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הֲבַת־תִּשְׁעִים שָׁנָה תֵּלֶד : 18 וַיֹּאמֶר אַבְרָהָם אֶל־ האלהים לוּ יִשְׁמָעֵאל יִחְיֶה לְפָנֶיךָ: 19 וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים אֲבָל שָׂרָה אִשְׁתְּךָ יֹלֶדֶת לְךְ בֵּן וְקָרָאתָ אֶת־שְׁמוֹ יִצְחָק וַהֲקִמֹתִי אֶת־בְּרִיתִי אִתּוֹ לִבְרִית עוֹלָם לְזַרְעוֹ אַחֲרָיו : 20 וּלְיִשְׁמָעֵאל שְׁמַעְתִּיךְ הִנֵּה בֵּרַכְתִּי אֹתוֹ וְהִפְרֵיתִי אֹתָוֹ וְהִרְבֵּיתִי אֹתוֹ בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד שְׁנֵים־־עָשָׂר נְשִׂיאִם יוֹלִיד וּנְתַתִּיו לִגְוֹי גָּדוֹל: 21 וְאֶת־בְּרִיתִי אָקִים אֶת־יִצְחָק אֲשֶׁר תִּלֶד לְךָ שָׂרָה לַפּוֹעֵד הַזֶּה בַּשָּׁנָה הָאַחֶרֶת: 22 וַיְכַל לְדַבֵּר אִתּוֹ וַיַּעַל אֱלֹהִים מֵעַל אַבְרָהָם: 23 וַיָּקָה אַבְרָהָם אֶת־יִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּנוֹ וְאֵת כָּל־יְלִידֵי בֵיתוֹ וְאֵת כָּל־מִקְנַת כַּסְפּוֹ כָּל־זָכָר בְּאַנְשֵׁי בֵּית אַבְרָהָם וַיָּמָל אֶת־בְּשָׂר עָרְלָתָם בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אִתּוֹ

אֱלֹהִים: 24 וְאַבְרָהָם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעֶיִסְ וָהֵשַׁעשָנָה בְּהִמלוֹ בְּשָׂר מפטיר עָרְלָתְוֹ: 25 וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּנוֹ בֶּן־שְׁלְשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה בְּהִמלו

אֶת בְּשַׂר עָרְלָתוֹ : 26 בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה נִמּוֹל אַבְרָהָם וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּנְוֹ: 27 וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁי בֵיתוֹ יְלִיד בָּיִת וּמִקְנַת־

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יח וירָא אֵלָיו יְהוָה בְּאֵלֹנֵי מַמְרֵא וְהִוּא ישֶׁב פֶּתַח-הָאֹהֶל

כְּחֹם הַיּוֹם: 2 וַיִּשָּׂא עֵינָיו וַיַּרְא וְהִנֵּה שְׁלֹשָׁה אֲנָשִׁים נָצָבִים עָלָיו וַיַּרְא וַיָּרָץ לִקְרָאתָם מִפֶּתַח הָאֹהֶל וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ אָרְצָה: 3 וַיֹּאמַר אֲדֹנָי אִם־־נָא מָצָאתִי חֵן בְּעֵינֶיךָ אַל־נָא תַעֲבֹר מֵעַל עַבְרֶךְ: 4 וְקַח־נָא מְעַט־מַיִם וְרַחֲצוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם וְהִשְׁעֲנוּ תַּחַת הָעֵץ: 6 וְאֶקְחָה פַת-לֶחֶם וְסַעֲדוּ לִבְּכֶם אַחַר תַּעֲבֹרוּ כִּי־על־כֵּן עֲבַרְתֶּם עַל־ עַבְדְּכֶם וַיֹּאמְרוּ כֵּן תַּעֲשֶׂה כַּאֲשֶׁר דִבַּרְתָּ : 6 וַיְמַהֵר אַבְרָהם הָאֹהָלָה אֶל־שָׂרָה וַיֹּאמֶר מַהֲרִי שְׁלֹשׁ סְאִים קֶמַח סלֶת לוּשִׁי וְעָשִׂי עֶגְוֹת : 7 וְאֶל־הַבָּקָר רֶץ אַבְרָהָם

