Cobden's advice to the people, ii 57; statistics of the League's growth, ii 83; great bazaar in Covent Garden Thea- tre, ii 83; seeks to provide voting qua- lifications, ii 83, 84; great meeting at Manchester during the Irish famine, ii 90; successful appeal for funds, ii 91; its influence in the country, ii 95: dreaded by the Duke of Wellington, ii 95; dissolution of the League, ii 115; handsome presents to its chief sup- porters, ii 115; its revival, ii 297, 303. Analytic Sanitary Commission of the Lancet, superintended by Dr. A. H. Hassall, iii 229.
Anglo-French alliance, letters of Napo- leon and Prince Albert, iii 275. Arch, Mr. Joseph, iv 311. Arctic exploration, ii 203. Argyll, Duke of, lord privy seal in the Aberdeen ministry, ii 317, and in Pal- merston's ministry, iii 151; his early career, iii 304; his writings and wide social influence, iii 304; his marriage, iii 304; character of, iv 212; secretary for India, iv 270.
Arkwright, Richard, his spinning frame, i 275.
Ballot, advocated by George Grote, i 107; discussions on, iv 307; bill passed, iv 308.
Baly, Dr., killed in a railway accident, iv 42.
Bandiera, story of the brothers, i 336. Bank Act, amendment of, ii 61. Bank Charter Act, suspension of, in 1857, iii 221.
Barry, Sir Charles, death of, iv 4. Baths and washhouses, movement for erecting public, ii 178.
Beales, Mr. Edmond, iv 223; his efforts for the Reform League, iv 223; his share in the Hydepark Riots, iv 224; at great trades' demonstration, iv 239. Belgium formed into a kingdom under Leopold, i 91.
Bentham, Jeremy, his influence on poli- tical progress, i 52.
Bentinck, Lord George, his career, i 332; Mr. Disraeli on, i 333; leader of the Protectionists, ii 99; Mr. Disraeli's biography of, ii 99; his mode of im- proving the condition of Ireland, ii 119; his death, ii 205.
Berlin, congress at, iv 318. Bessemer, Henry, iv 19, 20. Bethell, Mr. See Westbury.
Arms, improvement in, iii 326. Armstrong, Sir William, invention of Betting-offices, evils of, iii 6.
improved gun, iii 326.
Arnaud, Marshal St., in the Crimea, iii 92; is attacked by cholera, iii 94. Arnold, Dr., his influence on public school life, ii 175.
Arrow, case of the lorcha, iii 198. Ashantee, war in, iv 304.
Ashley, Lord. See Shaftesbury. Attwood, Mr., motion in House of Commons to consider the Five Points of the Charter, i 261. Auchterarder case, the, ii 166. Auckland, Lord, Governor-general of India, appoints General Pollock to the command of an Afghan expedition, ii 9. Australia, first settlement in, i 192; ceases to receive convicts from Britain, ii 194; Australian Colonies Government Bill introduced and passed, ii 197; Mr. Gladstone proposes an ecclesiastical constitution for the Australian colonies, ii 197: discovery of gold in, ii 201; statistics of, ii 202; exploration in, iv
Australia, South, misgovernment of, ii
190; representative government granted to, ii 190.
Austria, insurrection in, ii 155; war with Prussia, iv 236.
Austria and Italy. See Italy. Ayrton, Mr., on her Majesty, iv 239; is rebuked by Mr. Bright, iv 239. Aytoun, Mr., his motion on the May- nooth Grant and the Regium Donum, iv 266.
Aytoun, Professor, death of, iv. 198; his works and literary position, iv 198.
Baker, Sir Samuel, explorations in Africa, iv 20. Balaklava, occupied by the allies, iii 97; attacked by the Russians, iii 107.
Bishoprics abolished in 1833, i 110. Blessington, Lady, iii 4. Bilbury Reservoir, near Huddersfield, bursting of, ii 288; iv 184.
Birkbeck, Dr., establishes mechanics' institutes, i 50.
Birkenhead troopship, wreck of the, ii 298.
Bismarck, Prince, his view of govern- ment, iv his conduct in the Austro- Prussian war, iv 237. Blomfield, Bishop, sketch of, i 47. Black Friday, iv 235; panic in London, iv 236.
Blum, Robert, leader in Hungarian insurrection, seized and shot, ii 155. Board of Health, appointment of, ii 181. Board of Trade returns of imports and exports of food, iv 1, 2.
Bomba, nickname of Ferdinand, King of Naples, iv 66.
