The details or leading events of each sovereign's reign, being given in the analysis which precedes each chapter, are not recapitulated in the Index.
ABBEY CRAIG, 282
Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury, the Calvinistic divine, 520, 539. Aberdeen, Earl of, his ministry of 1852-55, 788; superseded by Lord Palmerston, 806.
Aboukir, French fleet defeated at, 762. Abraham, battle on the heights of, 711. Absolutism supported by the Church
and clergy, 539; decision of the judges in favour of, 552. Acre, St. Jean d', captured by Richard I., 214; defended by Sir Sidney Smith, 762.
Addington made Prime Minister, 762. Adelaide, Queen, 778.
Adelais of Louvaine, 164. Administrations of the reign of George III., 760-2; of George IV., 776; of William IV., 787; of Victoria, 788, 799.
Adrian III., Pope, 179. Afghanistan, English expedition to, 813; disastrous retreat from, ib.; retributive vengeance inflicted on, 814.
Africa, trade with, promoted, 705. Agincourt, battle of, 368, 369. Agra, butcheries of, 811. Agricola, his campaigns in Britain, 19; his high character, 20; defeats the Caledonians, 23; sails round the Orkneys, 24.
Aix-la-Chapelle, peace of, 630; treaty of, 705; dissatisfaction with the treaty, 709.
Albemarle, Duke of (General Monk),
at the head of the Parliamentary forces, 605; effects the restoration of the Stuarts, 606; made Duke of Albemarle, 610; fights the Dutch at sea, 615.
Alberoni, the Spanish minister, 687. Albert of Saxe-Coburg married to Queen Victoria, 792.
Albinus, the Roman general, 25. Alectus, 26.
Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln, 163. Alexander of Parma, the Spanish general, 485.
Alexander III., King of Scotland, married to Joan, the king's sister, 257; killed, 265. Alexander III., Pope, 179, 186, 192; his interference in the quarrel be- tween Becket and the king, 194. Alexander VI, the wicked pope, 420. Alfred the Great, 54; his difficulties, 55; anecdotes of, 56; genius and energy of, 59; death of, 76. Algiers, bombardment of, 762. "All the Talents," 743. Alma, battle of the, 808. Almanza, battle of, won French, 674.
Alphege, Archbishop, 72.
Alba, Duke of, 481; the sanguinary persecutor of Protestantism, 481. Ambrosius, 36.
America, Philip of Spain's assumed
monopoly of, 483; colonization of, 705; war with, 758; naval contests with, 758, 759.
American colonies, on the loss of the, 718; quarrel with, and its causes, 728, 724; rebellion and civil war, 725 et seq.; France enters into an alliance with, 729; surrender of Lord Cornwallis at York Town, 730; their independence acknow- ledged, ib.
Amherst, General, 711. Amiens, peace of, 741. Amusements, popular, 519, 520. Angles, 34.
Anjou ceded to the French, 381. Anjou, Duke of, 499.
Anne, Princess, daughter of James II.,
644, 646; Queen of England, 667; her reign, 667-681. (See Analysis, 667.)
Anne of Bohemia, 340; married to Richard II., 340, 341.
Anne, wife of Richard III.; death of, 402.
Anne, Princess of Cleves, married to
Henry VIII., but repudiated, 445. Anselm, Archbishop, his quarrel with William II., 134; recalled by Henry I., 141, 143.
Anson, Commodore, voyages of, 715. Anti-Corn-law League, 793. (See CORN-LAWS.)
Appropriation clause for applying the surplus revenue of the Irish Church, 786.
Aquitaine taken from the English,
rity over the, 566; mutiny of the, 577; resolves to maintain its su- premacy, 602, 604, 605; feeling ex- hibited by the, temp. James II., 644. Arnold, General, 727. Arteveldt, James Van, the citizen leader of Ghent, 299; murder of, 305.
Arthur, the British king, 41. Arthur, Prince, hereditary sovereign of England, 228; murdered by King Jolin, 230.
Arthur, Prince, son of Henry VII., married to Catherine of Spain, 420 ; death of, ib.; his widow married to Henry VIII., 425.
Artillery, first introduction of, 318. Arts, Royal Academy of, established, 761.
Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury, the bigoted persecutor, 365. Ashburnham, General, 810. Aske, Robert, originator of the "Pil- grimage of Grace," executed, 443. Assassins, tribe of, in the valleys of the Lebanon, 217.
Asselin, son of Arthur, 119. Atheists, punishment of, 491. Atheling, title of, 85.
Athelstane, the Saxon king, 60; con- federacy against him, ib.; his con- quests, ib.
Athelwald, 66, 67. Athol, Duke of, 673. Atrebatii, the, 94 n.
Atterbury, Bishop, his plot in favour of the Pretender, 691. Aubrey de Vere, 164.
Auckland, Lord, his disastrous expe- dition in Afghanistan, 813; is su- perseded, 814.
Augustine's introduction of Chris- tianity, 43; recognised as Arch- bishop of Canterbury, ib. Austerlitz, battle of, 743. Australia, discovery of gold in, 797, 798.
Austria declares war against France,
749; contemporary sovereigns of, 763, 777, 788.
Avignon, the pope at, 312; rival bishops of, 358.
Avisa of Gloucester, first wife of King
John, 229; her repudiation, ib. Azoff, Sea of, naval operations in the, 807.
BABINGTON, Anthony, conspiracy of to assassinate Queen Elizabeth, 484. Bacon, Lord, minister of Queen Eliza- beth, 480; the greatest philosopher of his age, 495; created Lord Ve- rulam and Lord Chancellor, 526; accused of bribery and corruption, 528.
Baden Hill, battle of, 48.
Badlesmere, Lord, executed by Ed- ward II., 286.
Bal, the Druidical deity, 17. Balaclava taken possession of by the English squadron, 804; destruc- tive cavalry charge at, ib.
Baldock, the chancellor, capture and death of, 289.
Balwin de Rivers, 159. Baldwin de Bethune, 218.
Baliol, Edward, a candidate for the Scottish throne, 266; Edward I. decides in his favour, 267; insults to which he is exposed, 268; does homage to Edward I., 269; defeats the royal army, and is crowned at Scone, 296; expelled, 297; driven from the throne, 302.
Ball, John, a priest of Kent, 332; his execution, 336.
Ballard, a Romish priest, instigates
the assassination of Queen Eliza- beth, 484.
Balmerino, Lord, beheaded, 703. Baltic, naval expedition in the, 801. Bancroft, Archbishop, 520. Bangor, slaughter of the Britons at,
Bank Restriction Act passed, 761. Bannockburn, battle of, 283. Barcelona, siege and capture of, 670. Bardolf, 355.
Barnet, battle of, 394. Baron, title of, 114.
Barons, measures of Henry II. for weakening their power, 207; their revolt against the tyranny of King John, 236; extort Magna Charta, 237; excommunicated by the Pope, 239; John revenges himself upon them, ib.; their contests, 240; swear fealty to Louis, the young prince of France, ib.; their contests with John, 241; defeated at Lin- coln, 243; their contests with Henry III., 250, 251; expel the
foreign favourites, 250; defeat the king's forces at Lewes, 252; destroy the authority of Henry VI., 386. Barton, Elizabeth, the "Maid of Kent," 440; executed, 441. Bastwick, 558.
Bayard, Chevalier, 426. Bayeux, capture of, 373.
Bayonne taken from the English, $82.
Beachy Head, naval action off, 657. Beaton, Archbishop, murder of, 446. Beauchamp of Warwick, 377. Beaufort, Cardinal, Bishop of Win- chester, his priestly tyranny, 379. Beaufort, Joanna, 376. Beaufort, Margaret, 395.
Beauvais, Bishop, captured and im- prisoned, 223,
Becket, Thomas à, his rise in the Church, 176, 177; his birth and parentage, 177; Archdeacon and Chancellor of England, 177; anec- dotes of, 178; made Archbishop of Canterbury, 179; his hypocritical sanctity, 180; his insolent de- mands, ib.; his violent opposition to the Constitutions of Clarendon, and rebellious spirit, 183, 184; evils of the contests with, 188, 189; his reconciliation with the king, 195; his arrival at Canterbury, 196; murder of, 197; consternation at the deed, 199; declared a saint and martyr, ib.; the king does penance at his tomb, 205. Bedford, John Plantagenet, Duke of,
defeats the allied squadrons of Spain, Genoa, and France, 371; his measures, 375, 376; defeats the French army at Verneuil, 376. Bedloe, the informer, 622. Belasis, Mr., imprisoned, 556.