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called Beer-lahai-roi; behold it is all the land of Canaan, for an between Kadesh and Bered. everlasting possession, and I will

15 And Hagar bare Abram a be their God. son : and Abram called his son's 9 And God said unto Abraham, name which Hagar bare, Ishmael. thou shalt keep my covenant there

16 And Abram was fourscore fore, thou and thy seed after thee, and six years old, when Hagar in their generations. bare Ishmael to Abram.

10 | This is my covenant, which

ye shall keep between me and you, CH A P. XVII.

and thy seed after thee; every 1 The covenant is renewed. 5 Abram's man-child among you shall be

name changed. 10 Circumcision circumcised. instituted. 16 Isaac promised.

11 And ye shall circumcise the

flesh of your fore-skin; and it shall AND when Abram was ninety be a token of the covenant betwixt years old and nine, the LORD

me and you. appeared to Abram, and said unto 12 And he that is eight days old him, I am the Almighty God; walk shall be circumcised among you, before me, and be thou perfect.* every man-child in your genera2 And I will make

my

covenant tions; he that is born in the house, between me and thee, and will or bought with money of any 'multiply thee exceedingly. stranger, which is not of thy seed.

3 And Abram fell on his face: 13 He that is born in thy house, and God talked with him, saying, and he that is bought with thy

4 As for me, behold my cove- money must needs be circumcised: nant is with thee, and thou shalt and

my

covenant shall be in your be a father of many nations. flesh for an everlasting covenant.

5 | Neither shall thy name 14 And the uncircumcised manany more be called Abram : but child, whose flesh of his fore-skin thy name shall be Abraham ; for is not circumcised, that soul shall a father of many nations have I be cut off from his people : he hath made thee.

broken my covenant. 6 And I will make thee exceed- 15 And God said unto Abraham, ing fruitful, and I will make nations as for Sarai thy wife, thou shalt of thee; and kings shall come out not call her name Sarai, but Sarah of theé.

shall her name be. 7 And I will establish my covenant 16 | And I will bless her, and between me and thee, and thy seed give thee a son also of her; yea, after thee, in their generations, I will bless her, and she shall be a for an everlasting covenant; to mother of nations; kings of peobe a God unto thee, and to thy ple shall be of her. seed after thee.

17 Then Abraham fell upon his 8 And I will give unto thee, face and laughed, § and said in and to thy seed after thee, the his heart, Shall a child be born land wherein thou art a stranger, unto him that is an hundred years

*Hence, it is obvious, that before circumcision Abram was imperfect; and therefore, as the Almighty was now furetelling Abram of the promised seed which he meant to give him, namely Isaac, and from whom was to proceed his chosen people, in whom all nations were to be blessed; and to whom he promised that he would be their God for ever : he therefore, commanded Abram at this time to be circumcised, in order that he might be perfect before he begot that promised seed: and which is a sign of their being God's chosen people, having the mark of his covenant in their leah.

That is, through admiration, and an holy and spiritual rejoicing at so great and unusual a blessing, and which so far exceeded all huma, probability according to the course of nature, but not through unbelief: agreeable to which the Chaldee “paraphrast Onkeles translates it om, and which signifies, and he rejoiced; for which reason we do not find that God rebuked him as he did Sarah,

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הִנֵּה בֵין קָדֵשׁ וּבֵין בְּרֵד: 15 וַתֵּלֶד הָגָרֶ לְאַבְרָם בֶּן וַיִּקְרָא

אַבְרָם שֶׁם-בְּנוֹ אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָה הָגָר יִשְׁמָעֵאל: 16 וְאַברם בֶּן־שְׁמֹנִים שָׁנָה וְשֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים בְּלֶדֶת־הָגָר אֶת־יִשְׁמָעֵאל יז לְאַבְרָם : ס

