.

366808

N 111

ON

THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES

BY

MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION,

OR THE

PRESERVATION OF FAVORED RACES IN THE STRUGGLE
FOR LIFE.

BY

CHARLES DARWIN, M. A., F.R.S.,

AUTHOR OF "JOURNAL OF RESEARCHES DURING H. M. S. BEAGLE'S VOYAGE ROUND
THE WORLD," ETC., ETC.

GELOSCHT
OFFENTL BUCHERHALLE

FIFTH EDITION, WITH ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

NEW

YORK:

HAMBURG

D. APPLETON AND COMPANY,

549 & 551 BROADWAY.

1872.

OFFENTLICHE
BÜCHERNALLE

1901 $457.

Causes of Variability-Effects of Habit-Correlated Variation-Inheritance-Char-

acter of Domestic Varieties-Difficulty of distinguishing between Varieties and

Species-Origin of Domestic Varieties from one or more Species-Domestic

Pigeons, their Differences and Origin-Principles of Selection, anciently followed,

their Effects-Methodical and Unconscious Selection-Unknown Origin of our

Domestic Productions-Circumstances favorable to Man's Power of Selection 22

CHAPTER II.

VARIATION UNDER NATURE,

Variability-Individual Differences-Doubtful Species-Wide-ranging, much dif

fused, and Common Species, vary most-Species of the Larger Genera in each

Country vary more frequently than the Species of the Smaller Genera-Many of

the Species of the Larger Genera resemble Varieties in being very closely, but

unequally, related to each other, and in having Restricted Ranges

52

CHAPTER III.

STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE.

its bearing on Natural Selection-The Term used in a wide Sense-Geometrical Ratio

of Increase-Rapid Increase of Naturalized Animals and Plants-Nature of the

Checks to Increase-Competition universal-Effects of Climate-Protection from

the Number of Individuals-Complex Relations of all Animals and Plants through