The camera, magnifying glass, plays, manual training, travel, all have their value in the development of the mind, so that the boy may know himself. The power the mind has for knowing itself, its own acts, states, and pur

poses, is called "consciousness."

Consciousness

is the ultimate fact of mental life. It is a characteristic of the mind. "Consciousness also includes the power of the soul to know itself as the knower. This is the great central fact of the mind. Indeed it is so fundamental that it is often regarded as being synonymous with the mind itself. It is this that gives me my sense of personal identity, that gives me the knowledge that I am I, without which there would be no basis for other mental operations. Consciousness is the general name for all mental operations. The soul gains knowledge through the five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch. One sense helps another. At a railroad crossing we read, 'Stop, look, listen.' The senses have been called 'Scouts of the soul." "14 They are the windows through which the mind looks out on the material world. Sensations crowd in upon the boy's experience and the range of his utterance is constantly enlarging. In genuine manhood, manhood of the largest measure, there is a longing of the soul for knowledge, an intellectual trend, positive and intense, that is ceaseless in its pursuit of truth. It is our privilege to open up to youth the world of truth and reality in which he dwells, so that he will see beauty where there is beauty, his heart will

14 See, "The Teaching of Bible Classes," p. 93.

respond to all that is pure and noble, his sympathies be aroused by every wail of distress, he will delight in all that is good and spurn alk that is evil, he will be keenly alive to the moral qualities of every act, he will realize that every violation of the moral law gives pain-he will be the complete man, considerate of the feelings of others and responsive to all the calls of humanity.

"Know thyself as the Lord of the chariot,

The body as only the car,

Know also the reason as driver,

The horses our organs are.

"There's always a lower, a higher choice,
And it's thine to choose, to shun;
To list to the tempter or hear the voice,

With cheer in its tones, 'Well done.'

Your loss or your gain, and 'tis yours to say,
Which voice you shall hearken from day to day.

"The safe course? Need I repeat the thought?
The higher your choice, 'tis plain,

The clearer the vision the mind has caught,
The sweeter the song's refrain.

And upward mounting the soul's sure flight
Is bathed in the grander celestial light.

"For what is all that time can give,

Unless in tune we truly live?

And what at end is human gold,

Unless when life's full story's told,

Some soul's been purged because of touch
Of our life's gift."

CHAPTER III

EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

"For there are moments in life, when the heart is so full of emotion,

That if by chance it be shaken, or into its depths like a pebble

Drops some careless word, it overflows, and its secret Spilt on the ground like water, can never be gathered together."

Longfellow-The Courtship of

Miles Standish-Part VI.

There are some people who think that a boy has but little feeling and they trample upon many of the things which he deems holy as if they were mere bubbles. A careless word, an unsympathetic attitude, an unfortunate laugh has caused a kind of grief to the boy which time itself has failed to heal. Boys call it "hurt feelings." Failure to understand a boy's feelings or emotions, often accounts for the inability of older people to "hold" him during his "storm and stress" period.

"Feeling," says H. Thiselton Mark, "is the quality of pleasurableness or painfulness which attaches in some degree to practically all our