Booth, John Wilkes, assassinates Pre- sident Lincoln, iv 143; is shot, iv 143. Bowring, Sir John, early history and character, i 199; appointed consul at Canton and governor of Hong Kong, iii 200; his action in the Arrow affair,
war, iii 73; speech in the House of Commons, iii 79; he refuses to contri- bute to the Patriotic Fund, iii 118; his opposition to the French alliance, iii 118; speech on the popularity of the war, iii 119; letter to his constituents, iii 120; loses his seat, iii 120, 204; fare- well address to his late constituents, iii 205: his appeal to the government on behalf of peace, iii 154; his outlines of a reform bill, iii 289; opposes Dis- raeli's reform bill, iii 290; is elected member for Birmingham, iii 290; his address at Glasgow on parliamentary reform, iii 296; speech on the in- come tax, succession duties, and the relations between France and England, iii 317; his scheme for reforming taxa- tion, iii 330; speeches on church-rates, iv 15; on the right of the House of Lords to interfere with taxation bills, iv 28; on the prosperity and institutions of the United States, iv 103; president of the Board of Trade, iv 269; chan- cellor of the duchy of Lancaster, iv 289. Britannia Tubular Bridge, completion of, ii 175.
British Association for the Advance- ment of Science, meeting in Man- chester, i 277.
Brooke, Sir James, Rajah of Sarawak, i 290; his career in Borneo, ii 157: his proceedings discussed in parliament, ii 158; returns to England and is well received, ii 159: appointed governor of Labuan but removed, ii 159; Mr. Glad- stone on his proceedings, ii 159. Brougham, Lord, opposes Wellington administration, i 32; elected member for Yorkshire, i 60; his great industry and fame, i 61; disliked as a coadjutor, i 62; amiable in private life, i 62; his personal appearance and vanity, i 63; his reckless use of personalities, i 63; not a great lawyer, i 64; extent of his knowledge and literary powers, i 65; appointed lord-chancellor, i 69; per- sonal quarrel between him and Earl of Durham, i 125; his criticism on the weakness of the cabinet in the Com- mons, i 127: is disliked by the king, i 127; he advocates repeal of stamp-duty on newspapers, i 189; his antagonism to Lord Melbourne, i 220; is reconciled with Lord Lyndhurst, i 221; he pro- poses in the Lords the abolition of the corn duties, ii 33; his claims on the gratitude of the nation, ii 46; opposes Lord Lyndhurst's married women bill, iii 12; applies for letters of naturaliza- tion in France, intending to offer him- self as candidate for presidentship, iii 13: Lord Brougham in 1859, iii 304: his address to working men at Shef- field in 1865, iv 241; death of, iv 198. Brown, John, his efforts on behalf of the slave, iv 92; is tried and sentenced to death, iv 95; letter from prison to a Quaker lady, iv 98; his execution,iv 99. Brown, Sir George, at the battle of the Alma, iii 96.
Browning, Mrs., poem on tyranny in Naples, Hungary, and Italy, ii 139. Bruce, Frederick, sent to Pekin to ratify the treaty of Tien-tsin, iv 59.
Bruce, Henry A., home secretary, iv 270. Brunel, Mr., makes the Thames Tunnel,
Brussels, insurrection in 1830, i 91. Buckland, Dean, outcry against, ii 176. Budget: of 1840, i 306; of 1841, i 308; of 1842, i 330; ii 19, 34; of 1844, ii 60, 62; of 1845, i 69; of 1846, ii 96; of 1852, Mr. Disraeli's, ii 310; Mr. Gladstone's first, ii 329; of 1854, iii 52, 57; supple- mentary budget, iii 59; of Sir George Cornewall Lewis, iii 163, 164, 219; of Mr. Disraeli in 1858, iii 289; of Mr. Gladstone in 1859, iii 316; of 1860, iii
337; of 1861, iv 31; of 1862, iv 119; of 1863, iv 146; of 1864, iv 171; of 1865, iv 173; of 1866, iv 212; of 1869, iv 273; of 1871, iv 287.
Bull Run, battle of, iv 115. Buller, Charles, ii 206.
Bulwer, Sir E. Lytton, on newspaper stamp-duty, i 189; his speech on reform bill of 1866, iv 216.
Bunsen, Chevalier, death of, iv 38. Burdett, Sir Francis, fined and impri- soned, i 2; deserts the Liberals, i 97. Burke, Colonel, Irish-American agita- tor, iv 252. Burking, i 176.
Burmah, war with, iii 197; annexation of Pegu, iii 197.
