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Book III
THE EARLIER ANGEVIN KINGS, SOMETIMES CALLED
CHAPTER
PLANTAGENETS.
I. HENRY II. (1154-1189),
Reorganisation of the Kingdom-The great Scutage-The
Becket Quarrel-Judicial Reforms-Conquest of Ireland-
Abortive Revolt of the Barons-Quarrels in the Royal
Family.
II. RICHARD I. (1189-1199),
Exploits and Imprisonment of Richard-In his absence the
Kingdom is governed by his Ministers-Constitutional and
Social Progress of the time-Richard's Death.
III. JOHN (1199-1216),
John's ill character leads to the loss of France, a quarrel with
the Church, and finally his iniquitous life and Government
cause a union of all classes to extort the Great Charter-A
French Prince invited to take the Throne.
The Regency of William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke His place
taken by Hubert de Burgh-Henry takes the rule into his
own hands, governs badly, and allows himself to fall into the
hands of Favourites-Rise of a Baronial Party under Simon
de Montfort-The Barons' Wars.
PAGE
135
157
167
182
Book IV
THE LATER ANGEVIN KINGS, SOMETIMES CALLED
1. EDWARD I. (1272-1307),
Age of Legislative Activity-Final Conquest of Wales-A
Scottish Dynastic difficulty leads to its Annexation-Com-
plete and Model Parliament-The Confirmation of the
Charters-Scottish Revolt.
Piers Gaveston-The Lords Ordainers-Gaveston's Death-
Bruce's Scottish successes-Bannockburn-The Despensers-
Lancaster's Defeat at Boroughbridge, and Death-General
combination against the Despensers, headed by the Queen
and Mortimer, leads to Edward's Dethronement.
228
III. EDWARD III. (1327-1377),
Fall of Mortimer-Scottish Affairs bring on War with France,
which led to important Constitutional Developments-Battles
of Sluys and Crecy-Siege of Calais-The Black Death, and
its effects on the Manorial System-Battle of Poitiers and
Treaty of Bretigny-Spanish Expedition leads to a disastrous
renewal of the War-Growth of a strong feeling against the
Pope and the Clergy-John of Gaunt and Wyclif-The
Reforms of the Good Parliament.
IV. RICHARD II. (1377-1399),
The Minority-Peasant Revolt-The Lollards-Opposition
Nobles displace the King's Ministers-Richard's personal rule
-His revenge on the Nobles, and final fall.
Book V
THE LANCASTRIAN AND YORKIST KINGS.
242
278
299
324
Rebellions in Richard's Favour-The Lollards-Owen Glen-
dower-The Risings of the Percies and of Scrope-Foreign
Affairs-Henry's Constitutional Government.
II. HENRY V. (1413-1422),
The French Wars-Agincourt-Siege of Rouen-Treaty of
Troyes.
III. HENRY VI. (1422-DETHRONED 1461-DIED 1471),
French Wars-Siege of Orleans-Loss of France-Growth of
Hostile Parties headed respectively by the Beauforts and the
Duke of York-Outbreak of Civil War-Dethronement of
Henry VI.
Battle of Towton and Suppression of the Lancastrians-
Edward's Marriage-Warwick intrigues for Power-Restora-
tion of Henry-Battles of Barnet and Tewkesbury-Death of
Henry-Expedition to France-Power of Edward.
348
V. EDWARD V. (1483),
361
Richard of Gloucester becomes Protector, and eventually Edward
is dethroned.
VI. RICHARD III. (1483-1485), .
365
Murder of the Princes-Morton's Conspiracy-Benevolences
condemned-Conspiracy of Henry Tudor-Bosworth.
Policy of Henry VII.-Rebellion of Simnel and Perkin-Ireland
-Strengthening of the Crown-Foreign Affairs.
II. HENRY VIII. (1509-1547),
Foreign politics-Flodden-Wolsey's career-The Divorce ques-
tion leads to the fall of Wolsey and the separation from
Rome-Changes in the Church-Dissolution of the Monas-
teries-Resistance to these changes-Henry's domestic life-
Later foreign policy.
III. EDWARD VI. (1547-1553),
The Arrangements for the Minority-Somerset-Battle of
Pinkie, and Rebellions in Devonshire and Norfolk-Ascen-
dancy of John Dudley-The Reformation-Unpopularity of
the Government-Plot to alter the Succession.
The Accession-The Spanish Match-Gradual Repeal of the
Ecclesiastical Legislation passed since 1529-Persecution of
the Protestants- War with France and loss of Calais-
Unpopularity of the Government.
