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fulfill the conditions of his oath of office, which made him personally responsible to the King, and if he violated it, he could not plead the orders of the Governor in his defence, the Governor himself being subordinate to his Majesty. The Lt. Governor of the island is, in fact, upon the same footing and establishment as many local governors of forts and castles in England and receives a salary direct from the Crown." His power and privileges.-The Lt. Governor has all the power and privileges of the Governor, the latter being allowed to stay away and to enjoy his situation as a sinecure. It is even doubtful,' (says Mr. Durell) if his residence would enable him to exercise the functions of a Governor, without some new permission from the Crown. The Lieut. Governor, in addition to his allow. ances from Government, receives from the King's revenues in Jersey, nine shillings and six pence a day, according to a report of these revenues laid before the House of Commons in 1822, and about £20 worth of fowls for his table.' His Responsibility.--The Governor, and Lieut. Governor hold office only during the King's pleasure, and in case of oppression or other misconduct, any individual aggrieved may lay complaint against either of them before his Majesty in Council, and petition for his removal. [Mostyn v. Fabrigas, Cowp. 175. It seems, however, that the power of the King in Counci! extends to removal only and not to further punishment.-European settlements, vol. 2. p. 302.] The Court of King's Bench in England also has cognizance of offences committed by Colonial Governors, or they may be tried before commissioners assigned for that purpose by his Majesty. [By virtue of the Statutes 11 and 12, W. 3. c. 12. and 42 Geo. 7. c. 85. Vide 8 East, 31.] and their conduct is of course examinable, where other remedies fail, in Parliament.-[Clarke's Colonial Law.] His induction into office.-The Lieutenant-Governor is inducted into office with great ceremony before the full Court, where he produces his Patent, which after having been read, the oath prescribed in the Code of Laws, is administered to him. His Oath." Inasmuch as it has pleased God to call you to the office of Lieut. Governor of the Castles and Isle of Jersey, you promise and swear here in the presence of God, that you will faithfully exercise the said office, under our Sovereign Lady Queen Victoria the First, by the Grace of God, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Dominions belonging thereto, renouncing all foreign powers and preserving only her rights. You shall assist and defend all Jurisdictions, Privileges, Pre-eminences and Authorities belonging to her Majesty, and with all your knowledge and Power, keep and

preserve the said Isle and Castles against the incursions and surprises of enemies, as also all Liberties, Rights, Dignities, Laws, Customs and privileges of the said Isle and Castles, for the public good and advancement of the same. Also you shall render your assistance to the justice of Her Majesty, that it may be revered and obeyed, and her sentences and ordinanees duly executed; you shall oppose all traitors, murderers, thieves, house breakers, mutinous and seditious persons, that the forcé may remain to the Queen: you promise the same to the acquittal of your conscience." Declaration.-After the Lt. Governor has taken the oath, he is required to subscribe to the usual declaration made by public functionaries on taking office,that he will not conspire to overthrow the Church, as by law established. His absence or death.-On the absence or death of the Governor, Lieut. Gov., or such officer as may be in command, the Court has the power of swearing in the next superior military officer, as Deputy Governor, and during his administration he is entitled to the Lieut. Governor's pay.

Governor, his presence in Court.-The Governor seldom attends the Royal Court, as his presence might be in some measute attributed to the desire of overawing its proceedings. Mr. Dumaresq, Chap. V. thus describes his power. "He is also to be present in all matters that concern His Majesty's interest or prerogative, but has no voice. But the King's Minister, by his order, may appeal."

Governor, interdicted from nominating and appointing the Crown Officers.-The following is the concluding clause of the Letters Patent of James I:" And to the end that hereafter all difficulties concerning the Nomination, Institution, and Appointment of the Officers aforesaid may be taken away, We, by the advice and mature deliberation of our Counsell, have commanded and ordered, and by these Presents for Us, our Heirs, and Successors, do command and order, that henceforth no Bailiffe, Deane, Vicomte, Procuror, Advocate to Us, shall be made and appointed, but immediately by Letters Patent under our Great Seal, in the Name and by the Authority of Us, our Heirs, and Successors, Kings of this Realm of Eng. land, and Dukes of Normandy, and not otherwise. And we do likewise command and enjoyne, and by these Presents do straightly command and enjoyne the said Sir John Peyton, and all other Captains or Governors of the said Island, present and to come, never hereafter to attempt or intermeddle in any wise in the Nomination, Institution, and Appointment of the said Offices of Bailiffe, Deane, Viscount, our Attorney, or Advocate, or any other Public Officer of Justice within the

said isle, or in any wise to infringe or violate, either the Priviledge granted to the inhabitants thereof by the most excellent Prince of famous Memory King Henry the Seventh, or the Statutes and Ordinances made by the same King for the good and peaceable Government of the same island, upon paine to incur our indignation, and further Punishment at our Pleasure. And to the end that this Act be duely put in execution, We do further command that the same be entered as well into the Register of Counsell Causes, as in the Royal Court there, and to give notice from time to time unto Us and our PrivyCounsell of the Contraventions attempted in prejudice of the same. For such is our Pleasure. In witness whereof We have caused these our Letters to be made Patent. Witness ourselves at Westminster the 9th day of August in the thirteenth year of our Reign of England, France, and Ireland,and of Scotland the nine and fortieth."

Grande-Enquête, or Grand Inquest, is composed of 24 persons being principaux, taken from the three neighbouring parishes, in which the prisoner lived. They are summoned on the evening previous to trial, and after sun set, so that they may not have any intercourse with each other.