Campbell, Thomas, death of, i 286. Canada, revolt in, i 221; causes of dis- content, 222; the cause of the colon- ists advocated by Mr. Hume, i 224; bill introduced to suspend the constitu- tion of Lower Canada, opposed by Mr. Roebuck, i 224; appointment of the Earl of Durham as governor-general, i 225; complaints of his policy, i 227; he resigns, i 227; bill granting indem- nities to people whose property had been injured during insurrection, ii 195; discussed in the British parliament, ii 196; Fenian raid on, iv 251. Canning, George, his early life and poli- tical views, 7: his oratory, i 20; his administration, i 27; death, i 29. Canning, Lord, succeeds Lord Dal- housie as Governor-general of India, iii 245 outcry against his policy, iii 271; his proclamation regarding the landowners of Oudh, iii 272; success of his policy, iii 273; appointed first Vice- roy in India, iii 275; his death, iii 273.
Canrobert, General, commander of the French troops in the Crimea, iii 104; the queen's description of him, iii 104; resigns his command, iii 135, 164. Canton captured by the allied forces, iii 276.
Burnes, Sir Alexander, murdered in Cape of Good Hope, opposition to the Cabul, ii 8.
landing of convicts, ii 195.
Burton, Captain, explorations in Africa, Capital punishment, efforts to abolish, iv 20. 17: statistics of, ii 17; commission on, iv 168; public executions abolished, iv 169.
Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell, advocates the abolition of slavery, i 22, 146. Byron, Lord, intimacy with Lady Caro- line Lamb, i 316.
Cabinets: Canning's, i 27; three cab- inets in seven months, i 30; Welling- ton's, i 30; Grey's, i 69, 90; Melbourne's, i 98, 126, 145, 158, 233; Peel's, i 130, 158, 231, 318; ii 91; Russell's, ii 116; iv 182; Derby's, ii 296; iii 287; iv 222; Aberdeen's, ii 316; Palmerston's, iii 150, 292; Disraeli's, iv 235, 292; Gladstone's, iv 269, 323.
Cairns, Sir Hugh, supports Disraeli's reform bill of 1859, iii 291; is solicitor- general in the Conservative adminis- tration, i 303; his rapid promotion, iii 303; Bulwer's description of him,
303. Cambridge, Duke of, at battle of the Alma, iii 96.
Campbell, Sir Colin, birth and educa- tion, iii 305; enters the army, iii 305: services in the Peninsula, in America, Demerara, China, in India under Lord Gough, in the Scinde campaign with Sir Charles Napier, and in the Crimea, iii 305; at the battle of the Alma, iii 96; appointed commander-in-chief of the forces in India, iii 255; relieves Lucknow and removes the non-com- batants in safety, iii 258; announces the close of the rebellion, iii 268; is made Lord Clyde, iii 268.
Cardigan, Earl of, his share in the blun- der at Balaklava, iii 109; his quarrel- some disposition, iii 109. Cardwell, Mr., president of the Board of Trade, ii 317; Indian secretary, iii 151; he resigns, iii 154; secretary for war, iv 270; his army reforms, iv 286. Caricatures of HB, i 97. Carlisle, Lord, his early career, Lord-lieutenant of Ireland, iii 151. Carlyle, Thomas, on the abolition of slavery, i 154; on Chartism, i 251, 262; on emigration, 254; on the Poor-law Association, ii 288; his History of the French Revolution, ii 163. Caroline, Queen, trial of, i 6; her death and funeral, i 39.
Castlereagh, Lord, suicide of, i 19; his kindness of manner, i 133. Cathcart, Sir George, killed at Inker man, iii 112; letter from the queen to his widow, iii 112.
Catholic Association, the, i 25. Catholic Emancipation, i 19; refusal of Canning to oppose, i 27; bill brought in by Peel and passed, i 33; it fails to restore order, i 36.
Cavignari, murder of Sir Louis, iv 319. Cavour, Count, his early career, iii 133; induces Sardinia to join France and England, i 134; his policy during Garibaldi's movements, iv 71; difficul- ties from Garibaldi's successes, iv 75; his circular to the courts of Europe, iv 77; his death, iv 42, 83.
Campbell, Lord, his early career and Cawnpore, mutiny at, iii 251; its defence
by Sir Hugh Wheeler, iii 252; Nana
Sahib's treachery and cruelty, iii General Havelock captures, iii 256. Cecil, Lord Robert, iv 169; his charge against Mr. Lowe, iv 170. Cemeteries, outside of cities, ii 18. Chalmers, Dr., ii 165; Sara Coleridge's criticism on his manner, ii 166. Chamber's Edinburgh Journal begun, 1832, i 112.
