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INDEX.

Soult, Marshal, defeat of, 746.
South Saxons, kingdom of the, 94 n.
South Sea Bubble, 689; immense

losses sustained by the, 690, 691.
Southampton, Lord, 495.
Sovereigns, contemporary, from the
Norman occupation, 90 et seq. and
at the beginning of each succeeding
chapter.

Spain, defeat of her fleet off the coast

of Kent, 312; war with, temp.
Richard II., 330; contemporary
sovereigns of, from the accession of
the House of Tudor, 406 et seq. and
at the beginning of each succeed-
ing chapter; at war with France,
425; power of, temp. Queen Mary,
462; vast extent of territories be-
longing to, 470; combines with
France to exterminate heresy, 481;
active hostilities against, 482;
her formidable preparations for
the invasion of England, 484,
485, 488, 489; her invincible
armada destroyed, 490; her fleets
defeated and destroyed by the
English and Dutch, 492; her de-
graded state after the loss of the
United Provinces, 507; war de-
clared against, 530; Cromwell's
successes against, 598; Lord Peter-
borough's campaign in, 670; war
with, 687, 697, 721, 729; her
fleet destroyed, 688; insurrection
in, against Joseph Bonaparte,
745; English expedition sent
to, ib.; victories of the British
in, 762; contemporary sovereigns
of, 763; French invasion of, in
defence of Ferdinand VII., 770;
contemporary sovereigns of, 777.
Spaniards attack and burn the
southern ports of England, 329;
defeated by John Philpot, 331;
fruitless expedition against the,
535; hostilities provoked by their
insolence, 697.

Spanish American colonies, their in-
dependence acknowledged by Eng-
land, 770.

Spanish squadron destroyed by the
Dutch at Dover, 554.
Spanish succession, war of the, 669.
Spencer, Lord, death of, 784.
Spensers, favourites of Edward II.,
285, 286; banished, 286; their re-
turn, ib.; their execution, 289.

Spurs, battle of the, 426.

Spy system, 765.

851

Stamford Bridge, battle of, 97.
Stamp Act of the American colonies
repealed, 725.

Standard, battle of the, 161.
Stanley, Thomas, Lord, declares for
Richmond at the battle of Bosworth,
404.

Stanley, Sir William, his treachery,
490.

Stanley, Mr., Secretary for Ireland,

782.

Star Chamber abolished, 561.
Steele, prosecution, of, 678.
Stephen of Aumale, 131.

Stephen of Blois, grandson maternally
of William the Conqueror, reign of,

156-171.

Stephenson, R., the engineer, 719.
Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury,
87, 88, 95, 100, 101, 107.
Stirling Castle, siege of, 282.
Stoke, battle of, 413.
Strafford, Wentworth, Lord, his ty-
rannical views, 553; impeached by
the House of Commons, 558; his
trial, 558, 559; his attainder and
execution, 560, 561.

Straw, Jack, executed, 336.

Strode accused of high treason, 565.
Strongbow, Richard, general of Henry
the Second's expedition against Ire-
land, 201, 202.

Stroud, imprisonment of, 543.
Stuart, house of, 502-646; its resto-
ration, 607-630.

Stuart, Lady Arabella, conspiracy in
favour of, 508; cruel treatment and
death of, 521, 522.

Stuart, Charles Edward, Queen Anne
favourable to the pretensions of,

679.

Succession, war of, 668, 669.
Sudely, Lord, High Admiral of Eng-

land, 451; married to Catherine
Parr, widow of Henry VIII., 451;
his execution, ib.
Suetonius, Paulinus, 16.
Suffolk, origin of, 39.

Suffolk, Charles, Duke of, 421.
Suffolk, Henry Grey, Duke of, father
of Lady Jane Grey, proclaims
Queen Mary, 461; his rebellion,
463; his execution, 464.
Superstitious observances, abolition
of, 454.

Surnames, origin of, 120.
Surrey, Thomas, Earl of, 427; gains
the battle of Flodden, 427.
Surrey, Thomas, Earl of, son of the
preceding, 446; his execution, 448.
Surveys of England, 120, 138.
Sussex, Saxon kingdom of, 39, 40.
Swartz, Martin, German mercenary
chief, invades England, 413.
Sweves, 34.

Sweyn, King of Denmark, invades
and conquers England, 72.
Sweyn, son of Earl Godwin, 81.
Swift, prosecution of, 678.
Sydney, Algernon, execution of, 627.

T.

