ARTICLE XXIII.

"HE PHRENOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTER OF FREEMAN HUNT, EDITOR HUNT'S MERCHANT'S MAGAZINE. BY O. S. AND L. N. FOWLER. ILLUSTRATED WITH A LIKENESS.

THE two following descriptions of the character of Mr. Hunt, by O S. and L. N. Fowler, may be regarded as a double test of the accuracy with which character may be delineated, phrenologically, by different phrenologists, who are adepts in the science. Neither of them had ever seen him before the examination took place, nor did they then know who he was, not even his name or business, nor any thing relating to him, except what they learned from his developments; nor will either know what the other has said of him until they see it in this Journal.

VOL. X.-NO. IV.-8

S. R. WELLS.

CHARACTER OF FREEMAN HUNT. BY O. S. FOWLER.

JANUARY 8th, 1848. Freeman Hunt has four strongly-marked physiological and phrenological conditions of mental power. They are

First: More than ordinary size, both of body and head. He is rather tall, yet not slim, and is every way well proportioned. His vital apparatus is considerable above medium, and his lungs particularly developed. His osseous and muscular systems are both large and strong, so that he possesses all those conditions which give uncommon energy and power. To this he adds a large-sized brain, it measuring twenty-three inches and a half, besides being uncommonly high. Few heads contain as truly MASSIVE a brain as his.

Secondly: His temperament is unusually active. His light hair, florid complexion, powerful lungs, and sharpness of organization, combined with his very superior nervous and cerebral systems, collectively indicate great action, especially of brain and mind. To this he adds flexibility, elasticity, endurance, and extraordinary ease of action. Hence he can never be idle, but must work all the time, and with his might. For efficiency, therefore, he is not often equaled.

Thirdly: His phrenology is also in perfect keeping with his physiology. Firmness, besides being immensely developed, is likewise sustained by all the other faculties which confer force of character and power to accomplish. He never commences any important undertaking without surveying the whole ground beforehand; and, once commenced, he never abandons it until success crowns his efforts. Indefatigable perseverance is his predominant characteristic. In this respect he has few equals. He adds energy to stability, and hence not only sticks to his plans, but pushes them through all opposing obstacles. He grapples in with difficulties as though he could and would demolish them. "I can and I will," is his motto. His resolution and practical courage are certainly remarkable, because they proceed from very large Combativeness and Firmness. Large Destructiveness still further increases his executiveness, and disposes him to demolish whatever impedes his progress. Unless these facilities were modified and directed by still larger moral and intellectual organs, they would render him contentious, severe, and obstinate. Yet as it is, they simply confer great power to accomplish.

Large Self-Esteem still further supports this combination, by giving that self-reliance and independence which enable and dispose him to put forth all the energies he possesses. It also confers that dignity and manliness which secure universal respect, and gives him character and influence wherever he is known. It also gives towering elevation to his ambition, and disposes him to soar higher and still higher the longer he lives. It also prevents his ever descending to any thing small or unwor

thy of the true man, and gives a boldness and independence of thought, as well as expansiveness and extension of mind, which make him disdain to walk in the beaten paths, and desire to strike out an original path of opinion and effort for himself. He always trusts to the strength of his own opinions, and is every inch a man.

Approbativeness is well developed, yet acts only a subordinate part, so that, while it renders him ambitious for distinction, his other faculties direct that ambition toward the attainment of lofty ends. He values his character, yet cares little for the praise of being rich or fashionable. He desires to be commended only for INTELLECTUAL and MORAL worth.

Benevolence is his governing faculty. To DO GOOD is the paramount object of his life. He is a true philanthropist. Though he is ambitious to become eminent, yet he despises to build himself up at the expense of others, but seeks the prosperity of others in connection with his own. Indeed, he can hardly be considered sufficiently selfish, but is too disinterested for his own good. He cares little for money except as a means, and uses it freely, yet not foolishly. He can make money, but will not be rich, because he values property mainly as an end. He is, however, frugal, and regards waste with unqualified disapprobation. He is in danger of being too liberal for his means.

The social instinct constitutes another predominant feature of his character, and, combining, as it does, with his very large Benevolence, renders him eminent for practical goodness. All who know him love him, and also look up to him as their natural leader. He is universally beloved; nor can he endure to break friendship. The friends of his youth are his friends through life. His attachments to woman are particularly strong, as is also his susceptibility to connubial love. He is by nature qualified for a pattern of a good husband and father, and every way cal culated to enjoy and adorn the domestic circle.

He is particularly interested in behalf of young men, nor have many men, with his means, done more to set them up in life. For this characteristic he is really remarkable. Nor will many parents exert themselves equally in behalf of offspring. He is, moreover, a dear lover of home.

He pursues an open course, and despises every thing like deception and double dealing. What he appears to be, he is; what he says, he

means.