Chartism, Carlyle on, i 251, 262; the Six Points, i 258; meetings at Birmingham, Manchester, and London, 1 258; im- prisonment of Henry Vincent, i 260; the National Petition, i 261; Mr. Att- wood's motion, i 261; apprehension of the secretaries of the National Conven- tion, i 261; meeting and riots in Bir- mingham, i 261; sentences on the pris- oners, i 262; arrest of Feargus O'Con- nor, i 262; arrest and transportation of Frost, Williams, and Jones, i 263; end of Chartism, i 263; Disraeli's descrip- tion of some Chartist doings, i 265; Chartists try to stir up the people, i 280; Harriet Martineau on, i 280; causes alarm in London, ii 148; the second National Petition, ii 148; at- tempt to put down public meetings, ii 148; meeting on Kennington Com- mon, ii 149; Earl Russell's account of the proceedings, ii 149; its after effects, ii 149.
Chatham, Earl of, advocates parliamen- tary reform, i 1.
Cheap trains for the working-classes, iv 153.
Childers, Mr., first lord of the admir- alty, iv 270.
China, opening up of, i 290; first war with, i 290; capture of Nankin and Hong-Kong, i 290; large war indem- nity, i 290; second war with, iii 196; seizure of the crew of the lorcha Arrow by the Chinese and demand for their restoration, iii 198; Mr. Parkes applies to Sir John Bowring, iii 199; the men sent back, but apology refused by Governor Yeh, iii 200; bombardment of Canton, iii 201; Lord Lyndhurst's speech in the House of Lords, iii 201; Mr. Cobden's pamphlet, iii 201; he condemns the government action, iii 202; defeat of the government, iii 202; Disraeli and Gladstone on the govern- ment's policy, iii 203; Canton taken, iii 276; capture and death of Commis- sioner Yeh, iii 277; Mr. Frederick Bruce sent to Pekin to ratify treaty of Tien-tsin, iv 59; the Taku forts de- fended, iv 60; Admiral Hope attempts to storm them, iv 61; Baron Gros and Lord Elgin sent out with a sufficient force, iv 61; taking of the Taku forts and march towards Pekin, iv 61; cruel treatment of the allied commissioners by the Chinese, iv 61; release of the prisoners and surrender of Pekin, iv 62; indignation of the troops, iv 62; de- struction of the Summer Palace, iv 62; conclusion of the convention, iv 63. Chisholm, Mrs., her efforts on behalf of emigrants, ii 199. Chloroform, opposition to the use of, ii 177.
Cholera in 1831, i 109; in 1849, ii 178. 85
CHRISTIAN Christian, Duke of Glucksburg, becomes King of Denmark, iv 146. Christian Socialism, ii 50. Chupatties in the Indian mutiny, iii 247. Church of England Mr. Gladstone's ac- count of revival in, i 45; influence of Wordsworth and Coleridge on, i 48; position of the, iv 200; Mr. Disraeli's speech on, iv 200; evangelical move- ment in, iv 202; secessions to Church of Rome, iv 203; Dr. Colenso's book, iv 204; action on Essays and Reviews, iv 205.
Church of Ireland, the bill of 1833, i 122; Mr. Ward's motion in 1834, i 123; the king receives a deputation on, i 130; statistics of, i 137; debates on the Irish Tithe Bill, i 135; defeat of the ministry, i 144; the bill abandoned by the Mel- bourne ministry, i 146; Mr. Dillwyn's motion on the, iv 174; Mr. Gladstone's views, iv 175: conversion of tithe into rent charge, iv 259; early attempts at disestablishment, iv 260; Mr. Glad- stone's resolutions introduced, iv 263; majority against the government, iv 265; bill for disestablishment and disen- dowment introduced, iv 270; debate on, IV 272; opposition to the bill, iv 274; its reception in the Lords, iv 274; be- comes law, iv 275; work of the com- missioners, iv 275; a new constitution drawn up, iv 276.
