's borrowing from records fo very different, we find him, without his being apprifed of it, giving two hiftories of the fame perfon. With this clue, his hiftory will appear more intelligible and a further infight may be gained into the purport of it, by confidering it in this light. We may be able to detect, and confute, the abfurdity of Abydenus and Apollodorus; who pretend upon the authority of this writer to produce ten antediluvian kings, of whom no mention was made by him: for what are taken by thofe writers for antediluvians are expressly referred by him to another æra. Yet have these writers been followed in their notions by Eufebius, and fome other of the ancients; and by almost every modern who has written upon the fubject.'-Our Author fhews, however, at large, and with great appearance of truth and reason, that they are mistaken upon this head; and that it could not be the object of Berofus to give the antideluvian hiftory. The Grecians, not knowor not attending to the eastern mode of writing, have introduced thofe ten kings of Babylon in the first book, which Berofus exprefsly refers to the fecond.-Those who have entertained the notion that thefe kings were antediluvian, have been plunged into infuperable difficulties; and defervedly. For how could they be fo weak, as to imagine, that there was a city Babylon, and a country named from it, ten generations before the flood;

allo