His religious notions are peculiar to himself. He is a fervent worshiper of the Supreme Being, yet he restricts his belief by no creeds, and cares little for ceremonies. Some may consider him skeptical, while others would regard him as almost fanatical. His religious feelings partake largely of the spiritual, yet he believes no further than he sees indubitable evidence of truth.

His hopes are never so high as to subject him to disappointment, nor so

low as to discourage him. Though his hopes fall below his capacities, yet Causality increases his expectations of success, by showing him that given means are sure to effect their given results. That is, he bases his calculations in Causality more than in Hope.

Staunch integrity is another leading characteristic. Nothing can turn him aside from what he thinks the path of duty. He is rigidly honest, and goes in for the true and the right at whatever personal sacrifice. His moral courage and decision are remarkable. He possesses a high order of taste and refinement, yet has no sickly sentimentalism or fastidiousness. He loves natural beauty far more than artificial. His aspirations after self-improvement are peculiarly intense; and his love of the grand, illimitable, and infinite, amounts almost to a passion. His sublimity expands all he says and does. He can copy some, but originates more. His constructive powers are good, yet he is better at inventing than executing.

His fourth condition of power, however, is his immense intellectual lobe, which is deep, high, and wide. His likeness shows a much larger intellectual than animal group. It also shows both very large perceptive and reflective organs. His peculiar strength lies in this COMBINATION Of them both. His perceptives give him great power of acquiring knowledge of all kinds, and on all subjects, because they are all very large. Nothing escapes either his observation or recollection. For collecting and arranging statistics, he has few equals; and then his large reflectives enable him to work up these materials into sound conclusions. His is truly a philosophical cast of mind. His immense perceptives give him perfect command of all the facts in the case, and then his large reflectives enable him to reason clearly and cogently from the data thus furnished. His powers of analysis and induction are peculiarly good. He brings every thing to bear specifically upon his ultimate conclusions, and presents the entire force of his subjects so clearly, that none can fail fully to comprehend them. His illustrations are forcible, and his power of drawing inferences are peculiarly happy and appropriate. He is certainly a profound reasoner, as well as a superior scholar, yet he is a far better writer than speaker. His language is not sufficient to confer fluency, yet it is large enough to give just the words required to render him a superior writer. His style, therefore, is condensed, terse, perspicuous, and full of thought. He is eminently methodical, and pre-eminently mathematical.

To sum up, his great power lies, first, in the extraordinary strength combined with the great activity of his organization; and, secondly, in that perfect balance which exists both between his head and body, and also among those phrenological faculties, which give force, moral elevation, and intellectual capacity. His natural powers are every way superior, and yet all his faculties admirably sustain and beautifully harmonize with all the others.

CHARACTER OF. FREEMAN HUNT. BY L. N. FOWLER.

FEBRUARY 4, 1848.

The head of this gentleman is unusually large, being twenty-three and a half inches in circumference-an inch more than is usual for his size of body. His temperaments are favorably balanced and strongly marked with a predominance of the vital. He has every indication of a strong constitution, and a well fortified body and mind, with a full degree of mental and physical activity, and a strong amount of propelling executive power. Taking all these favorable qualifications into consideration, with no important impediment or antagonizing influences, we infer that he has a mind of more than common power and scope of action. His phrenological developments are strongly marked, yet none are small, giving him more of a positive than a negative character, which, together with his large brain and favorable temperament, indicate a strong, sound, comprehensive, and available mind. His balance of power is most favorable to the accomplishment of important results. His social feelings are all strong and active. He is friendly, warm-hearted, fond of children, and well qualified to enjoy domestic life. These elements of his nature, modified by his moral feelings and guided by his intellect, make him much interested in the welfare, happiness, and improvement of the social condition of mankind, the proper education of children, and elevation of woman. He is capable of strong attachments to home, and dislikes change of residence. Variety to him is the spice of life, yet firmness is too large to allow him to be unstable or fickle-minded, but he may at times be impatient and restless.

He has large Combativeness, Destructiveness, and Appetite, giving him the animal instinct of self-defence, power of resistance, energy, and executiveness of character, with a full capacity to supply all the wants of the body. Acquisitiveness and Secretiveness are not large. Their influence in character is not extensive. He has a good combination of organs to acquire property, but less of the talent to lay up; he regards it as a means rather than as an end of enjoyment; is candid, frank, openhearted, and truthful, in a pre-eminent degree; is no hypocrite, yet has a full degree of caution and forethought. This quality, joined with his intellect, makes him shrewd, and gives worldly wisdom; yet his caution is none too active to regulate the excited influences of Combativeness and Destructiveness. Approbativeness is full, Self-Esteem large, and Firmness very large--giving him a fair amount of affability and ambition, a high degree of independence, sense of liberty, love of influence, self. reliance, power of will, ability and disposition to assume responsibilities, perseverance and firmness of purpose, joined with a self-determining and directing mind. He relies upon his own resources, acts from choice and will, rather than from impulse, is generally prudent, and can control his