Church of Scotland, application for aid to extend, i 213; opposition to, i 213,
Church extension in London, iv 200. Church-rates, unsuccessful attempt to abolish, i 180; Sir John Trelawney's bill for the abolition of, iv 13; agitation concerning, iv 13; Mr. Disraeli on, iv 13; Mr. Hubbard's bill, iv 13; Bishop of Exeter's conciliatory proposal, iv 13: Sir John Trelawney's bill again brought in, iv 14; thrown out on second read- ing, iv 16; introduced a third time, but thrown out, iv 16; compulsory church-rates abolished, iv 295. Clarendon, Lord, foreign secretary, iv
Clerkenwell Prison, outrage on, iv 255. Cobbett, William, outlines of his career, i 99; lectures on political subjects, i ror; is prosecuted for seditious writ- ing, i 102; a contemporary description of his appearance and manner of speak- ing, i 102; is returned for Oldham, i 103; his want of success in parliament, i 103; his death, i 103; character of,
i 104. Cobden, Richard, enters parliament, i 313; his connections with trade, and early writings, ii 23; begins to advocate repeal of the corn-law, ii 24; devotes himself entirely to this work, ii 25; is elected for Stockport, ii 32; addresses the House of Commons on the bread- tax, 32, 33: quarrel between him and Peel, ii 39; his influence with foreign audiences, ii 51; he moves for an in- quiry into the effect of legislative pro- tection, ii 75; his position with regard to the Crimean war, iii 61; his home at Dunford, iii 63; his outline of a people's anti-war budget, iii 65; his efforts for
the prevention of war, iii 66; criticism on the mode of conducting the war, iii 67; his unpopularity during the war, iii 68; addresses his constituents on the war, iii 141; loses his seat, iii 204; on the evil effects of war, iii 210; is offered the post of president of the Board of Trade by Lord Palmerston, iii 292, 293; is elected for Rochdale, iii 293; his account of the interviews with min- isters, iii 293, 294: his refusal of office,
iii 295; is present at Lady Palmerston's
reception, iii 295: his efforts to bring about a commercial treaty with France, iii 297; his interview with Napoleon concerning the treaty, iii 319; impres- sions of the emperor, iii 320; M. Rou- her's plan of a commercial treaty, iii 320; interviews with Count Walewski and the emperor, iii 320; his letter to Mr. Bright, iii 321; his opinion of Prince Napoleon, iii 322; on the degrading effects of war, iv 7; his health gives way, iv 179; refuses lucrative office, iv 179; his death, iv 180; Mr. Bright's remarks on, iv 180.
Cochrane, Lord. See Dundonald. Cockburn, Lord, his early career, ii 219; speech on the Don Pacifico business, ii 219; personal appearance and quali- fications, i 220; is attorney-general, ii 317.
Coffee-houses, establishment of cheap, ii 18.
Colenso, Dr., consecrated Bishop of Natal, i 44; his book, iv 204; his action for recovery of salary, iv 205. Coleridge, S. T., his influence, i 186; a great talker, i 186.
Colonies, misgovernment of, ii 190; ap- peals for representative government, ii 192; motion for a royal commission to inquire into the administration of the colonial possessions, ii 196; schemes of emigration to, ii 198. Combe, Dr. Andrew, ii 176. Combe, George, discussion about his writings, i 176; his reply to Baron Stockmar's letter, ii 176; on the dim- inution of aristocratic feeling, ii Commercial depression in 1836-7, i 276; commercial crisis in 1847, ii 176; com- mercial failures in 1866, iv 235. Commercial morality, lack of, iv 190. Concerts, popular, iv. 8. Congregational Union of England and Wales founded, i 110. Conservative government, the first, i
Conservative party, increase in, after the reform bill was passed, i 200. Conspiracy to Murder Bill, introduced by Lord Palmerston, iii 284; debate on, iii 285; defeat of the government, iii 287.
Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act, pas- sing of, iv 2.
Coomassie entered, iv 306. Cooper, Thomas, writes The Purgatory of Suicides, i 282.
Co-operative societies, started, ii 150; successfully conducted in Rochdale, iv 130, 131; objects of the Rochdale society, iv 131, 132; its rapid success, iv 132; employment of surplus capital,
Copyright, international, between Bri- tain and France, iii 1. Corn-law rhymes, i 23.
Corn-laws, agitation against, i 23, 273: growing demand for their repeal, ii 19; Sir Robert Peel's sliding-scale, ii 19: opposition to it, ii 21; large majority for government, ii 23; amendment by Mr. Villiers for the total abolition of the duty, ii 23; great banquet of Anti- Corn-law League, ii. 24; dinner by working-men, ii 25; increase of associa- tions for the repeal of the, ii 25; op- position of Chartists, ii 25; conference of ministers of religion, ii 26; exertions of the ladies' committee, ii 27; opening of the Free-trade Hall, ii 28; Mr. Bright advocates the abolition of the duty, 31; Mr. Duncombe's motion to reassemble parliament to consider the, ii 37; passionate discussion on, ii 37; reduction of duty on Canadian grain, ii 53; motions by Lord John Russell regarding, ii 84; increasing demand for repeal on account of the famine in Ire- land, ii 87; Sir Robert Peel's convic- tion, ii 88; differences in the cabinet, ii 88; Lord John Russell's conviction, ii 89; majority of the cabinet against abolition, i 90; Duke of Wellington supports Peel, ii 90; startling announce- ment by the Times, ii go; resignation and return to office of Sir Robert Peel, ii 91; renewed effort of the League, ii 91; Peel's proposals to reduce the duties, ii 96; discussion of, ii 97: the bill passes, ii 106.
