EDINBURGH QUARTERLY PHRENOLOGICAL JOURNAL,

AND MAGAZINE OF MORAL AND INTELLECTUAL SCIENCE:

Applied to the Elevation of Society. By GEORGE COMBE, ROBERT COX, and others. Republished by Fowlers & Wells. New York: 1848. Agreeably to promise, we have issued the first number of this great work. It contains a beautiful portrait and autograph of Mr. GEORGE COMBE, together with 112 pages of excellent matter, on the following subjects: "NATIONAL EDUCATION," the " NATURE AND USES OF PHRENOLOGY," "PHRENOLOGY AND MESMERISM, Or the true scientific spirit in which they should be examined,” including other articles of interest. The article on "EDUCATION," by Mr. Combe, is worth the subscription price of the work, which is only TWO DOLLARS a year, in advance. The next number of this Quarterly will contain a work, by George Combe, on the "RELATION BETWEEN RELIGION AND SCIENCE," in which all will be deeply interested.

FRIENDS OF OUR CAUSE,

WE are most happy again to acknowledge our obligations for the efforts which you have made, in extending the circulation of this Journal. The generous and liberal support which it has received from your hands will not be forgotten by its proprietors, nor will its influence on the public mind soon be erased. The Journal closed its last volume with upward of TWENTY THOUSAND SUBSCRIBERS, nearly double to that of the previous volume. The success of this Journal has been infinitely greater than that of any other magazine in America, or probably in the world. Now what is the cause of all this? The question is easily answered, as follows: Every MAN, WOMAN, and CHILD, who becomes imbued with the reforming influence of Phrenology, at once put their shoulder to the wheel, and help it on; and the influence of so many true souls combined, can hardly be equaled by the steam-engine itself. It MUST go on; and so long as we are thus sustained, no effort on our part shall be wanting. We will do all we can toward extending phrenological science throughout the length and breadth of the universe. Nor will it be long before phrenological societies will spring up in every town and village, and be taught as a regular branch of science by every teacher, in every school-house and college in the land.

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To facilitate this great and glorious movement, we will send sample numBERS of this Journal, GRATIS, to all who may desire it, for obtaining additional subscribers. Already do the clubs begin to pour in upon us, for 1848. YOUNG MEN particularly are we much indebted. They are our most efficient co-workers. Still, all have an equal chance to do good in this boundless

cause.

PROFESSOR SILLIMAN says, "The very word (PHRENOLOGY) means the sci ence or knowledge of the mind, which all admit to be a pursuit of the HIGHEST

DIGNITY AND IMPORTANCE.

A PHRENOLOGICAL SOCIETY has recently been formed in RIPLEY, Chatauque County, N. Y., and is now collecting a library. May success attend it. J. A. Sawin, Secretary.

ARTICLE XI.

PHRENOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION AND CHARACTER OF HON. CHARLES S. TODD,

THIS organization is one of uncommon power and efficiency. This form of nose evinces uncommon strength, along with that stirring activity which works up all this strength, and produces intensity of desire on the one hand, and ease and continuity of action on the other. Those who have such an organization will drive whatever they take hold of. They will also aim high, and strike far above ordinary minds. Ends which fully satisfy the ambition of others, such men will consider trifles, and accordingly grasp at objects which most men conVOL. X.-NO. II.-4.

sider above their reach. But indomitable perseverance, or very large Firmness and Combativeness, always accompany this temperament, so that such men not only undertake a great deal, but they always push with resistless force whatever they do begin, nor ever "give up the ship" till success crowns their efforts. The organic data which produces this controlling feature of his character we shall give in our articles on the temperaments, and shall therefore proceed now to his Phrenology.

