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11 •D228 1889

LATELY Published.

LIFE AND LETTERS OF CHARLES DARWIN, F.R.S.
With an Autobiographical Chapter. By his Son, FRANCIS DARWIN, F.R.S.
Seventh Thousand.

With Portrait and Woodcuts.

ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS

3 vols. 8vo. 36s.

OF NATURAL

SELECTION. Library Edition. 2 vols. Crown 8vo. 128.

DESCENT OF MAN, AND SELECTION IN, RELATION
TO SEX. Library Edition 2 vols. Crown 8vo. 158.

January 1889.

**The Publisher is indebted for the Portrait of MR. DARWIN, prefixed to the present edition, to the kindness of Messrs. Macmillan and Co.

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912085

ΤΟ

CHARLES LYELL, Esq., F.R.S.,

THIS SECOND EDITION IS DEDICATED WITH GRATEFUL PLEASURE, AS

AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT THAT THE CHIEF PART OF WHATEVER

SCIENTIFIC MERIT THIS JOURNAL AND THE OTHER WORKS OF THE

AUTHOR MAY POSSESS, HAS BEEN DERIVED FROM STUDYING THE

WELL-KNOWN AND ADMIRABLE

PRINCIPLES OF GEOLOGY.

WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.

THE LIFE AND LETTERS OF CHARLES DARWIN. With an Autobiographical Chapter. Edited by his Son, FRANCIS DARWIN. Portraits. 3 vols. 8vo. 368. MURRAY. A NATURALIST'S JOURNAL OF RESEARCHES INTO THE NATURAL HISTORY AND GEOLOGY OF COUNTRIES VISITED during a VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD. Twentieth Thousand. Woodcuts. MURRAY. THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION; or, THE PRESERVATION OF FAVOURED RACES IN THE STRUGGLE FOR LIFE. Thirty-seventh Thousand. Woodcuts. Large Type Edition. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 128. Cheap Edition, 6s. MURRAY. THE VARIOUS CONTRIVANCES BY WHICH ORCHIDS ARE FERTILIZED BY INSECTS. Fourth Thousand. Woodcuts. 78. 6d. MURRAY. THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION. Sixth Thousand. Illustrations. 158. MURRAY. THE DESCENT OF MAN, AND SELECTION IN RELATION TO SEX. Twenty-first Thousand. Illustrations. Large Type Edition. 2 vols. Crown 8vo., 15s. Cheap Edition, 78. 6d. MURRAY. THE EXPRESSION OF THE EMOTIONS IN MAN AND ANIMALS. Ninth Thousand. Illustrations.

MURRAY.

INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS. Fifth Thousand. Illustrations. 98.

MURRAY.

THE MOVEMENTS AND HABITS OF CLIMBING PLANTS. Third Thousand. Woodcuts. 68. MURRAY. THE EFFECTS OF CROSS AND SELF-FERTILIZATION IN THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. Third Thousand. Illustrations. 98. MURRAY. THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF FLOWERS ON PLANTS OF THE SAME SPECIES. Third Thousand. Illustrations. 7s. 6d. MURRAY. THE POWER OF MOVEMENT IN PLANTS. Third Thousand. Woodcuts. MURRAY.

THE FORMATION OF VEGETABLE MOULD THROUGH THE ACTION OF WORMS. Twelfch Thousand. Woodcuts. Crown 8vo., MURRAY. LIFE OF ERASMUS DARWIN. With a Study of his Scientific

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Works. Portrait. 78. 6d.

MURRAY.

THE STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF CORAL
REEFS. Second Edition, revised.
SMITH, ELDER, & Co.
GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON VOLCANIC ISLANDS
AND ON PARTS OF SOUTH AMERICA, visited during the Voyage of
H.M.S. Beagle.' Second Edition.
SMITH, ELDER, & Co.