Corrupt practices at elections, bill to prevent, i 28.
Cotton, prices of, during the civil war, iv 126; efforts to promote its growth in British colonies, iv 129; Mr. Gladstone on the cotton famine, iv 148. County Franchise Bill of 1864 thrown out, iv 174.
Couper, Sir George, death of, iv 42. Courtenay. See Thom. Courvoisier, François, trial of, for mur- der, and defence by Mr. Phillips, i 306. Covent Garden Theatre, burnt, iv 8; M. Jullien's concerts at, iv 8. Cowley, Lord, ambassador at Paris, iii 287. Crabbe, George, i 186. Cranborne,
Lord, becomes Indian secretary, iv 222; Mr. Disraeli on, iv 264.
Cranworth, Lord, lord-chancellor in the Aberdeen and Palmerston ministries, ii 316, iii 151.
Cremorne Gardens, iv 7. Crime, statistics of, iv 326. Crimean war, events which led to, iii 14: attitude of the czar, iii 14; Lord Aber- deen's disinclination for war, iii 20; al- liance between England and France, iii 20; letter from Napoleon to the czar, 21; foundation of the Russian demands,iii 22; the Russian army takes possession of Moldavia and Wallachia.
iii 23: the Vienna note, iii 23; excite- ment in Turkey, iii 24; Lord Palmer- ston eager for decisive measures, iii 24: the French and British fleets sent to the Dardanelles, iii 25; Turkey de- clares war, iii 27; Prince Albert and Lord Palmerston on the situation, iii 27, 28; Lord Aberdeen's views, iii 30; Nicholas declares war against Turkey, iii 31; he writes to the queen, iii 31; the queen's reply, iii 32; commence- ment of hostilities, iii 32; the Turkish fleet destroyed at Sinope, iii 33: the allied fleets ordered to the Black Sea, iii 33; attitude of Prussia and Austria, iii 34; manifesto by the Emperor of Russia, iii 34; the war feeling in Eng- land, iii 35; the ultimatum of England to Russia, iii 36; description of the Crimea, iii 37; the poetic English party, iii 38; popular outcry for war, iii 38; the camp at Chobham Common, iii 39; naval review at Spithead, iii 39; departure of troops, iii 40; arrival of the allied armies in Turkey, iii 40; co- operation of the French and English, iii
41; Mr. Gladstone's budget of 1854, iii 52; King of Prussia's letters to the queen, iii 53; the queen's reply, iii 54: the czar's insincerity, iii 56; the budget, iii 357: a supplementary budget, iii 59: attitude of Gladstone, Cobden, and Bright, iii 60, 61; Mr. Gladstone on British interests and the war, iii 68; departure of the Baltic fleet, iii 70, 77; instructions of Sir James Graham, iii 77; correspondence between him and Sir Charles Napier, iii 78; results achieved in the Baltic, iii 79; another Baltic fleet despatched under Admiral Dun- das, iii 79; speech by Mr. Bright, iii 79: Mr. Gladstone writing in 1878 on the subject, iii 87; a day of prayer and supplication appointed, iii 88; siege of Silistria, iii 89, 90; Palmerston's plans for the campaign, iii 89; conduct of Austria, iii 89; speech by Lord Lynd- hurst, i 391; plan for the attack of Sebastopol, iii 92; want of information about the Russian preparations, iii 93, 96; Mr. Kinglake and the Times on the need for attacking Sebastopol,iii 93: ravages of cholera in the allied armies, iii 93; Varna on fire, iii 94; the armies embark for the Crimea, iii 94; Eupa- toria surrendered, iii 95; battle of the Alma, iii 95; march to Balaklava, iii 97; desire of Napoleon to go to the Crimea, iii 99; Sardinia joins the allies, iii 100; General Canrobert commands the French troops, iii 104; strength of Sebastopol, iii 105; attack by the Rus- sians on the allies at Balaklava, iii 107; the charge of the Light Brigade, iii 108; another attack on Balaklava, iii 110; battle of Inkerman, iii 111; insufficency of the commissariat arrangements and sufferings of the men, iii 115; destruc- tion of supplies by a storm, iii 116; blundering of the transport service, iii 117; the Times' subscription list for the relief of the sick and wounded, iii 118; the Patriotic Fund, iii 118; refusal of the peace party to contribute to this fund, iii 118; Miss Florence