Elizabeth's Religious Settlement-Foreign Affairs-The Refor-
mation in Scotland-History of Mary Queen of Scots to her
Flight into England-The Civil Wars in France-The Revolt
of the Netherlands-Improvement in Elizabeth's position-
The Rivalry of the English and Spaniards in the South Seas
-Danger from Mary Queen of Scots-Her Execution-The
Spanish Armada-English Command of the Seas-Irish
Affairs-Essex's Career and Execution-The Monopolies.
376
392
426
437
448
J. JAMES I. (1603-1625),
Book VII
THE STUARTS.
. 485
The Main and Bye Plots-The religious question-Parliament -The Gunpowder Plot-The constitutional difficulties of James-Death of Raleigh-The Thirty Years' War-Buck- ingham--the Spanish Match.
II. CHARLES I. (1625-1649),
Quarrels with his first Parliament-The Petition of Right-The
Rise of Laud and Wentworth-Imprisonment of Eliot—Arbi-
trary Rule-Wentworth in Ireland-Religious Difficulties
in Scotland-First Bishops' War-The Short Parliament-
Second Bishops' War.
The Composition of the Long Parliament-The Trial and Death
of Strafford-Reforming Measures-The Religious Question
and Division of Parties-Impeachment of the five Members-
Opening of the War-First Civil War-Imprisonment of the
King-Second Civil War-Trial and Death of Charles.
IV. THE COMMONWEALTH AND PROTECTORATE,
The Commonwealth-Wars in Scotland, Ireland, and with the
Dutch-Expulsion of the 'Rump'-Barebone's Parliament-
The Instrument of Government-The Petition and Advice-
Death of Cromwell-Events which led to the Restoration.
V. CHARLES II. (1660-1685),
The Acts of the Convention Parliaments-Clarendon's Ministry
-The First Dutch War-Fall of Clarendon-The Cabal-The
Treaties of Dover-Second Dutch War-Fall of the Cabal-
Danby's Ministry-Rise of the 'Country' Party-The Exclu-
sion Bill-Fall of the Whigs.
VI. JAMES II. (1685-1689),
Character of James-Monmouth's Rebellion-The Dispensing
Power-Hales' Case-The Ecclesiastical Commission-Attacks
upon the Universities-The Declaration of Indulgence-Ad-
verse Feeling in the Country-Birth of James' Son-Trial of
the Seven Bishops-Expedition of William of Orange-Flight
of James-The Interregnum-The Declaration of Right.
The Revolution in Scotland and Ireland-War with France-
Rise of Party Government-Financial Measures-Treaty of
Ryswick-The Partition Treaties-The Grand Alliance.
VIII. anne (1702-1714),
Character of Marlborough-The War of the Spanish Succession-
Blenheim, Ramillies, Oudenarde, and Malplaquet-The Union
of England and Scotland-Ministerial Intrigues-Prosecution
of Sacheverell and Fall of the Whigs-The Treaty of Utrecht
-The Schism Act-Death of Anne,
. 509
586
613
644
667
705
Book VIII
THE HOUSE OF HANOVER.
1. GEORGE I. (1714-1727),
The Whig Ministers-Jacobite Rebellion of 1715-Foreign
Policy-Stanhope and Sunderland-The South Sea Bubble-
Walpole in Power-Wood's Halfpence.
II. GEORGE II. (1727-1760),
Walpole in Power-The Wesleyans-The Opposition-Spanish
War and Fall of Walpole-Carteret in Power-Foreign Affairs
-Henry Pelham-The '45-Rise of Pitt and Fox-Domestic
Affairs-The Seven Years' War-Triumphs of Pitt.
III. GEORGE III. (PART I., 1760-1789), .
Fall of Pitt-The Wilkes Case-Estrangement of the American
Colonies-The Middlesex Election-Junius' Letters-Loss of
the American Colonies-Parliamentary and Economical Re-
form-The Coalition-India-Ministry of the younger Pitt.
756
804
IV. GEORGE III. (PART II., 1789-1820). THE WARS OF THE FRENCH
REVOLUTION,
. 854
Causes and Progress of the French Revolution-Its effect on the
Relations of Great Britain and France-The War against the
French Republic-Irish Affairs-The Union, and Fall of Pitt
-The War against Napoleon-The Peace-Its effects on
England.
The Queen's Trial-Signs of Progress-Death of Castlereagh-
Policy of Canning and Huskisson-Affairs of Greece-Roman
Catholic Emancipation.
The Great Reform Bill-Period of Active Legislation-The Irish
Church-Slavery-The Poor Laws-The Municipal Reform-
Peel and Conservative Reaction-Lord Melbourne's Govern-
ment.
Canada-The Chartists-The Corn Law Agitation-The Afghan,
Scinde, and Sikh Wars-O'Connell-Repeal of the Corn
Laws-The Year of Revolutions-The Russian War-Indian
Mutiny-Parliamentary Reform-Foreign Affairs-Death of
Palmerston.
920
936
954