TALBOT of Shrewsbury, 377.
Tallagio non concedendo, conceded
by Edward I., 272, 274.
Taranis, the Druidical deity, 17, 21.
Taunton, citizens of, condemned by
Judge Jeffreys, 638.

Taxation, excessive, excites general
discontent in the reign of William
II., 130, 131.

Taxes, pressure of, for the ransom of
Richard I., 220; refused without
the consent of Parliament, 272;
the right conceded by Edward I.,
ib.

Taylor, Jeremy, 577.

Tea, ship cargo of, thrown into the

sea by the Americans, 724.
Terouenne, siege of, 426.

Test and Corporation Acts, 619, 630,
774; repealed, 776.
Tewkesbury, battle of, 394.
Thanes, 114, 116.

Thanet, Isle of, invaded by the
Saxons, 38.

Theobald of Canterbury, 179.

Theodorich of Alsace, 151.

Theowes, 115.

Thistlewood plot, 764, 765.

Thomas à Becket. (See BECKET.)
Thomas de Mowbray, 282.
Thomas of Erpingham, 370.
Throgmorton, Sir Nicholas, trial of,
464; his acquittal, 465; the jury
persecuted, ib.

Throgmorton, Sir T., a favourite of
Queen Elizabeth, 481.

Through," the mysterious word, 548.
Thurstan, Archbishop of Durham,
opposes the Scotch invasion, 160.

Tilly, Count, his atrocities at Magde-
burg, 546.

Tilsit, treaty of, 744.
Tippoo Saib killed, 762.
Tithes, commutation of, 786.
Tonge, Dr., 821.

Tonnage claimed by Charles I., 542.
Torbay, William of Orange lands at,
645.

Tories, politics of the, 624; their con-
tests with the Whigs, 704.
Torrington, Admiral Lord, his dis-
graceful retreat, 657.

Tostig, son of Earl Godwin, 96.
Toulon captured by the English, and
retaken by Napoleon Bonaparte,

734.

Tournament between Prince Edward
and the Count de Chalons, 260.
Towns, charters first granted to, 191;
their improved state of, temp.
Henry V., 363; Edward IV. gains
their political support, 391.
Towton, sanguinary battle of, 391.
Trade monopolies abolished by
Elizabeth, 501.

Tramecourt, hamlet of, 368.
Treason, legal definition of, 313;
wholesale executions for, 686.
Treason, Lord Eldon's unconstitu-
tional definition of, 757.

Tresham, the Gunpowder plot con-
spirator, 514.

Tresylian, the judge, executed, 342.
Triennial Parliaments, bill for, 663;
repealed, 682.

Trinobantes, the, 7; 94 n.
Trafalgar, battle of, 743.
Triple League, 617, 630.
Troyes, treaty of, 372, 375.

Tudor, Owen, taken prisoner and put
to death, 889.

Tudor, Henry, Duke of Richmond
(afterwards Henry VII), driven
into exile, 389.

Tudor, house of, 406-501; commences
with Henry VII, 406; political
state of England and degradation
of the House of Commons under
the, 503.

Tuileries forced by an armed mob, 761.
Tunis, Bey of, punished by Cromwell,
597.

Turkey, designs of Russia against,
800; disputes respecting the Holy
Sepulchre, ib.; defended by Eng-
land and France, 801.

INDEX.

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Vannes, bay of, 5.

Vassals of the Norman lords, 175.
Vellore, mutiny at, 813.

Veneti, their quarrel with Julius
Cæsar, 5.

Vere, Robert de, Marquis of Dublin,
341; and Duke of Ireland, 342.
Verneuil, battle of, 376.
Vernon, Admiral, captures Porto
Bello, 697; fails at Carthagena,
698.

Verona, congress of, 769.
Verulam, frightful massacre at, by
the Gaels, 68.

Verulam, Lord. (See BACON.)
Vespasian, his conquests in the south
of Britain, 14: conquests of, 32.
VICTORIA, Queen, reign of, 789-815
(see Analysis, 789); her marriage
with Prince Albert, 792.
Vienna, conference at, 806.
Vienne, John de, governor of Calais,
309.

853

Vigo, attack on, 489; naval victory
of, 681.

Villeinage, abolition of, 408.

Villeins, 115, 116; condition of the,
176.

Villiers, George, favourite of James I.,
524; his extraordinary rise, 525.
(See BUCKINGHAM.)

Villiers, Mr., his efforts for repealing
the Corn-laws, 794.
Vimiera, victory of, 746.