Belesme, Robert de, Earl of Shrews- bury, charges against, 143; his ba- nishment, 144; his reinstatement, 146.
Belgium separated from Holland, 784; Prince Leopold elected sovereign, ib.
Belleisle, naval victory of, 704. Benedict X., Pope, 87.
Benedict XIII., the rival pope of Gregory XII., 358.
Benevolences declared illegal, 540; exacted by Charles I., 542.
Bengal army, revolt of the, 810, Beorn, the Saxon Thane, death of, 81. Berkley, Sir Maurice, 463.
Berkley Castle, murder of Edward II. at, 290.
Bernicians, the, 40.
Bertha, wife of Ethelbert, 43. Bertrand de Guesclin, 321; his mili- tary prowess and tactics, 322, 323. Bertrand de Gourdon slays Richard I., 224.
Berwick, flight of Edward II. to, 284. Berwick, James Duke of, one of the greatest commanders of the age,
Bible, translation of the, 318, 454, 521; perverted to the justification of the most odious crimes, 588. Bigod, Roger, Earl of Norfolk, 278. Billeting of soldiers as a penalty de- clared illegal, 540.
Bishoprics of Ireland partly abo- lished, 782.
Bishops, impeachment of the, 564,
565; James the Second's proceed- ings against seven of them for re- fusing to read the "Declaration of Indulgence," 642, 648; their trial and acquittal, 643, 644.
Black Prince at the battle of Crecy,
306. (See EDWARD.)
Black Sea, naval expedition in the, 801, 807; disastrous storm in the, 806.
Blackfriars Bridge built, 761. Blake, Admiral, his naval operations
against the Spaniards, 501; ap- pointed admiral of the fleet, 590; retreats before the Dutch, 594; de- feats the Dutch, 595; attacks and burns the fleet of Spanish galleons near the Canaries, 600.
Blanche of Castile sends succours to Prince Louis of France, 243; at war with England, 246. Blenheim, battle of, 669. Blois, royal house of, 156-171. Blois, Count of. (See STEPHEN.) Blondel, the troubadour, romantic story of, 221.
"Bloody Assizes," 636.
Bloody Mary," title of, applied to Queen Mary, 470.
Bloody Statute, passing of the, 449. Blore Heath, battle of, 387.
Blucher, General, at the battle of Waterloo, 752-4.
Blue Bonnets of Scotland, their unex- pected wealth received from the delivering up of Charles I., 576. Blunt, the director of the South Sea bubble, 689, 690.
Boadicea, the British queen, 17; de-
feated and slain, 18.
Bohemia, blind king of, slain, 307; James the First's interference with, 527; national agitation respecting,
Bohun, Humphrey de, Earl of Here- ford, 273.
Boleyn, Anna, history of, 435, 436; married to Henry VIII., 440; be- headed, 442. Bolingbroke, Henry of, eldest son of John of Gaunt and cousin of Richard II., 333, 343; minister of Richard, 343; made Earl of Derby and Duke of Hereford, 345; his quarrel with Mowbray, Duke of Nor- folk, 345, 346; banished, 346; his return, 347; his assumption of power, 348; proclaimed king, ib. (see HENRY IV.). Bolingbroke, St. John, Lord, 679; im- peachment of, 683.
Bonaparte, Napoleon, recaptures Tou- lon, 743; made general of the army of Italy, 735. (See NAPOLEON I.) Bonaparte, Joseph, King of Spain, 745; insurrection against, ib. Bonaparte, Jerome, King of West- phalia, 475.
Bonaparte, Louis, King of Holland,
Bonaparte, Lucien, 745; his epic
poem on Charlemagne, ib. Boniface VIII. seized and insulted by the French, 273.
Bonner, Bishop, imprisonment of,
457; his cruel persecutions, 467. "Book of Sports," 550.
