that because abnormity is common, it is Law. Adam Smith made it plain that Nature in the human mental economy had made provisions for every man, so long as he observed the principles of justice, to use both his own industry and capital with the utmost freedom of competition. This harmony with Nature he taught would result in the largest measure of individual and national wealth and prosperity. In proportion as human legislation is more restricted than Natural Law, men are deprived of the power to work out ideal results. Its bungling interference not only defeats the end sought, but deranges all the delicate and elastic forces which, if left to their higher working, would hasten normal development. If it deprives a laborer of a part of his hours, or if his union orders him out of a situation, in either case he loses something of his natural freedom. Unrestricted competition, both for labor and capital, is the only full measure of liberty for the individual and the nation. All artificial forces that seek to install themselves under the plea of special advantage to some class or faction, in their practical working are only new forms of tyranny which retard natural evolutionary advancement. Every fraction must find its good in that of the whole. The human phalanx cannot be turned aside into artificial bypaths, but its way is already smooth along its own natural highway.

Political economy is the outward expression of the play of the forces of the mind. It is like a game of chess; the pieces being moved after the real move has been made in the mind of the player. As the powers that are within man are tamed, controlled, and brought into orderly harmony, all external phenomena, whether of labor, capital, land, or money, will exactly correspond, for the reason that they are secondary and expressive. Mind is the worker, and these are its tools.

The spirit of association must broaden its aims and in

terests.

It may be a positive institution, but if its purpose be unfriendly to the general and greater Unit, to that degree it is normally unlawful.

Intellectual logic is inadequate to the delicate interpretation of Natural Law, and of its articulated adjustment to human affairs. The intuitive faculty being keener, and of higher grade, is however able to make its leadings so clear that they may be translated into outward harmonious expression. Intuition alone is able to put its ear to the ground and distinguish between discordant, even though faint jars, and concordant vibrations. Only that delicate insight which lies deeper than a mere intellectual account of phenomena, can cognize the lights and shades of those fine but immutable golden threads which are shot through the entire social fabric.

The supreme and ideal political economy can only be formulated from the standpoint of racial unity. Any study of combinations, competitions, and co-operation, cannot be exhaustive on the basis of a fragmentary society with divided interests. Only a synthetic interpretation is adequate, because analysis and separation invariably show disproportion. Man is One; and just in the measure that that grand fact is installed in human consciousness, are all the natural principles found to be altruistic. Any philosophy of Humanity is incomplete which does not regard it as an Organism. Its members, though unlike, have one interest and one order. Any suffering or rejoicing cannot be localized, for its vibrations thrill to the utmost limits.

INDEX.