A MONOGRAPH OF THE CIRRIPEDIA. With numerous
Illustrations. 2 vols. 8vo.
RAY SOCIETY. HARDWICKE.
A MONOGRAPH OF THE FOSSIL LEPADIDÆ, OR
PEDUNCULATED CIRRIPEDS OF GREAT BRITAIN.

PALEONTOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.

A MONOGRAPH OF THE FOSSIL BALANIDE AND VERRUCIDE OF GREAT BRITAIN.

PALEONTOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.

FACTS AND ARGUMENTS FOR DARWIN. By FRITZ

MULLER. From the German, with Additions by the Author. Translated by W. S. DALLAS, F.L.S. Illustrations. 68. MURRAY.

LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.

PREFACE.

I HAVE stated in the preface to the first Edition of this work, and in the Zoology of the Voyage of the Beagle, that it was in consequence of a wish expressed by Captain Fitz Roy, of having some scientific person on board, accompanied by an offer from him of giving up part of his own accommodations, that I volunteered my services, which received, through the kindness of the hydrographer, Captain Beaufort, the sanction of the Lords of the Admiralty. As I feel that the opportunities which I enjoyed of studying the Natural History of the different countries we visited, have been wholly due to Captain Fitz Roy, I hope I may here be permitted to repeat my expression of gratitude to him; and to add that, during the five years we were together, I received from him the most cordial friendship and steady assistance. Both to Captain Fitz Roy and to all the Officers of the Beagle* I shall ever feel most thankful for the undeviating kindness with which I was treated during our long voyage.

This volume contains, in the form of a Journal, a history of our voyage, and a sketch of those observations in Natural History and Geology, which I think will possess some interest for the general reader. I have in this edition largely condensed and corrected some parts, and have added a little to others, in order to render the volume more fitted for popular reading; but I trust that naturalists will remember, that they must refer for details to the larger publications, which comprise the scientific results of the Expedition. The Zoology of the Voyage of the Beagle includes an account of the Fossil Mammalia, by Professor Owen; of the Living Mammalia, by Mr. Waterhouse; of the Birds, by Mr. Gould; of the Fish, by the Rev. L. Jenyns; and of the Reptiles, by Mr. Bell. I have appended to the descriptions of each species an account of its habits and range. These works, which I owe to the high

* 1 must take this opportunity of returning my sincere thanks to Mr. Bynoe, the surgeon of the Beagle, for his very kind attention to me when I was ill at Valparaiso

talents and disinterested zeal of the above distinguished authors, could not have been undertaken, had it not been for the liberality of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, who, through the representation of the Right Honourable the Chancellor of the Exchequer, have been pleased to grant a sum of one thousand pounds towards defraying part of the expenses of publication.

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I have myself published separate volumes on the 'Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs;' on the Volcanic Islands visited during the Voyage of the Beagle;' and on the 'Geology of South America.' The sixth volume of the Geological Transactions' contains two papers of mine on the Erratic Boulders and Volcanic Phenomena of South America. Messrs. Waterhouse, Walker, Newman, and White, have published several able papers on the Insects which were collected, and I trust that many others will hereafter follow. The plants from the southern parts of America will be given by Dr. J. Hooker, in his great work on the Botany of the Southern Hemisphere. The Flora of the Galapagos Archipelago is the subject of a separate memoir by him, in the Linnean Transactions.' The Reverend Professor Henslow has published a list of the plants collected by me at the Keeling Islands; and the Reverend J. M. Berkeley has described my cryptogamic plants.

I shall have the pleasure of acknowledging the great assistance which I have received from several other naturalists, in the course of this and my other works; but I must be here allowed to return my most sincere thanks to the Reverend Professor Henslow, who, when I was an under-graduate at Cambridge, was one chief means of giving me a taste for Natural History, -who, during my absence, took charge of the collections I sent home, and by his correspondence directed my endeavours,-and who, since my return, has constantly rendered me every assistance which the kindest friend could offer.

Down, Bromley, Kent.

June, 1845.

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