The first thing to be done in examining a head is to ascertain what set of organs lead off the character. The largest organ is not, however, always the leader; for some organs, however large, never constitute this leader. Thus Firmness, though it may be the largest organ in the head, cannot, in the nature of things, become the team of the character. All it can do is to PROSECUTE the ends secured by the other faculties. So, too, it is hardly possible for Combativeness to become the OBJECT of one's life; but, however men may love to oppose, their other faculties must give them the SUBJECTS on which to expend such opposition. Thus with our subject. His temperament indicates that these are the two largest organs in his head. Our great inquiry, then, is, What other faculties are the EMPLOYERS of these powerful workers? Self-Esteem almost always accompanies this temperament. It is undoubtedly a kind of general in his character. Approbativeness is probably large, though subordinate to Self-Esteem, and both together give that towering ambition which would render him eminently aspiring, and generally known. Those with such an organization would not keep out of public life if they could, and could not if they would. They love to command, and always find those in abundance who love to be commanded by them.

This is still further facilitated by his second leading group, namely, very large PERCEPTIVES. These, besides rendering him a most acute observer of men and things, give him a high order of good sense and practical judgment. He of course jumps at conclusions, yet always jumps RIGHT. That power

and action of temperament already described render his brain dense, yet elastic; as quick as a flash, yet as enduring as steel. To fatigue such a brain with mental labor is hardly possible, and yet the amount which it will perform, both in a given time and in a lifetime, is astonishing. This temperament gives the perceptives peculiar power and efficiency. We often say that such and such things will grow in such and such soils, because the latter are NATURAL to the former. Now this temperament is the natural soil of the perceptives, as well as of those faculties which give force. I mean that it favors their ACTION, as well as development, and renders them even more efficient than their size, which is large, would indicate. To this reciprocal relation which exists between the Physiology and Phrenology, the reader's particular attention is invited, because the doctrine itself is so very important, and because our subject furnishes one of the very best examples of it to be found. Of his character I know nothing; but these organic conditions assure me that he is one of the shrewdest and most sagacious of men-long-headed, clear-headed, successful, and talented.

These conditions also render him apparently profound, and actually so, to all practical intents and purposes; yet it is PERCEPTIVE profundity, instead of reflective. These conditions also facilitate scholarship, and profundity in learn

ing, or great ease in the acquisition of nearly all kinds of knowledge, together with sufficient Causality and Comparison to render him sound in reasoning and cogent in argument. They are especially adapted to legal and political pursuits, and give a faculty of operating on mind which guarantees success.

Order is especially developed. See that marked projection over the outer angle of each eye. It amounts almost to a deformity, and I venture the prediction, though wholly ignorant of the fact, that he is a PERFECT DISCIPLINARIAN, as methodical as a clock, and perfectly old-maidish about order. In this respect he must be one of the very hardest men to please, yet, when pleased, pleased to perfection. His house must be just so, and every thing about it in tip-top style, or else he cannot endure it; and if it is to his taste, he must take a great deal of pride in it. He is one of the best judges and greatest admirers of architecture to be found, and a first-rate director of workmen.

His mathematical faculties are all large, and talents of a high order. ACQUISITIVENESS seems to be amply developed, and, in conjunction with his powerful perceptives, makes him one of the best of buyers and sellers, and confers the talents for rapidly amassing wealth. But that far-reaching faculty already described would prevent his operating on a small scale. Such a man might BEGIN life on the penny system, but would very soon launch out till he did the largest kind of a business. Nor do I see any thing to prevent, but every thing to render our subject a very rich man. Or if he is poor, he has been rendered and kept so by others. He never erred in judging of the value of property, and would lay wise plans for accumulating wealth. In fact, he is wise in every thing, for a better BALANCED intellect is rarely ever found. Hence he is a kind of universal genius, and endowed with remarkable versatility of talent. It is surprising how much he knows on all subjects, and how much he can do of all kinds of business.

LANGUAGE is also amply developed. This gives freedom and power of expression, and such a temperament invariably gives POWER of idea, and that same force of THOUGHT which it has already been shown to give force of character. Such an organization must communicate, yet will never talk without SAYING something. It would render him especially noted for his pithy, racy, scorching, cutting, sensible, and pertinent remarks, and admirably adapt him to public speaking-not to short squibs, but to long and able speeches, where mind grapples with mind in powerful conflict.

