of Representation: property unrepresented is property unsecured;, and property unsecured is incompatible with the existence of personal liberty and social intercourse. The just representation of property involving the consequent security of individual liberty, it is the most arrant nonsense to pretend, that because not possessed of the right of returning local Representatives, Manchester, and other large towns in the like predicament, are virtually unrepresented. In all essentials they share a representation which cannot be parcelled out to places and parties; but of its own indivisible nature extends its benefits to the whole community. The representation of property in general, comprises the representation of property in detail. Thus, manufacturing property being represented, as a subordinate species of its genus, Manchester, as a manufacturing town, cannot be unrepresented.

It is necessary to be thus explicit, in order to lay bare the sophistry by which, because local or peculiar interests are not represented DIRECT, not only the interests themselves, but their very possessors, are described as not represented at all. This correctness of definition presents us with two kinds of Representation; the one, that by which every individual in the kingdom is comprehensively protected in his person and property; the other, that by which bye-law protection is guaranteed to particular interests. The magnitude of the interests miscalled unrepresented, is the best surety for their protection. Thus, in the of Manchester, we have a pledge that its predominant interest cannot be neglected. Wealthy men and various places must be connected with interests that accumulate riches, and are not, and cannot be, confined to isolated spots.

b

very

size

From these remarks, I would by no means be understood to oppose the enfranchisement, in due season, and with all becoming precaution, of the few large towns already referred to, as such a course would operate to remove much cause of discontent: but I would reprobate, in the strongest terms, the most unconstitutional idea of making the enfranchising of one place a component part of the reasoning that shall influence su to disfranchise another. The forfeit should solely be required for the offence, and the offence unequivocally proved deserving of the forfeit. To legislate from the motive just deprecated, is to strike at the root of the doctrine of right, and enter upon a system that shall lead to immediate invasion of the security of property.

I feel consoled, that we have not so far sacrificed our character for common sense and apt discrimination, as to make

it necessary to elucidate by argument, that the chimera of universal suffrage could only be realised in the tragedy of universal spoliation, confiscation, and bloodshed. A constellation of wealthy fools might guide us in safety, but a council of needy wits would benight us on the shoals of anarchy and civil barbarism.

One mode of offence adopted by the foes of civil quiet is, to vitiate words--perseveringly to attach good names to evil things, till that which, in its primitive signification, was an honourable appellation, degenerates into a bye-word of reproach. It is our duty, instead of tolerating this perversion of terms, instead of contributing to put arms into our enemy's hand, to resist it with all our power. A thorough-paced disturber has as much claim to the title of patriot, as an alien and a sojourner has to the appellation of Englishman. Your cha

racter is profaned, when the promiscuous mob is denominated the People, and its besotted clamour pronounced the oracle of your deliberate judgment and will.

Those busy in mischief are the agents that minister to the alienation between us and that portion of us called the lower orders; who toil to fix a gulph that cannot be passed, between them and the body of which they are an integral and essential part. They sever the limb from the body, and flatter themselves that, with Promethean artifice, making it instinct with life, they shall, with absolute success, render it the automaton of their wishes.

As the populus of the Romans was contradistinguished to the plebs, so should the people of England be distinguished from the populace. This distinction need be neither invidious nor irritating it might influence our actions