Bordeaux taken from the English,
Boroughbridge, battle of, 286. Boscawen, Admiral, 714.
Boston, U. S., popular outbreak at,
Bothwell, husband of Mary Queen of Scots, 478.
Bothwell Bridge, Covenanters de- feated at, 623.
Boucher, Joan, executed for denying
the divinity of Christ, 456. Boufflers, General, 663.
Boulogne, Henry the Eighth's expe- dition against, 447; capture of, 447, 449; Napoleon's hostile atti- tude at, and threatened invasion, 740.
Bourbon, Duke of, sacks Rome, and imprisons the Pope, 434; is killed, ib.
Boyne, battle of the, 655. Brackenbury, keeper of the Tower, 400.
Braddock, General, 711.
Bradshaw, president, who tried King Charles, 582; his body hung at Tyburn, 609.
Brandon, Sir William, slain, 405. Breadalbane, Earl of, 659. Breakspear, 178.
Breda, peace of, 616.
Brenville, battle of, 148.
Brest taken possession of by the British, 330; captured by Admiral Frobisher, 492. Breteuil, De, 140.
Bretigni, peace of, 320.
Bretons, their indignation against King John, 231. Brigantes, the, 18, 94.
Bright, John, his efforts for repealing
the Corn-Laws, 794. Bristol, assault on, 569, Bristol, Lord, 529, 530.
Britain, Celtic occupation of, 1 et seq.;
the different possessors of, 2; geo- graphy of, 3; pursuits of the in- habitants, ib.; their traffic and in- tercourse with foreigners, 4, 5; invaded by Julius Cæsar, 5; com- paratively unknown at that period, 7; first dawnings of civilization and art, 8; priests of, ib; conquests of Vespasian and Ostorius Scapula, 14; invaded and reduced by Clau- dius, 16; general state of before the departure of the Romans, 28; exposed to the attacks of the northern barbarians, 29, 34; 80- licits the Romans for assistance, but in vain, 35; invaded by the Danes, 50, 54. (See GREAT BRI- TAIN.)
British Museum established, 715. Britons, Ancient, 2; their first expe- dition to Gaul against Julius Cæsar, 5; their resistance to the Roman invasion, 6; their religion, 8, 9; slaughter of, at Bangor, 44.
Brittany, the great fief of, 303. Brittany, Duke of, 376; supported by Henry VII., 414,
Broke, Lord Willoughby de, 415. Brougham, Lord, an advocate for educating the poor, 768. Brownists, punishment of, 491. Bruce, Alexander, brother of Robert Bruce, executed, 278.
Bruce, David, Prince of Scotland, 292; enters Scotland and expels Baliol from the throne, 302.
Bruce, Edward, crowned king of Ulster, 284; defeated and slain near Dundalk, 285.
Bruce, Nigel, brother of Robert Bruce, hanged at Berwick, 277.
Bruce, Robert, the Norman, 161. Bruce, Robert, Lord of Carrick, a can- didate for the Scottish crown, 266 ; raises the standard of revolt, 270; excites an insurrection against English domination, 276; stabs Earl Comyn, ib.; crowned at Scone as Robert I. of Scotland, ib.; his active measures for resisting Eng- lish invasion, 277, 278; his energy and activity in defending Scotland against the English invasion, 281-284.
Bruce, Thomas, brother of Robert Bruce, executed, 278.
Bruges, flourishing state of, in the fourteenth century, 298, 299; arti- sans of, 372.
Brunswick, House of, 682 et seq. Buckingham, Edward, Duke of, pro- motes the usurpation of Richard Duke of Gloucester, 399; conspires in favour of Henry Duke of Rich- mond, 401; betrayed and executed, ib. Buckingham, Edward Stafford, Duke of, executed, 432.
Buckingham, George Villiers, Duke of, favourite of James I., 524; extra- ordinary honours conferred upon him and his family, 525; his great influence, 526; goes with Prince Charles on a secret mission to Madrid, 529; his arrogance, 583, 535; sent as special ambassador to bring home Henrietta Maria of France, 534; insulted by Cardinal Richelieu, ib.; his treachery, 535; impeached by Parliament, 537; his hatred of Cardinal Richelieu,
« ПредыдущаяПродолжить » |