Nightingale and a staff of nurses ar- rive, i 122; cholera in the camp, iii 123: picture of the scene between the harbour and the English position, iii 123; courage and patience of the troops, iii 124; Lord Panmure's in- structions to Lord Raglan, iii 125; an army of reserve formed at Malta, iii 126; a railway made from Balaklava to the trenches, iii 127; nationalities represented in the Crimea, iii 127; completion of telegraphic communica- tion between London and the seat of war, iii 128; condition of the army at Balaklava, iii 128; dearness of pro- visions, i 129; improvement in the camp, iii 129: M. Soyer organizes the culinary service, iii 130; description of the positions, iii 131; recruiting at home and abroad, iii 132; Sardinia enters the alliance against Russia, iii 134; landing of the Sardinian army in the Crimea, iii 135: death of Lord Raglan, iii 136; General Simpson takes the command, iii 136; treaty between England, France, and Austria concluded, iii 138; the four points of agreement as the basis of peace with Russia, iii 138; debate in parliament on the conduct of the war, iii 139; the Foreign Enlistment Bill, iii 140; Mr. Roebuck moves for a com- mittee of inquiry, iii 141, 143; Lord John Russell resigns office, iii 141; Mr. Roebuck's motion carried, iii 147; the government resign, iii 147; Lord Pal- merston announces the arrangements for prosecuting the war, iii 152; Mr. Layard attacks the new government, iii 153: Mr. Roebuck presses for a committee of inquiry, iii 153; repulse of the Russians at Eupatoria, iii 155; death of the Czar Nicholas, iii 155; return home of the wounded, iii 158; failure of negotiations for peace, iii 158; proceedings of the commission of in- quiry, i 159; a day of fasting ap- pointed, iii 159; distribution of war medals, iii 164; the losses of the Rus- sians, iii 164; destruction of stores at Kertch, iii 165; capture of the Sapone or White redoubts, the Mamelon, and the Quarries, iii 166; repulse of the French at the Malakhoff, iii 167; re- pulse of the English at the Redan, iii 167; death of Lord Raglan, iii 167; is succeeded by General Simpson, iii 168; discussions in parliament on the peace negotiations, iii 168; Mr. Lowe's amendment, iii 169; speeches by Glad- stone, Bright, Cobden, Sir J. Graham, Lord John Russell, iii 169; Prince Albert on the situation, iii 174; Mr. Gladstone's account in 1877 of the political situation in 1855,iii 175; speech by Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton, iii 176; the last of the Vienna conferences, iii 177; report of the committee of in- quiry, iii 177; danger of the publica- tion of army movements by the press, iii 179; renewed debates on the peace negotiations, iii 179; bombardment of Sveaborg, iii 184; repulse of a Russian attack at the Tchernaya, iii 184; taking of the Malakhoff, iii 185; repulse at the Redan, iii 186; evacuation of Sebasto-
pol, iii 186; cost of the war, iii 187: negotiations for peace, iii 189; confer- ence in Paris, iii 190; peace agreed upon, iii 190; the Crimea evacuated by the allies, iii 192; description of Se- bastopol, iii 192; a day of thanksgiv- ing, iii 193; naval review at Spithead, iii 193; rejoicings in London, iii 193; Mr. Gladstone on the terms of peace, iii 194.
Crimes of violence, increase of, iii 232; introduction of the garotte, iii 233; William Palmer the poisoner, iii 234. Criminal Code, amelioration of, i 177; counsel allowed to prisoners in criminal cases, i 268; restriction of capital punishment, i 268; transportation con- demned and abolished, i 271, iii 237; the ticket-of-leave system, iii 238; cruel- ties in prisons, iii 239; increased care- fulness in criminal trials, iv 5. Croker, John Wilson, i 41. Crystal Palace, ii 231; previous exhibi- tions, ii 231; its success due to Prince Albert, ii 231; first proposal of, meets with great opposition, ii 234; Sir Joseph Paxton's design adopted, ii 237; poem by Thackeray on, ii 238; site fixed on, ii 239; preparations for carrying out the plans, i 240; the opening ceremony, ii 241; the queen's account of the day's proceedings, ii 245; statistics of, and distribution of prizes, ii 248; difficulty as to disposal of the building, iii 2; removed and re-erected at Sydenham, ii 250; use of the surplus money, iii 3. Custody of Infants Bill, i 273.
Daguerre's improvement of photo- graphy, i 271. Dalhousie, Lord, governor-general of India, iii 243; abolishes suttee, iii 243; prohibits Thuggism, iii 243. Damascus, massacre of Christians in, iv 64.
