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CHAPTER
-Decline in Number of Negroes in Domestic Service-
Increasing Opportunities for the Negro in Manufacturing
and Mechanical Industries
12 DOMESTIC AND SOCIAL LIFE of the Negro
Negro Quarters in Cities-Looseness of Family Ties-
Handicap of Negro Mothers in Having to Work Away
from Home and Support the Family-Short Period of In-
fancy-Progress in the Development of Chastity in Spite.
of Adverse Conditions-Rich and Varied Social Life
13 THE NEGRO AS A POLITICAL FACTOR
Strength of the Negro Vote and Possibilities of Negro
Domination-Franchise Laws Limiting the Negro Vote-
Reasons for the Grandfather Clause-Result of Removal
of the Negro Menace in Bringing a Better Class of White
Men into Politics
14 REGULATION OF NON-POLITICAL RIGHTS
Separation of the Races on Railway Trains and Street
Cars-Impracticability of Street-car Separation in Large
Cities-The Problem of the Sleeping Car-Negroes Have
Their Own Hotels, Restaurants, Theaters, and So Forth
15 THE NEGRO AS A VIOLATOR OF THE LAW.
Greater Frequency of Negro Crime in the City Than in the
Country-Greater Frequency of Crime Against the Person
Than Against Property-Erroneous Notions as to the Ex-
tent of Negro Theft and Rape-Paramount Importance
of Bad Environment as a Factor in Negro Crime
16 THE LYNCHING PRACTICE IN THE SOUTH.
Its Origin and Present Tendency-The Kinds of Crime
Which Provoke Lynchings-Decline in Cases of Rape and
in Number of Lynchings-Effort to Repress Lynchings by
Educating Public Sentiment and by Raising the Cultural
Status of Both Races
17 OTHER OUTRAGES UPON NEGROES
Assaults on Negroes by White Mobs-Destruction of Prop-
erty-Expulsion from the Country-Influence of the Ku
Klux-Race Riots
18 THE PEONAGE OF NEGROES.
Its Origin-Character and Extent of It-Laws Which En-
courage Peonage-The Remedy-General Extent of Out-
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rages upon the Negro-What the White People Are Doing
and Should Do to Give the Negro a Square Deal
19 THE NEGRO BEFORE SOUTHERN COURTS .
How the Negro Fares When He Commits Crime against
the Whites and When the Whites Commit Crime against
Him-White Friends of the Negro in Court-Frequent
Renderings of Signal Justice to the Negro by White Juries
20 THE NEgro as a ConVICT
21
Various Systems of Employing the Convicts-The Lease
or Contract System-The State Farm System-The Chain-
gang-Advantages and Drawbacks of the Several Systems
-Progress of the South in Solving the Problem of Convict
Labor
Negro Common Schools in the South-Percentage of
Negro Children Enrolled-Progress in Diminishing Illit-
eracy-Increase in Length of the School Term-Higher
Qualifications and Salaries for Teachers-Comparative
Cost of Negro and White Schools-Development of High
Schools, State Normals, and Local Training-schools-
Movement for Model School-houses
TIONS
22 INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING
Institutions of Higher Learning and for Technical Instruc-
tion Supported by the States and the Federal Government
-Institutions of Higher Learning Supported by White Re-
ligious Organizations-Endowments of White Philan-
thropists to Aid Negro Education-Donations of the Ne-
groes Themselves for the Education of Their Race
23 INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING (CONT.)
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143
149
162
169
Institutions of Higher Learning Supported by the Negroes
Themselves-Endowed and Variously Supported Profes-
sional and Industrial Schools-The Work of Hampton and
Tuskegee Public Libraries for Negroes
24 THE SITUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
.
General Estimate of Institutions of Higher Learning for
Negroes-Too Many of Such Institutions-Few of Them
Doing Work of College Grade-Many of Them Badly Lo-
cated-Need of Elimination and Coöperation in the Inter-
ests of Efficiency
176
125 RELIGIOUS Development of the NegRO .
Church Affiliations-Emotional Outbursts at Revival Meet-
ings-Character of Negro Preachers-Their Former Ten-
dency to Become Leaders in Politics-Social Aspects of the
Negro Church-Great Value of Religion for the Colored
People
Part Four
THE NEGRO IN THE WORLD WAR
26 TRAINING CAMPS AND RACE TROUBLES
First Employment of Negro Troops-Negro Selectmen
in the Training Camps-Race Troubles in Texas, South
Carolina, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Elsewhere
27 SERVICE OF AMERICAN TROOPS AS A WHOLE.
Service of the American Troops in Stopping the German
Drive in 1918, and in Forcing the Germans Back-The St.
