CHAPTER XI.

"FLAT ARGUMENT FROM AUTHORITY." (A. D. 1590-1592.)

MR. WIGHT IMPRISONED.

HIS PAPERS REVEAL THE DOINGS OF THE

PURITAN ASSEMBLIES. OTHER CLERGYMEN IMPRISONED.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

REVELA-

TIONS BY SOME OF THEM UPON OATH. ARTICLES OBJECTED AGAINST

MR. CARTWRIGHT. - HE SOLICITS THE GOOD OFFICES OF Lord Bur-

LEIGH. BEFORE THE COMMISSIONERS REFUSES THE OATH. UPON HIS

SECOND APPEARANCE CONSENTS, ON CERTAIN CONDITIONS, TO MAKE

OATH UPON CERTAIN CHARGES. - LORD BURLEIGH REMONSTRATES. —

CARTWRIGHT AND OTHERS NOW HELD IN PRISON FOR REFUSING THE

OATH. THEir Cases refERRED TO THE Star-Chamber. ARRAIGNED

THERE, BUT THE PROCEEDINGS SUSPENDED. — CARTWRIGHT BROUGHT

BEFORE THE COMMISSIONERS SECRETLY. — -UPBRAIDED AND INSULTED.

- CHARGES MADE BY THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL. MR. CARTWRIGHT

AGAIN REFUSES THE OATH. — DISPUTE BETWEEN BISHOP AYLMER AND

DR. BANCROFT. — Mr. CartwRIGHT REMANDED TO PRISON. — Written

ARTICLES PREFERRED AGAINST HIM AND OTHERS IN THE STAR-CHAM-

- THEIR WRITTEN ANSWERS UPON OATH. PROSECUTION FAILS

FOR WANT OF PROOF. THE COMMISSIONERS STILL HOLD THEM IN

PRISON. MR. CARTWRIGHT SOLICITS THE INTERCESSION OF LADY RUS-

SEL WITH Lord Burleigh.- THE PRISONERS ADDRESS THE QUEEN.

SOME FAVOR SHOWED, EXCEPT TO MR. CARTWRIGHT. THE ARCH-

BISHOP'S CONDITIONS OF RELEASE REJECTED. — PUBLIC SYMPATHY FOR

THE PRISONERS. INTERCESSIONS OF KING JAMES, OF SIR FRANCIS

KNOLLYS, and of Doctors at CAMBRIDGE, UNAVAILING.

BER. -

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--

370

CHAPTER XII.

PURITANS IN THE SECULAR COURTS. (A. D. 1590 - 1592.)

-

ROBERT CAWDREY ARRAIGNED, DEPRIVED, AND DEPOSED.

- LORD BUR-

LEIGH ADVISES HIS APPEAL TO LAW. MR. CAWDREY COMMENCES

A SUIT TO TEST, BY MUNICIPAL LAW, THE PRACTICE OF ECCLESIASTI-

CAL COURTS. THE VERDICT OF THE JURY UPON THE FACTS. THEY

REFER TO THE Court whetHER HIS DEPRIVATION WAS, OR WAS NOT,

WARRANTED BY LAW. THE ARGUMENT UPON THIS POINT FOR THE

PLAINTIFF. THE REBUTTING ARGUMENT OF THE COURT. A REVIEW

OF THIS ARGUMENT. THE INDIGNATION OF LORD BURLEIGH AND OF

THE PEOPLE. JOHN UDAL arraigned before the ASSIZES AT CROY-

DEN.- HIS INDICTMENT. HIS PREVIOUS TROUBLES. HIS TRIAL. —

THE VERDICT, GUILTY OF FELONY. THE COURT URGE HIM TO SUB-

MISSION. HIS PLEA FOR STAYING OF SENTENCE. IS SENTENCED TO

DEATH. ORDER FOR HIS RESPITE. HIS CONFERENCE WITH A MES-

SENGER FROM THE QUEEN. SIR WALTER RALEIGH INTERFERES IN HIS

BEHALF. ANOTHER Overture. MR. UDAL SIGNS AN ACKNOWLEDG-

MENT. THE ARCHBISHOP UNWILLING FOR HIS PARDON. THE LON-

DON MERCHANTS SEEK HIS LIBERATION; BUT IN VAIN.— - HIS SUFFER-

INGS AND DEATH IN PRISON. CONSIDERATIONS UPON HIS CASE.

CHAPTER XIII.

HENRY BARROW. (A. D. 1586-1588.)

A LONDON RAKE. HIS REFORMATION. THE TENETS OF THE INDEPEN-

-

-

DENTS. THEIR DIFFERENCES AND AFFINITIES WITH THE PURITANS

THE INDEPENDENTS WITHOUT ORGANIZATION AND WITHOUT

-

PROPER.

A LEADER. - THEIR CONDITION IN SOCIETY, AND THEIR CHARACTER-

ISTICS. - HENRY BARROW THEIR MASTER-SPIRIT. MASTER FOX's OR-

DINARY IN NICHOLAS LANE. CONFERENCE THERE

-

COMMISSIONERS.

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-

-

--

BETWEEN MR.