וַיְהִי אַבְרָם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִים שָׁנָה וְתִשַׁע שָׁנִים וַיִּרָא יְהוָה אֶל־אַבְרָס וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו אֲנִי־אֵל שַׁדַּי הִתְהַלֵךְ לְפָנַי וֶהְיֵה תָמִים: 2 וְאֶתְּנָה בְרִיתִי בֵּינִי וּבֵינֶךָ וְאַרְבֶּה אֶוֹתְךָ בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד: 3 וַיִּפּל אַבְרֶם עַל־פָּנָיו וַיְדַבֵּר אִתּוֹ אֱלֹהִים לֵאמֹר: אֲנִי הִנֵּה בְרִיתִי אִתָּךְ וְהָיוֹתָ לְאָב הֲמוֹן גּוֹיִם: וְלֹא־יִקָרֵא עָוֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם וְהָיָה שִׁמְךְ

אַבְרָהָם כִּי אַב הֲמָוֹן גּוֹיִם נְתַתִּיךְ : 6 וְהִפְרֵתִי אֶתְךְ שביעי בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד וּנְתַתִּיךָ לְגוֹיִם וּמְלָכִים מִמְךְ יִצְאוּ: וַהֲקִמֹתִי

אֶת־בְּרִיתִי בֵּינִי וּבֵינֶךָ וּבֵין זַרְעֲךָ אַחֲרֶיךָ לְדְרֹתָם לִבְרִית עלֶם לָהְיוֹת לְךְ לֵאלֹהִים וּלְזַרֶךְ אַחֲרֵיִךְ: אָ וְנָתַתִּי לָךְ וּלְזַרעך אַחֲרִיךְ אֵת אֶרֶץ מְגָרִיךְ אֵת כָּל־אֶרֶץ כנען אַחזַת עוֹלָם וְהָיִיתִי לָהֶם לֵאלֹהִים: 9 וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים אֶל־אַבְרָהָם וְאַתָּה אֶת־בְּרִיתִי תִשְׁמֹר אַתָּה וְזַרְעֵךְ אַחֲרֵיךְ לְדְרֹתָם : 10 זאת בְּרִיתִי אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְרוּ בֵּינִי וּבֵינֵיכֶם וּבֵין זַרְעֲךָ אַחֲרֶיךָ הִמּוֹל לָכֶם כָּל זָכָר:11וּנְמַלְתֶּם אֵת בְּשָׂר עָרְלַתְכֶם וְהָיָה לְאוֹת בְּרִית בֵּינִי וּבֵינֵיכֶם : 12 וּבֶן־שְׁמנת יָמִים יִמְוֹל לָכֶם כָּל־זָכר לְדרֹתֵיכֶם יְלִיד בַּיִת וּמִקְנַת־כֶּסֶף מִכָּל בֶּן־נֵכָר אֲשֶׁר לֹא מִיַּרְעֵךְ הוּא: 13 הִמָּוֹלי יִמָּוֹל יְלִיד בֵּיתְךָ וּמִקְנַת כַּסְפֶּךְ וְהָיְתָה בְרִיתִי בִּבְשָׂרְכֶם לִבְרִית עוֹלָם:14 וְעָרֵליזָכָר אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יִמּוֹל אֶת־ בְּשַׁר עָרְלָתוֹ וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶפֶשׁ הַהִוא מֶעַמֶּיהָ אֶת־בְּרִיתִי

15 וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים אֶל־אַבְרָהָם שָׂרַי אִשְׁתְּךָ לֹא־תִקְרָא אֶת־שְׁמָהּ שָׂרָי כִּי שָׂרָה שְׁמָהּ : 16וּבֵרַכְתִּי אֹתָהּ וְגַם נָתַתִּי מִמֶּנָּהלְךְ בֶּן וּבֵרַכְתִּיהָ וְהָיְתָה לְגוֹיִם מַלְכֵי עַמִּים מִמֶּנָּה יִהְיוּ : 17 וַיִּפָּל אַבְרָהָם עַל־פָּנָיו וַיִּצְחָק וַיֹּאמֶר בְּלִבּוֹ הַלְבֶן מֵאָה־שָׁנָה יִגְלֶד וְאִם־שָׂרָה

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the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full.