Mihiel Offensive and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive
28 SERVICE OF THE 369TH INFANTRY
Employment in Building Terminals at St. Nazaire, Jan-
uary, 1918-Experience of the Third Battalion in Guarding
German Prisoners in Brittany-The Taking Over of a
Section in the Champagne District-Transference to the
Line below Minancourt in June-The Last German Drive,
July 15-Participation in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive
of September 26
29 SERVICE OF THE 370TH INFANTRY
Occupation of a St. Mihiel Sector June 21-Transference
to Argonne Forest July 4-To the Soissons Sector in
August-And to the Õise-Aisne Canal in September-Par-
ticipation in the Allied Offensive of September and October
Which Drove the Germans across the Belgian Border
30 SERVICE OF THE 371ST REGIMENT
Activities Near Verdun-In the Meuse-Argonne Drive-
Spotlessness of Record
31 SERVICE OF the 372nd RegIMENT.
Occupation of Line in Argonne Forest-Trouble with
Colored Officers-Discharge or Transference of Many Col-
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199
205
208
215
ored Officers-Occupation of Line in the Champagne Sec-
tor-Good Account of Themselves Given in the September
26th Offensive
32 SERVICE OF THE 92ND DIVISION .
Taking Over of the St. Die Sector August 25-Trans-
ference to the Argonne September 21-Two Flights from
the Front-Court-martial of Leaders for Cowardice-
Transference to the Marbache Sector October 5-Partici-
pation in the Final Allied Drive of November 10 and II
33 WORTH OF THE NEGRO TROOPS .
Summary of the Services of the Colored Units-Recipients
of the Croix de Guerre-Citations for Distinguished Serv-
ice-General Bullard's Criticisms of the 92nd Division-
General Estimate of the Negro as a Soldier-Enlivening
Effect of Negro Regimental Bands in the Camps-Intro-
duction of the French People to Jazz Music
222
231
Movement of the Negro During the Days of Slavery-
Escape of Runaways to Free Soil-Attraction of Free Ne-
groes to the West and to the Industrial Centers in the
South-Trend of Negro Migration after the Civil War-
Exodus to the West in 1879-Movement from the Farms
to the Towns-Concurrent Migration of Negroes and
Whites to the North and West
35 RECENT MIGRATION.
Extent of Migration North and South-Northern-born
Negroes More Migrant Than Southern-born-Southern
Negro Migration between States-Excess of Volume of
White Migration over That of Negro Migration-Causes
Which Have Influenced the Migrants-Advantages and
Disadvantages of the Migration to Both Races-Gains of
the South in Both Negro and White Population
Part Six
THE NEGRO IN LITERATURE AND ART
36 WRITINGS OF NORTHERN WHITES
References to the Negro by Washington Irving and James
Fenimore Cooper-The Anti-slavery Poetry of Whittier,
Lowell, and Whitman-Mrs. Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
-Olmsted's Journeys through the South-Sociological
Studies of the Negro
37 MARK TWAIN'S DELINEATION
Pudd'nhead Wilson, Dealing with the Tragedy of the Mu-
latto-Tom Sawyer Abroad-General Attitude of Mark
Twain Toward the Negro
38 WRITINGS OF SOUTHERN WHITES.
Joel Chandler Harris's Uncle Remus and Other Stories-
Thomas Nelson Page, the Interpreter of the Virginia Slave
-Dialect Stories of Ambrose Gonzales-Novels of Tom
Dixon-James Lane Allen-Other Authors Dealing with
the Negro
39 NEGRO POETS .
Paul Laurence Dunbar-Claude McKay-James Weldon
Johnson-Means, Hawkins, Corrothers, and Fenton John-
son-Recent Tendencies in Negro Poetry-The Tragedy
of the Mulattoes Revealed in Poetry
40 NEGRO NOVELISTS AND HISTORIANS .
Novels of Chesnutt and Dunbar-Historical Studies of
Williams, Brawley, Scott, Grimké, and Others
41 THE NEGRO ON THE RACE PROBLEM
Personality and Points of View of Booker T. Washington,
W. E. B. DuBois, and James D. Corrothers-Discus-
sions of the Problem by Thomas, Holtzclaw, Kelly Miller,
and Others
42 NEGRO FOLK SONGS
Their African Origin-Spirituals of the Southern Planta-
tions-Funeral Songs-Work Songs-Satirical and Hu-
morous Songs-Influence of Negro Folk Songs on the
Music of the Whites
263
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283
307
325
328
335