Grande visite des Chemins.-This for the parish of St. Helier, is composed of the Bailiff and three or more Jurats and officers of the Court, assisted by a Jury of twelve of the principal inhabitants called voyers. The Jury is sworn to conduct the Court through the public roads, and to report to it all impediments and nuisances which they may find therein : when the parties causing the same are mulct in certain fines from one shilling and sixpence upwards. After they have perambulated the parish, the Court and Jury dine together at some hotel, the Magistrates and Officers in one room and the Jury in another. For this repast, the Governor, (Lord Beresford) who pays all the public officers, and for their dinners, out of the Crown Revenues, allows the niggardly price of one shilling and sixpence per head !

Greffier, is clerk of the Court: he receives £45 per annum, for his attendance at all the sittings of the Court, the States, and at the Greffe Office; for drawing up and registering all public documents, acts, orders, judgments, and sentences, and for keeping all the records thereto belonging; for furnishing the Crown Officers with copies of all proceedings in criminal cases and the like. He is also entitled to certain fees for drawing copies of public documents for private parties. The following is a translation of his oath of office :-You swear and promise by the faith and oath that you owe to God, that well

and faithfully you will execute the office and charge of Greffier in this Royal Court of our Sovereign Lady Queen Victoria, the First, by the Grace of God, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith &c., the Majesty of whom you acknowledge under God, supreme Governor in all her Kingdoms, Countries, Isles, Lands and Seigneuries, in all causes as well spiritual as secular: also that you will be faithful and loyal to Her Majesty and to her nobles and legitimate successors; that you will register faithfully the sentences of the Court according as they shall be pronounced by the mouth of the Judge that you will show obedience to the Bailiff, the Lieutenant Bailiff and Jurats, and keep faithfully the registers of the Court and other acts or public charters which shall be committed to you to keep; and that if any thing comes to your knowledge which belongs to the rights of her Majesty, which was allienated you shall inform the Court thereof.

Greffier Arbitre.-The Greffier or Clerk of the Court, exercises the duty of a Tax master, and referee for the settlement of such accounts as may be sent to him by the Court, and holds a sitting for that purpose, immediately after the rising of the Cour du Billet, every fortnight, during term. The cause. must be summoned before him in due form; first, to deliver the account to defendant, of which he makes a record; secondly, to receive defendant's answer, in which is embodied his pretension and objections, when a record is made of the same, in like manner; thirdly, for plaintiff to put in his reply, which being duly recorded, the Greffier refers the parties back again to the Court that it might be ordered accordingly. This measure is generally adopted at the closing of the term, when a plaintiff wishes to postpone judgment, and is the means of prolonging a cause about six or nine months, without one single point being gained, with the exception of drawing up a plea, which might otherwise be done in five minutes. Greffe-Office-" Orders for bringing in and for the safe-keeping, as well of all evidences belonging to His Majesty, as also of all evidences whatsoever concerning the public estate of the Isle of Jersey; made and set down by us Sir Robert Gardiner, Knight, and James Hussey, Doctor of Laws, His Majesty's Commissioners, 1608.

"Whereas there hath been divers and sundrie complaints exhibited unto us, as well by the Railly and Jurats as by his Majesty's Procureur, shewing that both his Majesty's evidences, as extents, rentals with such like, and the charters, decrees, court rooles, and other muniments, escripts and actes of the Royal Court are not soe safely and orderly kept as they

ought to be, in some certain place or office, whether all meu, to whom it shall appertains, may resort to see and perose them as their need shall require; and for that it is likewise complained that many of them have been, and are yet, dispersed into the hands of sundrie as well of justices as others,being but private persons and not sworn to the common good of the Isle, soe that as well as the records and writings appertaine to the Royal Court of Justice, as also the evidences aforesaid concerning his Majesty,are in danger to be torn, raised, corrupted, and defaced or lost, which if it should happen, would greatly tend to the prejudice, hinderance, and detriment of his Highness and of all his well-disposed subjects within this Island, for avoiding all which, and the like inconveniency or mischief, which thereof hereafter ensue, we doe by the consent of Sir John Peyton, the now Governor, and the Bailly, and jurates, appointe, order and decree as followeth.

1. That all evidences, any wise concerning the sole title and interest of His Majesty, shall between this and Christmas next, be brought and delivered to the now Governor, or in his absence to the Lieutenant for the time being, upon paine to be inflicted upon every party that shall longer detaine any of the said evidences contrary to the true meaning of this our order, the sum of five Pounds sterling, to be levied by the Governor, or his officers, after due conviction of the parties, before the Bailly and Justices which evidences will require to be safely kept, for his Majesty's use, by the said Governor and his successors; whereof there shall be an authentical inventory made and delivered to the Bailly and Justices, for the best preservation of his Majesty's rights upon any occasion, soe that on the change of every Governor his Majesty may know what evidences he may justly challenge of their executors, and where to finde a true note of the same.

II. That all evidences and public records, concerning the public state of the Island, shall be brought in and delivered to the Bailly and Justices by the time aforesaid, and upon like paine of five pounds to be lieved by the said Bailly and Justices, and the Officers appertaining to the Court, which evidences we require to be by them safely kept in their common chest or treasury, under three strong locks and keys, the which one shall always be kept by the Bailly, one other by the chief Jurat, and the third by the Greffier.

III. That it shall not be lawful for the Bailly or any of Justices, or for any other person whatever, to take away any of the said evidences, out of the said chest or treasure, into his own custody, to be seen or copied out, or for any other