-

BARROW AND MR. HULL ABOUT THE IMPRISONMENT OF JOHN GREEN-

WOOD. THEY VISIT GREENWOOD IN THE CLINK.- BARROW DETAINED

THERE A PRISONER. - TAKEN BEFORE THE ARCHBISHOP AND OTHER

HE IS COMMITTED TO THE GATEHOUSE. HIS SECOND

BEFORE A SPECIAL COMMIS-

SION, IN COMPANY WITH GREENWOOD. THEIR OBJECTIONS TO JU-

DICIAL OATHS. — THEIR INGENUOUS BOLDNESS. THEY ARE ENLARGED.

- AGAIN ARRESTED.— - MR. BARROW'S EXAMINATION.

INTERVIEW WITH THE COMMISSIONERS.

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---

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-

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-

CHAPTER XIV.

THE BISHOPS THEIR OWN ENEMIES. INCREASE OF THE INDEPENDENTS.

THEIR SECRET ASSEMBLIES. A CHURCH ORGANIZED IN LONDON.-

MIDNIGHT ARREST OF GREENWOOD AND JOHNSON. - FIFTY-SIX PERSONS

ARRESTED AT ISLINGTON. OTHER ARRESTS. - PRIVATIONS OF PRISON

LIFE. PRISONERS DETAINED WITHOUT TRIAL. THEIR COMPLAINT.

THE JAIL-Fever. FLOGGING WITH CUDGELS. THE TORTURE OF

"LITTLE EASE." DEATH IN PRISON. CHAINS AND DUNGEONS.

MANY DIE; SOME THRUST FORTH TO DIE. - WHO WERE RESPONSIBLE

FOR THESE HORRORS, AND How far. -THE FACTS CONCEALED FROM

THE QUEEN. THE INQUISITION OF ENGLAND AND THE INQUISITION OF

SPAIN COMPARED.

CHRISTIAN CONVICTS LED OUT OF PRISON FOR EXECUTION. — REPRIEVED.

BOOKS PUBLISHED BY BARROW AND GREENWOOD WHILE IN PRISON.

- THEY AND THEIR ASSISTANTS INDICTED FOR THE SAME, CONVICTED,

AND SENTENCED TO IMMEDIATE EXECUTION. A CONFERENCE WITH

BARROW AND GREENWOOD "FOR THEIR SOULS' HEALTH" AND FOR

THEIR RECANTATION. THE SENTENCE OF THEIR ASSOCIATES COM-

MUTED. BARROW AND GREENWOOD TAKEN TO THE GALLOWS. THEIR

ADDRESSES TO THE PEOPLE. A SECOND REPRIEVE. REJOICINGS OF

THE PEOPLE. TAKEN AGAIN TO TYBURN AND EXECUTED. — THE

SECRET HISTORY OF THEIR RepriEVES AND EXECUTION.

AND HIS FAMILY AT STEPNEY. HIS ARREST THERE.

WHILE IN SCOTLAND.

-

-

HIS PRIVATE NOTES OF WHAT HE HEARD

THERE. HIS PAPERS SEIZED. —

HIMSELF IMPRISONED. — HIS LETTERS

TO HIS WIFE AND CHILDREN. HIS EXAMINATION.

TO THE GOVERNMENT.

-

-

-

- HIS MEMORIAL

HIS DECLARATION AGAINST PROSECUTION FOR

HIS BOOKS. — IS INDICTED, CONVICTED, AND Sentenced to Death for

PRIVATE WRITINGS. HIS EXECUTION.

RY'S STEADFASTNESS. --

- ELIZABETHAN JURIES.— PEN-

HIS FAREWELL LETTERS TO THE CHURCH, TO

HIS WIFE, TO HIS CHILDREN. THE RELATION OF THE QUEEN TO

THESE EXECUTIONS; AND OF THE BISHOPS.

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503

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CHAPTER XVI.

THE PARLIAMENT OF 1592-3.

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-

-

-

DEATH OF THE LORD CHANCELLOR HATTON. THE GREAT SEAL COM-

MITTED TO SIR JOHN PUCKERING AS "LORD KEEPER."— MEETING OF

PARLIAMENT. - OPENING SPEECH OF THE LORD KEEPER. HIS REPLY

TO THE PETITIONS OF THE SPEAKER. - PETER WENTWORTH. - HE AND

OTHERS IMPRISONED. — JAMES MORRICE; HIS TREATISE AGAINST THE

HIGH COURT OF COMMISSION. - INTRODUCES THE SAME SUBJECT TO

THE CONSIDERATION OF THE COMMONS. DEBATE UPON IT. -

THE

QUEEN'S MESSAGE CONCERNING IT.― MORRICE COMMITTED TO PRISON.

-MOTION TO PETITION FOR RELEASE of IMPRISONED MEMBERS.-BILL

FOR REDUCING DISLOYAL SUBJECTS TO THEIR DUE OBEDIENCE. -DE-

BATE UPON IT.

