tific way to relieve suffering is to reach it through its causation. The ills of society are the harvest of defective character, and it is as logical to refer them to lunar influences as to the social system, land system, or the law of competition. If ignorance and laziness were not logically followed by want, they would never be outgrown. Beneath all the seeming severity - which does and should enlist our hearty sympathy-natural penalties are kindly. But intelligent philanthropy will address itself to the underlying causes. Sentimentalism cannot improve upon, or reverse, the divine plan of evolutionary progress. It is prolonged cruelty to assure men that their trouble is external. The charity to bestow is industrial education, self-help, faithfulness, honor, temperance, love, character. To misplace the fault is to be unkind to the individual and to society. If one leans upon anything outside of his own talents and powers, he is leaning down hill.

The restrictions put upon apprenticeship and industrial education by conventional unionism are distinctly reactionary and harmful to society in general. The most helpful, hopeful, and important agency for the cure of prevailing economic ills is general industrial education, and this not alone for the male sex. The education of girls in household economy, which is becoming more general, is a great advance in the right direction.

The ideal labor union would strive to make its members experts in their respective vocations. It would inspire them with wholesome ambition, independence, and honor. It would educate them technically and morally. It would make them MEN. It would fit each one to rise through natural ambition and merit to the rank of employer. "There is always room at the top."

Men are not working for some intangible despot called Capital. Both capital and labor are impersonal conditions; while all injustice is personal.

As a rule the employer hires his capital and the capitalist is not an employer. If either violates Natural Law the penalty is inevitable. Is this doctrine in accord with the golden rule or law of love? Assuredly yes. If sin, economic as well as moral, did not bring penalty in its train, inen would sin forever.

The principles enunciated in this chapter are in the interest of laborers, and from their true standpoint. In proportion as truth is recognized prosperity will be the rule, wages advance, and confidence prevail.

Prejudice and antagonism invariably bring forth bitter fruit, and this rule finds no exception, in any rank or condition.

EMPLOYERS AND PROFIT SHARING.

"But he whose inborn worth his acts commend,

Of gentle soul, to human race a friend."

POPE.

"And each shall care for other,

And each to each shall bend,

To the poor a noble brother,

To the good an equal friend."

EMERSON.

"Why should a man whose blood is warm within,
Sit like his grandsire cut in alabaster?"

MERCHANT OF VENICE.

"And learn the luxury of doing good."

GOLDSMITH.

"O slavish man! will you not bear with your own brother, who has God for his father, as being a son from the same stock, and of the same high descent? But if you chance to be placed in some superior station, will you presently set yourself up for a tyrant?"

EPICTETUS.

"You cannot do wrong without suffering wrong. pawns and ninepins, and you shall suffer as well as they. If you leave out their heart, you shall lose your own."

Treat men as

EMERSON.