dently taken from the usual method of drying hides. My interview passed away without a smile, and I obtained a passport and order for the Government post-horses, and this he gave me in the most obliging and ready manner."
In 1835 Rosas made himself dictator, and a more terrible ruler never cursed a nation. A picture of life at the capital, while this
tyrant was feared as much as he was hated and flattered, may be found in the interesting work called "Life in the Argentine Republic in the Days of the Tyrants," by D. F. Sarmiento, afterward President of the Republic, which was translated by Mrs. Horace Mann, and published in New York in 1868. This work was written some years before the downfall of the dictator, and only partly relates to
him. "The Reign of Rosas; or, South American Sketches," by E. C. Fernau, was published in London in 1877. Rosas was defeated in battle by General Urquiza in 1852, and spent the remainder of his days in exile, dying in England in March, 1877.
Sturt, CHARLES. (Page 72.) An English officer, captain of the 39th Regiment; born; died June 16th, 1869, at Cheltenham, England. In 1828-31 he explored the great basin of the Murray River in South-eastern Australia, of which the Murrumbidgee is a tributary. In 1844-46 he penetrated nearly to the centre of the continent. Of these journeys he gave an account in "Two Expeditions into the Interior of Southern Australia" (London, 1833), and "Narrative of an Exploration into Central Australia" (London, 1849).
Symonds, WILLIAM. (Page 76.) An English rear-admiral and naval architect; born 1782; died 1856.
The pronunciation of the more difficult FOREIGN NAMES is indicated in parentheses ( as in fate;
è as in equal; i as in like; ō as in tone; oo as in food). When not indicated, the chief thing to remem-
ber is, that a generally sounds as in father, e like a in fate, i like e in equal, u like oo in food.
Span. Spanish; Port. = = Portuguese; Fr. French; Ger. = German; Dan. = Danish; Eng. :
English.
ACACIA, a tree browsed on by lizards, 60.
Aconcagua, one of the highest peaks of the
Andes, east of Valparaiso, 156.
Acry'dium, a kind of grasshopper, 81.
Adventure, Captain King's ship, in his survey
of Patagonia, 172, 177, 214.
Africa, 81, 126.
Agouti (pron, ah-goo'ty), a rodent of the Pam-
pas, about the size of a rabbit, 123, 124.
Albatross, 197.
Amblyrhyn'cus, a kind of lizard, found only
in the Galapagos Islands-the name means
"blunt-nosed "-56, 58, 59, 78.
America, fossil-bearing rocks of, 181.
Andes, the great mountain range (Cordilleras)
of South America, 156, 178; snow and wa-
ter supply, 194.
Atlantic Ocean once at eastern foot of the
Andes, 178.
Atoll, a circular coral island, 198, 200.
Australia, the great island continent of the
Southern Hemisphere, 50, 165.
Australian, native, 50; mimicry, 95; arts, 103;
capacity inferior to that of Fuegian, 104.
BAHIA (Span. pron., bah-è'ah), a sea-port of
eastern Brazil-the word means "bay "-
83.
Bahia Blanca ("white bay"), on the south
coast of the Argentine Confederation, 44,
63, 71, 73, 74, 109, 111; hibernation of an-
imals, 195, 196.
Balan'dra, a small sloop, 144.
Bananas, 162–164, 171; Tahitian mode of
cooking, 138.
Ant, migrating, 83; enclosing prey, 84; at- Banda Oriental (Span. pron., ban'dah or-è-en-
Antu'co, a volcano in south-eastern Chile, 188,
190.
Apire (Span. pron.. ah-pè'rā), a name given to
the Chilian miner, 130, 131.
Apple-tree, mode of propagating in Chiloe,
products in Chile, 158.
Aptenody'tes demer'sa, the jackass penguin,
65.
Arched openings resisting earthquakes, 186.
Arroyo Tapes (Span. pron., ar-roy'o tah-pace'),
a small stream ("Tapes brook ") in Uru-
guay, 143.
tahl'), also known as Uruguay, a Spanish-
American republic adjoining Brazil on the
south-the name means eastern league"
-48, 71, 126; trees and treelessness, 143;
comparative hilliness, 149; fossil remains,
150.
