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Circulation, 146

Classification of animals, 8-11

Coelenterates, 222-228

Cold, effect of, 313

Colonies, 70, 71
Colour-change, 52, 53

Colouring, protective, 48, 49
variable, 49-51
Colours of animals, 49-53
of flat-fishes, 315
Commensalism, 68, 69
Competition, internal, 67

Concealment of animals, 47

Conjugation, 214

Consciousness, 150-152
Co-operation, 69

Corals, 26, 27, 227

Coral snakes, 59

Courtship of birds, 96
mammals, 96
spiders, 101-105
Crabs, masking of, 61, 62

and sea-anemones, 68, 69
Cranes, gregarious life of, 73
Crayfish, 25

Crocodilians, 263, 264
Cruelty of nature, 43-45
Crustacea, 239, 240

life-history of, 198-202
Cuckoo, 114, 115

Cuttlefish, 52, 66

Cyclostomata, 252

DARWIN, Charles, 292-296
Erasmus, 288, 289

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Eggs, 191, 192
Elaps, 59

Elephant hawk-moth, 59
Encystation, 41

Endoderm, 196

Environment, 306-319

Ephemerides, 106, 107

Epiblast, 196

Epigenesis, 324

Evolution, evidences of, 273-281

factors of, 299-302

theories, history of, 282-301
of sex, 188

Extinct types, 206, 207

FAMILY, evolution of, 91
life, 91
Fats, 134

Feigning death, 66
Fertilisation, 193-195
Filial regression, 338
Fishes, 9, 253-256

parental care among, 109, 110
Flight of birds, 123, 124
Flowers and insects, 28, 29

Flukes, 229

Food, influence of, 310-313
Freshwater fauna, 6-8
Friar-birds, 59

Frog, 258

Function, influence of, 303

GASTRÆA theory, 197

Gastrula, 195, 196

Genealogical tree, 12, 13

Intelligence, lapse of, 166
Intelligent actions, 155

Geological record, imperfection of, Iron, importance of, 19

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ICHNEUMON flies, 64

Idealism, 142

Impressions, 151

Industries of animals, 116-124

Infusorians, 211

multiplication of, 38
Innate actions, 155
Insects, 241-243
parental care of, 108
and flowers, 28
Instinct, 153-166

origin of, 163-166
Instincts defined, II
incomplete, 158
mixed, 163
primary, 163
secondary, 163

Insulation of animals, 46

Isolation, 300, 301

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"immortality" of, 172

psychical life of, 215-218
structure of, 213

and Metazoa, transition between,

88, 89, 171-174

Psychology, 149

Pupa of caterpillars, 50

order of appearance of, 175, Puss-moth, 63, 64

176

rudimentary, 178, 179

substitution of, 178

Orioles, 59

Ovists, 191

Ovum, 191-193
theory, 196

Oysters, mortality of, 43

RADIANT energy, influence of,

313-316

Recapitulation, 197, 279
Reflex actions, 155
Reproduction, 184-190
Reptiles, 9, 259-264
Respiration, 146

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