PASSED WITH AMENDMENTS. AN ABSTRACT OF THE

BILL. A BILL AGAINST POPISH RECUSANTS. THE QUEEN'S SPEECH

AT THE CLOSE OF PARLIAMENT. MR. CARTWRIGHT RELEASED FROM

PRISON. - No MORE SEPARATISTS EXECUTED. THE QUEEN ORDERS

THEIR DELIVERANCE FROM PRISON. NEW IMPRISONMENTS. - BANISH-

MENT AND VOLUNTARY EXILE. INDECENT VIOLENCE OF CHIEF JUS-

TICE ANDERSON. THE LULL OF RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION. PURITAN-

ISM TURNS AGGRESSIVE.

THE CHRISTIAN SABBATH.—WILLIAM, LORD BURLEIGH.

-

(A. D. 1559-1599.)

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-

-

OPINIONS OF CRANMER, CoverDALE, BULLINGER, Calvin, and QUEEN

ELIZABETH RESPECTING THE CHRISTIAN SABBATH. THE QUEEN'S

EXAMPLE. THE HABITS OF THE PEOPLE ON SUNDAYS. THE CATAS-

TROPHE AT SOUTHWARK. ITS MORAL EFFECT UPON THE PEOPLE.·

ACTION IN PARLIAMENT FOR THE BETTER OBSERVANCE OF THE SAB-

BATH DAY. THE EFFORTS OF SMITH AND OF GREENHAM FOR THE

SAME OBJECT. DR. BOUND'S BOOK UPON THE Sabbath. THE NEW

DOCTRINE GENERALLY RECEIVED BY THE PEOPLE. OPPOSITION OF THE

PRELATES. LORD BURLEIGH'S BODILY INFIRMITIES. HIS LAST SICK-

NESS, DEATH, AND CHARACTER.

CHAPTER XVIII.

THE PARLIAMENT OF 1601.

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-

THE DISCONTENTED HUMOR OF THE COMMONS AT THEIR ASSEMBLING.

AGGRAVATED BY THEIR EXCLUSION FROM THE UPPER HOUSE AT THE

OPENING OF THE PARLIAMENT.— - A NEW OFFENCE. — THE SPEAKER'S

PETITIONS AND THE LORD KEEPER'S ANSWER. — IRREVERENCE OF THE

COMMONS TOWARDS THE QUEEN. THE TRUE REASON FOR THEIR EX-

CLUSION. MONOPOLIES, THE REASON OF THEIR INCREASE. EXTOR-

TIONS UNDER THEM. A BILL INTRODUCED AGAINST THEM. - DEBATE

A NEW DISCUSSION.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

- THE SUBJECT

UPON IT. - IT IS COMMITTED.

POSTPONED. - A NEW BILL INTRODUCED. ANOTHER DEBATE. THE

SUBJECT RECOMMITTED. BOLD PROPOSAL IN COMMITTEE. THE

HOUSE AGAIN EXCITED. THEIR BOLD AND NOVEL COURSE.-MESSAGE

FROM THE QUEEN. - CECIL'S EXULTANT COMMENTS UPON IT. — REJOIC-

ING OF THE HOUSE. THEY TENDER THEIR THANKS TO THE QUEEN IN

A BODY. HER MAJESTY'S REPLY. - BILLS FOR THE SUPPRESSING OF

IMMORALITIES. BILLS CONCERNING THE SABBATH. — AN ATTEMPT TO

STIFLE FREEDOM OF SPEECH STIFLED.

-

CHAPTER XIX.

PRINCIPLES AND LEGISLATION.

FALSE STATEMENTS RESPECTING THE PRINCIPLES AND BEHAVIOR OF THE

PURITANS. THEIR DOINGS IN PARLIAMENT. THEIR PROGRESS TO-

-

-

WARDS CIVIL LIBERTY.

INDEX

606

647

659

THE PURITANS.

CHAPTER I.

THE TEMPER OF THE PRELATES.

THE PROGRESS OF PURITANISM. ARCHBISHOP WHITGIFT'S APPREHENSIONS. -HIS CARE OF ROBERT BEAL, CLERK OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL. HIS DECREE AGAINST THE FREEDOM OF THE PRESS. THE CASE OF EUSEBIUS PAGET, ARRAIGNED FOR HIS OPINIONS. THE ARGUMENT IN HIS CASE. ——— THE CASE OF THOMAS CAREW. THE ACTION OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL IN HIS BEHALF.-BISHOP AYLMER RESENTS IT. THE Contempt of THE BISHOPS FOR LAW AND FOR HUMANITY, IN THE CASE OF John Gardiner. THE CASE OF THOMAS SETTLE. THE FABLES ABOUT THE ATTEMPTS OF LORD BURLEIGH and SECRETARY WALSINGHAM AT RECONCILIATION.

1585, 1586.

THE administration under which the Puritans had been so severely educated was not that of Episcopacy. No form of ecclesiasticism ever wrought, of itself, by such measures, ever so defeated its own. aims, or ever so effectually and rapidly moulded the manhood of a nation into another form than its own. Pure ecclesiasticism-in distinction from pure religion has no such power. Had the English Church been framed after any other model, the struggle and the result would have been the same. There was no inherent vice in Presbyterianism. There was none in Episcopacy. But in the covenant between Church and State, there was. With only here and there an exception, this bond had been the canker-vice of Christendom for eleven