This quality of his mind also contributes greatly to that capacity for coмMANDING, for swaying men, already ascribed to him; yet he would command, not like the captain of a British man-of-war, with stern severity and iron might, but with so much smoothness and blandness as to seem to follow, while he was virtually captain. There is a silent dignity, and hidden power, which pleases while it awes, and renders its subjects as pleased as willing to obey. In other words, his temperament evinces SMOOTHNESS in connection with power. Power, with coarseness of texture, leaves the character rough-shod throughout, and large Firmness, Self-Esteem, and Combativeness, in such men, render them domineering and imperative. But the temperament of our subject softens off all these asperities, and at the same time leaves all its native energy. Hence he keeps many employed in executing his will, who scarcely realize that they are at work under him, but suppose they are on their own hook. His Human

Nature is also admirably developed, and this greatly aids him in controlling mind.

FRIENDSHIP and BENEVOLENCE also accompany this temperament, and render him generally beloved, and eminently influential. In short, he is fitted in To sum every respect for a popular leader, in more departments than one.

up, his Phrenology and Physiology render him remarkably resolute, efficient, bold, judicious, stable, determined, aspiring, ambitious, honorable, good-feeling, well-informed, methodical, sensible, logical, learned, practical, successful, and influential.*

COLONEL TODD, late minister to Russia, so favorably known to his countrymen as a soldier and diplomat, is a native of Kentucky, having been born near Dansville, on the 22d of January, 1791; the year before the District of Kentucky then a part of Virginia, had become an independent state. He is the second son of the late Judge Thomas Todd, of the Supreme Court of the United States, who emigrated to Kentucky from Virginia in 1786, and of Elizabeth Harris, a niece of Wm. Stewart, a surveyor from Pennsylvania, who fell at the disastrous defeat of the "Blue Licks," in August, 1782. Mrs. Harris, the grandmother of Col. Todd, emigrated to Kentucky for the purpose of securing the valuable lands which her deceased brother had located, and the father of Col. Todd sought his fortunes in the then wilderness as a young lawyer. It is creditable to his character and energy, and to the nature of our free institutions, that though he acquired his knowledge of the law by fire-light, he rose to the first offices of the young state, and from thence to the supreme bench of the United States, without any solicitation on his part. Contemporaneous history bears testimony to his having been the soul of business in all the early transactions of the state, and of his having been transferred by Mr. Jefferson, in 1807, from the position of Chief Justice of Kentucky to the highest judicial department of the Union. His colleague and brother justice, the late Judge Story, has offered a tribute to his memory in the preface to the 12th vol., by R. Peters, of the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States. In after life, Judge Todd intermarried with Mrs. Washington, the youngest sister of Mrs. Madison, relict of President Madison. Col. Todd, the subject of this memoir, married, in 1816, the youngest daughter of Gov. Shelby, his lady being a cousin of Mrs. Clay, and of Senator Benton; and Mrs. Crittenden is Col. Todd's cousin, and was the widow of his brother. It will be seen in the course of this narrative that Col. Todd was the military pupil of President Harrison, and the diplomatic pupil of President Monroe, and we trust our account of his subsequent career will afford abundant evidence of his being worthy of such high associations. A spirit kindred

* The Editor knows nothing of Col. Todd's real character, but has written the above solely from his Phrenology and Physiology; nor will he see the following biography of him, furnished by a friend, till it is in print, so that readers will here have a good test of phrenological science. All he has written he has inferred from that imperfect view of his organs furnished by this likeness, and from his TEMPERAMENT, yet even more from the latter than the former. The reader should bear in mind the great organic law that certain phrenologies invariably accompany certain physiologies—a fundamental truth which it will be the special object of the two series of articles on the characters of remarkable personages, and on the temperaments, to elucidate.