Vinegar Hill, carnage of, 737; punish-
ment of the rebels, 738.

Virginia, Sir Walter Raleigh con-
ducts a colony there, 483; expedi-
tion to, 711.
Visigoths, 34.

Vittoria, battle of, 749; its impor-
tant consequences, ib.

Vortigern, Prince of the Damnonii,
36; applies to the Saxons for aid,
37.

Vortimer poisoned, 48.

W.

WAGES, general reduction of, in 1819,
756.

Wakefield, battle of, 388, 389.
Wales, invasion of, under William II.,

129; Henry II.'s contest with, 189;
invaded and conquered by Ed-
ward I., 260-264; Edward II.
first prince of, 278; his flight to,
289; contests in, under Henry IV.,
354, 355; landing of the French in,

361.

Wales, Frederick Prince of, his con-

duct, 706; his death, 707.
Wales, Henry Prince of, 522; his
noble qualities, and death, ib.
Wales, Prince of, son of George I.,
688; his domestic quarrels, ib.;
Prince of, son of George II.; his
enmity against his father, 695.
Wales, George Prince of, his marriage,
and dissolute character, 735; be-
comes regent, 755 (see PRINCE
REGENT), and afterwards George
IV.

Walhalla, bloody feasts of the, 43.
Wallace, Sir William, the hero of
Scotland, raises the standard of
revolt, 270; his successful career,
270, 271; appointed "Guardian of
the Kingdom," &c., 271; his be-
trayal and savage execution, 274;
his high character, ib.

Waller, Edmund, 569.
Walpole, Sir Robert, profitably en-
gaged in the South Sea Bubble,
690; his administration, 692 et
seq.; his influence over the House
of Commons, 695; his system of
bribery and corruption, 696; suc-
cess of his government, ib.; his
resignation and retirement as Earl
of Orford, 698.

Walsingham, Sir Francis, secretary
of Queen Elizabeth, 485.
Walter de Mapes, 191.

Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland,
107, 127.

Walton, Captain, his eloquent de-
spatch respecting the destruction
of the Spanish navy, 688.
Walworth, William, Mayor of Lon-
don, 330; strikes down Wat Tyler,

335.

War of the two Janes, 304.
Warbeck, Perkin, the impostor, 415;
personates Richard Duke of York,
416; invades England, 417; cap-
tured and executed, 419.

Warren, Sir John, defeats and cap-
tures a French squadron
Lough Swilly, 738.

near

Wars of the Roses. (See ROSES.)
Warwick, Edward Earl of, 412; im-
postors assume his name, 413; his
imprisonment, 419.

Warwick, John Dudley, Earl of, 452;
created Duke of Northumberland,
ib.
Warwick, Richard Neville, Earl of,
"the King-maker," 385; his dis-
satisfaction at Edward the Fourth's
secret marriage, 392; his numerous
retainers, 393; declares against
Edward IV., and restores Henry

VI., ib.; defeated and slain at the
battle of Barnet, 394.

Warwick, Robert Rich, Earl of, ap-
pointed to command that part of
the navy which still continued true
to Parliament, 581.

Washington, city of, captured, 759.
Washington, General George, 711;
appointed commander-in-chief of
the American colonists, 725.
Wat Tyler's rebellion, 333; he is slain,
335.

Waterloo, battle of, 753, 754.
Watling-street road, 23 n.
Watt, James, the engineer, 719.

Wealth, great diffusion of, in the
fourteenth century, 295.

Wellesley, Sir Arthur. (See Welling-
TON.)

Wellington, Duke of (Sir Arthur Wel-
lesley), his expedition to Spain,
745; his high military character
and great exploits in India, ib.;
victory of Vimiera, 746; defeats
Marshal Soult, ib.; his continued
successes, 748, 749; gains the battle
of Vittoria, and overthrows French
domination in Spain, 749; at the
Congress of Verona, 769; his with-
drawal from Canning's administra-
tion, 772; becomes premier, 774;
passes the Catholic Emancipation
Bill, ib.; his duel with Lord Win-
chelsea, 775; discharges all the
offices of the Cabinet during Sir
Robert Peel's absence, 785; his
death and character, 800.
Welsh, Henry II. makes war upon
the, 174; but is compelled to re-
treat, ib.; subdued by Henry II.,
210; Henry the Fourth's victories
over the, 358.
Wentworth, Thomas, 538; made
Privy Councillor, 543; and Presi-
dent of the Court of York, 544;
his renegade character, ib.; his de-
spotic conduct and arbitrary mea-
sures, 548; created Lord Strafford,
553. (See STRAFFORD.)
Wessex, Saxon kingdom of, 39, 40,

46.