Beagle, the ship commanded by Captain Fitz
Roy, in which Mr. Darwin made the voyage
round the world, 17, 172, 177, 213, 214.
Beagle Channel, a Y-shaped arm of the sea on
the southern coast of Tierra del Fuego, 52,
101, 102; scenery, 151, 152, 175; glaciers,
153.
Beech-tree overhanging deep water, 53, 151; | Cape Horn, the most southern point in South
Behring's Straits (Dan. pron., bā'ring), sepa-
rating Asia and North America; it is about
thirty-six miles broad, 31, 32.
Bizcacha (Span. pron., bith-kah' tchah), a rab-
bit-like animal, prey of the puma, 45; home
on the Pampas, range, food, flesh good, col-
lections about its burrow, 48.
Blue-gum tree, 166.
Bolas ("balls"), with which Gauchos catch
ostriches and cattle, 71, 121; made and
used by Indians, 107, 108; catch Mr. Dar-
win's horse, 121.
Bones used as fuel, 124.
Booby, a stupid and tame bird, 75.
Boomerang, an Australian missile, 104.
Botafogo Bay, in the Bay of Rio de Janeiro,
39, 41.
Bower bird, Australian, 49, 50.
Brazil, the largest country in South America,
settled by the Portuguese, 112, 113; fruit-
bearing trees, 164; primeval forests, 170.
Bread-fruit, 163, 164.
Buenos Ayres (Span. pron., boo-en'oce ah'e-
ress), the capital of the Argentine Confed-
eration-the name means "fine air"-33,
48, 109, 126, 127, 144, 146; plains, 182.
Bullock wagon of the Pampas, 147, 148.
America, on the last island of the Fuegian
Archipelago, so named in 1616 by its dis-
coverer, Schouten, in honor of his Dutch
birthplace (Hoorn), 42.
Cape of Good Hope, the southern extremity
of Africa, 165.
Capi'bara, or capy'bara, a water-hog, prey of
the jaguar, 46, 145.
Carbonate of lime, a substance manufactured
from sea-water by shell-fish and coral in-
sects, 200.
Carpacho (Span. pron., kar-patch'o), an ore-
sack, in Mexico called tanate (tah-nah'tā),
Casara (Span. pron., kas-sah ́ra), “house-
builder," or oven-bird, 74.
Casarita (Span. pron., kas-sah-rè' tah), “little
house-builder," makes deep holes for nests;
has no idea of thickness, 74.
Castro, the capital of Chiloe, 153.
Casts of trees; remains of trunks in which
the vegetable fibres have been replaced by
tiny particles of stone without altering the
shape, 181.
Cat, jaguar scratches like a, 47.
Caterpillars, turning them into butterflies a
heresy, 132.
Charles Island, one of the Galapagos group,
60, 78.
CACIQUE (Span. pron., kath-ē kā), an Indian Chatham Island, the easternmost of the Gala-
chief, 108.
Cactus, 59; food of lizards, 60; of tortoises,
61; on the Parana, 148; in Chile, 194.
Callao (Span. pron., kal-yah'o), port of Lima,
159; liability to earthquake waves, 190.
Camping out, on the Pampas, 123; in Tahiti,
136.
Cannibalism of Fuegians, 101, 175.
Cape Blanco, on the east coast of Patagonia—
the name means "white"-44.
also a cape on the west coast of
Northern Africa, 81.
Cape de Verd Islands, west of Northern Afri-
ca, in the Atlantic Ocean-the name means
"green"-64, 81.
Cape Gregory, in Patagonia, on Magellan
Strait, 104.
Chile (Span. pron., tehēlā), a Spanish-Amer-
ican republic on the Pacific coast of South
America, 44, 45, 67, 109, 118, 129, 154; a
raised coast, 159; mountains, 178; fossil
shells and wood, 181; barrenness in north,
194.
Chileno (Span. pron., tchè-lā'no), an inhabi-
tant of Chile, trap for condors, 68; po-
liteness, 128; wonder at the naturalist, 129;
superstition about volcanoes, 188; miners'
improvidence, 129, funeral procession, 130,
heavy loads, 130, endurance, 131.