17 And it came to pass, that when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold a smoaking furnace, and a burning lamp that passed between those pieces. *

18 In that same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt, unto the great river, the river Euphrates. 19 The Kenites, and the Kenizzites, and the Kadmonites.

20 And the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Rephaims.

21 And the Amorites, and the Canaanites, and the Girgashites, and the Jebusites.

CHAP. XVI.

1 Sarai giveth Hagar to Abram, 6 who flying from her mistress, 9 is sent back by an angel. 15 15 Ishmael is born..

Now Sarai Abram's wife bare

him no children: and she had an hand-maid, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar."

2 And Sarai said unto Abram, Behold, now the LORD hath restrained me from bearing: I pray thee go in unto my maid; it may be maid; it may be that I may obtain children by her: and Abram hearkened to the voice of Sarai.

3 And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar her maid the Egyptian, after Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to her husband Abram to be his wife.

4 And he went in unto Hagar, and she conceived: And when she saw that she had conceived, her mistress was despised in her eyes.

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5 And Sarai said unto Abram, My wrong be upon thee: § I have given my maid into thy bosom; and when she saw that she had conceived, I was despised in her eyes: the LORD judge between me and thee.

6 But Abram said unto Sarai, Behold, thy maid is in thy hand; do to her as it pleaseth thee. And when Sarai dealt hardly with her, she fled from her face.

7 And the angel of the LORD found her by a fountain of water in the wilderness, by the fountain in the way to Shur.

8 And he said, Hagar Sarai's maid, whence camest thou ? and whither wilt thou go? And she said, I flee from the face of my mistress Sarai.

9 And the angel of the LORD said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hands.

said unto her, I will multiply thy 10 And the angel of the Lorr seed exceedingly, that it shall not be numbered for multitude.

11 And the angel of the LORD said unto her, Behold, thou art with child, and shalt bear a son, and shalt call his name Ishmael; because the LORD hath heard thy affliction.

12 And he will be a wild man; his hand will be against every man, and every man's hand against him: and he shall dwell in the presence of all his brethren.

13 And she called the name of the LORD that spake unto her, Thou God seest me: for she said, Have I also here looked after him that seeth me?

14 Wherefore the well was

everlasting light.” Isaiah, chap. lx. verse 19. And which a type of their universal redemption and restoration so in like manner, was the darkness a type of the Bondage which they were to suffer in Egypt.

*The first as a symbol of the punishment which those that oppressed Abram's seed would undergo; see Jarchi. And the latter as an emblem of the glory of his seed after their oppression

The injury done to me by Hagar, may be imputed to thee; first, in that thou didst not pray for me as well as for thyself: and secondly, in that thou dost not repress her arrogance: and what aggrevates the injury is, that my sole intention was to serve thee, in affording thee the opportunity of having an heir of thy body.

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כִּי לֹא־שָׁלֵם עֲוֹן הָאֱמֹרִי עַד־הֵנָּה: 17 וַיְהִי הַשֶׁמֶשׁ בָּאָה עֲלָטָה הָיָה וְהִנֵּה תַגַּוּר עָשָׁן וְלַפִּיד אֵשׁ אֲשֶׁר עָבַר בֵּין הַגְזָרִים הָאֵלֶּה: 18 בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא כָּרַת יְהוָה אֶת־אַבְרָם בְּרִית לֵאמֹר לְזַרְעֲךָ נָתַתִּי אֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת מִנְהַר מִצְרַיִם עַד־הַנָּהָר הַגָּדֹל נְהַר-פְּרָת: 19 אֶת־הַקֵינִי וְאֶת־ הַקְנְזִי וְאֵת הַקַדְמֹנִי: 20 וְאֶת־הַחִתִּי וְאֶת־הַפְּרִזִי וְאֶת־