West Saxons, kingdom of the, 94 n.
Westminster Hall burnt, 138,
Westmoreland, Charles Neville, Earl
of, his rebellion in favour of Mary
Queen of Scots, 480; defeated, ib.
Wexford, storming of, 590
Whig administration, their declining
power, 781.

Whigs, George I. allies himself with
the, 683.

Whigs and Tories, 624; factious

spirit of the, 657; contests of the,
677; contests between the, 704;
bitter contests between the, 732.
White Rose, the emblem of the House
of York, 352.

Whitworth, Lord, insulted by Na-
poleon, 741.

Wickliffe, his translation of the Bible,
318. persecution of, 324; promul.
gation of his doctrines, 349.

INDEX.

Widdrington, condemnation of, for
treason, 686.

Wight, Isle of, Charles's flight to the,

579.

Wilberforce, the great advocate for

slave emancipation, 781.
Wilfred of Ripon, 161.

Wilks, John, prosecution of, 722, 723;
his acquittal, 723; obtains damages
against the Secretary of State, ib.
William of Alderic, 131.
William, Count of Eu, 131.
William de Tracey, 197, 198.
William, son of Henry I., 147; be-
trothed to the Princess of Anjou,
148; shipwrecked and drowned,

149.

William the Lion, 266.

William Clito, son of Robert of Nor-
mandy, 146, 147; Henry I. makes
war upon him, 151; his death,

152.

William I., Duke of Normandy, his

visit to England, 84; obtains an
oath from Harold, 87; reign of,
90-120; his claims to the crown of
England, 95: assembles his fleets
and armies, ib.; lands near Peven-
sey Castle, and defeats Harold at
Hastings, 97-99; his coronation,
and massacre attending it, 101; his
reign, 101-120. (See Analysis, 101.)
William II., son of the Conqueror,
reign of, 121-138.

William, Prince of Orange, 618; mar-
ried to Mary, daughter of James II.,
619;
invitation to, 644; he lands at
Torbay, 645. (See WILLIAM III.
and MARY.)

William III. and Mary, reign of,

647-666. (See Analysis, 647.)
William IV., reign of, 777-787. (See
Analysis, 777.)

Williams, Lord Keeper, 530.
Williams, General, at Kars, 808.
Winchelsea, Lord, his duel with the

Duke of Wellington, 775.
Windbanke, Secretary of State, 558.
Winter, the gunpowder plot con-
spirator, 513, 514.

Wintoun, condemnation of, for
treason, 686.
Woden, 38.

Wolfe, General, 710; captures Quebec,

713; is slain, ib.

Wolsey, Cardinal Thomas, son of a
butcher; 427; made cardinal and

Chancellor of England, 428; m
Archbishop of York, 430; Hen
VIII. the tool of, 433; his in
trigues with Charles V. and Francis
I., ib.; his imperious conduct to
Parliament and Convocation in
demanding supplies, 433, 434; his
declining popularity, 434; his dis-
grace and fall, 437, 438.
Woodville, Sir R., 392.

Woodvilles, family of the, 398; mur-
ders of the, 399.

Worcester, battle of, 598.

Worcester, John Earl of, his patron-
age of Caxton, 411.

Wright, the gunpowder plot con-
spirator, 513.

Wyatt, Sir Thomas, rebellion of, 462;
his capture and execution, 463, 464.

X.

XAINTRAILLES of France, 876.

Y.

YEH, the Chinese commissioner, dis-
putes with, 810.

Yeomen, their independent position,

517.

York captured by the Danes, 54.
York, Duke of, uncle of Richard II.,
841.

York and Lancaster, revolutionary
struggles between the Houses of,
352 et seq.; the white and red rose
their emblems, 352; first civil con-
test between the Houses of, 384;
renewed contests between the rival
Houses after the accession of Ed-
ward IV., 591; termination of the
struggles, 405.

York, Edward of March, Duke of, de-

feats the Lancastrians at Morti-
mer's Cross, 389.

York, Elizabeth of, married to Henry
VII., 412.

York, Frederick Duke of, his death,
771.

York, George Neville, Archbishop of,
feast given by, and his bill of fare,
396.

York, Richard Plantagenet, Duke of,
presumptive heir to the throne,
888; instigates the rebellion of
Jack Cade, ib.; nominated to the
guardianship of King Henry VI.,

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