Chiloe (Span. pron., tchè-lo-a'), a large island
south of Chile, 153; abundant apple-trees,
158, 167; prospect, 177; earthquakes, 189,
190.
China (Span. pron., tchè'nah), a young In- Cornwall, the south-western extremity of Eng-
dian woman, 106.
Corral', a yard or enclosure, 111.
Choiseul Sound (Fr. pron., shwah-zurl'), on the
east side of the largest of the Falkland Isl- | Corrobery, Australian dancing-party, 138, 140
ands, 124.
Cholechel (Span. pron., teho-lā-tchel'), an isl- | Crab, plunders the noddy's nest, 75, 76; on
and in the Rio Negro, La Plata, 108.
Chonos Archipelago (Span. pron., teho'noce),
on the west coast of Patagonia, 50; earth-
quake, 190.
Chuzo (Span. pron., tchooth'o), a pike, 108.
Cockroaches surrounded by ants, 83.
Cocoa-nut, 138, 163, 171, 198, 199; opened
and stripped by crabs, 89.
Cocos Islands (see Keeling), 86, etc.
Colonia, a town in south-western Uruguay,
128.
Combs of ladies of Buenos Ayres, 127.
Concepcion (Span. pron., kon-thepth-ē-ōn'), a
town near the west coast of Chile, destroy-
ed by earthquake, 184-186; connection with
Juan Fernandez, 188, with Chiloe, 189, 190.
Conchalee (in the Spanish form, Conchali), a
town on the west coast of Chile, rainfall,
193.
Condor, a carrion bird, preys on the guanaco,
44; on goats and lambs, 68; plunders the
puma, 45; size and range, 66; lives on
steep cliffs, roosts on trees, egg-laying, 67;
how caught, 68; poor sense of smell, 69;
sharp sight, mode of flying, 70.
Conglomerate, a mass of rock particles, 203.
Copiapó, a town of northern Chile, fossil shells
and wood, 181; earthquake, 192; rainfall,
193; irrigation, 194.
Coquimbo (Span. pron., ko-kem'bo), a north-
ern seaport of Chile, earthquake, 191;
rainfall, 193.
Coral reef of Tahiti, 163, of Keeling Island,
198; resistance to breakers, 199.
Coralline, a marine plant, 174.
Keeling Island, lives on cocoa-nuts, 86-89,
in burrows, 89; yields oil, strong pincers,
89; found in kelp, 174.
Cufre (Span. pron., koo'frā), a post in Uru-
guay, 149.
Cuttle-fish, means of hiding, change of color,
64; walks with difficulty, 64; inhabits the
kelp, 174.
DARWIN, Charles, sketch of the life of, 17.
Deer, the prey of the puma, 45.
Demivolt, a mode of raising up his forelegs
to which a horse is trained, 119.
Der Freischütz (Ger. pron., derr fri'shèts—
nearly), the free-shooter". -name of an
opera by the German composer C. M. von
Weber, first performed in 1822--94.
Dog, shepherd - dog's training. 37; cowardly
at the house, brave with the flock, 38; drives
off condors, 68; Fuegian dog not eaten till
old women are, 101.
Dove, 76-78.
EARTHQUAKE, of February 20, 1835, 183–192;
of 1751, 188; of 1837, 190; of 1822, 192;
effect on land and sea, 183; in upheaving,
184, 190; moral effect, 183, 186, 191, 192;
relation to volcanic eruptions, 188; subter-
ranean connections, 188, 189.
Edwards, Mr., an English resident of Co-
quimbo in 1835, 191.
Elephant, fossil remains in South America, 31,
Hunchback "-called "famous" to distin-
guish it from other mountains having the
same name, as, for instance, the Corcovado
in the vicinity of Rio-177.
Corcova'do ("hunchback "), a volcano in the El famo'so Corcova'do (Span.), "the famous
southern extremity of Chile, 177.
Cordillera (Span. pron., kor-del-yer'ah), a
mountain chain-in the foregoing pages gen-
erally the same as the Andes-45, 66, 67,
105, 109, 159.
Cormorant, 51; playing with its prey, 65; de-
pendent on kelp, 175.
Emu, good swimmer, 72; male hatches the
eggs, 74; Emu dance among Australian ne-
groes, 139.
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