הָרְפָאִים: 21 וְאֶת־הָאֱמרִי וְאֶת־הַכְּנַעֲנִי וְאֶת־הַגִּרְגָּשִׁי טז וְאֶת־הַיְבוּסִי : וְשָׂרַי אֵשֶׁת אַבְרָם לֹא יָלְדָה

לוֹ וְלָהּ שִׁפְחָה מִצְרִית וּשְׁמָהּ הָגָרְ: 2 וַתֹּאמֶר שָׂרַי אֶל־ אַבְרָם הִנֵּה־נָא עַצְרָנִי יְהוָה מִלֶדֶת בא־נָא אֶל־שִׁפְחָתִי אוּלַי אִבָּנֶה מִמֶּנָּה וַיִּשְׁמַע אַבְרָם לְקוֹל שָׂרֵי: 3 וַתְּקַח שָׂרַי אֲשֶׁת־אַבְרָם אֶת־הָגָר הַמִּצְרִית שִׁפְחָתָה מֵקֵץ עֶשֶׂר שָׁנִים לְשֶׁבֶת אַבְרָם בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן וַתִּתֵּן אֹתָהּ לְאַבְרָם אִישָׁהּ לֹוֹלְאִשָּׁה:4וַיָּבֵא אֶל־הָגָר וַתַּהַר וַתֵּרֶא כִּי הָרָתָה וַתִּקל גְּבִרְתָּהּ בְּעֵינֶיהָ: 5 וַתֹּאמֶר שָׂרַי אֶל־אַבְרָשׁ חֲמָסִי

עֲלִיךְ אָנֹכִי נָתַתִּי שִׁפְחָתִי בְּחֵיֶלֶךְ וַתִּרֶא כִּי הָרָתָה וָאֵקל מקור של בְּעֵינֶיהָ יִשְׁפָּט יְהוָה בֵּינִי וּבֵינֶיךָ: 6 וַיֹּאמֶר אַבְרָם אֶל־

שָׂרַי הִנֵּה שִׁפְחָתֵךְ בְּיָדֵךְ עֲשֵׂי־לָהּ הַטְוֹב בְּעֵינָיִךְ וַתְּעַנְהָ שָׂרַי וַתִּבְרַח מִפָּנֶיהָ: 7 וַיִּמְצָאָהּ מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה עַל־עֵין הַמַּיִם בַּמִּדְבָּר עַל־הָעַיִן בְּדֶרֶךְשׁוּר: 8וַיֹּאמַר הָגָר שִׁפְחַת שָׂרַי אֵי־מִזֶּה בָאת וְאָנָה תֵלֵכִי וַיֹּאמֶר מִפְּנֵי שָׂרַי גְּבִרְתִּי אָנֹכִי בּרַחַת : 9 וַיֹּאמֶר לָהּ מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה שׁוּבִי אֶל־ גְבִרְתֵּךְ וְהִתְעַנִיתַּחַת יָדֶיהָ: 10 וַיֹּאמֶר לָהּ מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה הַרְבָּה אַרְבֶּה אֶת־זַרְעֶךְ וְלֹא יִסָפֵר מֵרְב: 11 וַיֹּאמֶר לָהּ מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה הִנָּךְ הָרָה וְיֹלַדְתְּ בֵּן וְקָרָאת שְׁמוֹ יִשְׁמָעֵאל כִּי־שָׁמַע יְהוָה אֶל־עָנֵיִךְ : 12 וְהוּא יִהְיֶה פֶּרֶא אָדָם יָדְוֹ בכל ויד כּל בּוֹ וְעַל־פְּנֵי כָל־אֶחָיו יִשְׁכָּן: 13 וַתִּקְרָא שְׁס־ יְהוָה הַדּבֵר אֵלֶיהָ אַתָּה אֵל רָאִי כִּי אֶמְרָה הֲגַם חֲלָס רָאִיתִי אַחֲרֵי רֹאִי : 14 עַל־כֵּן קָרָא לַבְּאֵר בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי

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