Dano-German war. See Denmark. Darwin, Charles, his theory of the ori- gin of species, iv 24; sketch of his life, iv 25; his Descent of Man, iv 26. Davis, Jefferson, president of the Con- federate States, iv 89; his early career, iv 100; imprisoned at the close of the war, iv 142.
Deak, Francis, Hungarian statesman, ii 155.
Delhi, mutiny and massacre at, iii 248; the natives obtain possession of the city, iii 249; siege and capture of, iii 260; shooting of the king's sons, iii 263; the king taken to Rangoon, iii 268.
Denman, Lord, i 102.
Denmark and the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, iv 146, 160; arrogance of Prussia, iv 161; accession of Chris- tian IX., iv 161; his dispute with Hol- stein, iv 161; German troops enter the duchy, iv 162; remonstrance of Eng- land, iv 163; Schleswig occupied by a German army, iv 163; the powers re- fuse material assistance to Denmark, iv 163; the duchies ceded to Prussia
and Austria, iv 164; the government attacked on the Dano-German ques- tion, iv 165; Mr. Disraeli's speech and Mr. Gladstone's reply, iv 165; Mr. Bernal Osborne's sallies, iv 166; Lord Palmerston's defence, iv 166; his letter to King Leopold, iv 167; English sym- pathy for Denmark, iv 167. Denominational schools, support of, iv 296.
Derby, Lord, forms a ministry, ii 296; his statement in the House of Lords, ii 304; speech by Sir James Graham on the protection policy of the govern- ment, ii 304; determination to force the government to declare its policy, ii 307; again prime minister in 1858, iii 287; resigns, iii 292; again forms a ministry, iv 222; his reform bill in the House of Lords, iv 233; his retirement and death, iv 235.
Derby, Lord, resigns office in Lord Beaconsfield's ministry, iv 318. Dickens, Charles, influence of the Pick- wick Papers, i 188; his obituary notice of Thackeray, iv 196.
Discontent in the country, i 6, 70, 161. Diseased meat in London market, dis- posal of, iii 230.
Disestablishment of the church, first public meeting, i 111; Earl Grey on, i 1; Mr. Gladstone's views on, iv 296. Disraeli, Benjamin: education and early career, i 29; on Toryism versus Con- servatism, i 130; on the results of the queen's accession, i 250; on the Con- servative cause, i 251; formation of the Young England party, i 263; his change of sides, i 264; he describes some Char- tist doings, i 265; graphic scene in a tommy-shop, ii 15; becomes spokesman of the Protectionists, ii 63; his eulogy of Peel and virulent attack of Lord Palmerston, ii 63; study in Coningsby of Lord John Russell, ii 64; abuse of statesmen, ii 65; slighted by Sir Robert Peel, ii 65; his views at various stages of his political career, ii 65; description of a statesman's position, ii 66; his personal antipathy to Sir Robert Peel, ii 68, 73: speech on the Maynooth Col- lege Bill, i 81; speech on the Corn Bill, ii 103; his account of a scene in the house, ii 109; his estimate of Sir Robert Peel, ii 110; his burlesque of Leigh Hunt's imprisonment, ii 162; on the state of the church, ii 168; on the navigation laws, ii 187; proposes to modify the poor-laws, ii 188; on the power of the crown, ii 285; is chancel- lor of the exchequer, ii 296; his address to the Buckinghamshire electors, ií 302; his budget of 1852, and its opposition, ii 312; his reply, ii 313; speech by Mr. Gladstone, ii 315; defeat of the govern- ment, ii 316; is accused of plagiarism, ii
323; criticises the government con- duct of the Crimean war, iii 139, 146; his denunciation of Lord John Russell, iii 181; again chancellor of the ex- chequer, iii 287; he introduces a reform bill, iii 289; on the income-tax and re- duction of armaments, iii 317; on the abolition of church-rates, iv 13, 16; his speech against budget of 1862, iv 122;
his speech before the Oxford Diocesan Society, iv 200; against reform bill of 1866, iv 219; is chancellor of the ex- chequer, iv 222; introduces a reform bill, iv 226; succeeds Lord Derby as prime minister, iv 235; his administra- tion of 1868, iv 262; attack on Lord Cranborne, iv 264; his ministry re- sign, iv 269; character of, iv 314; his elevation to the peerage, iv 314; attends Berlin congress, iv 318; his illness and death, i 320; iv 324; sketch of his career, i 321.
Disraeli, Isaac, his writings, i 29. Disruption, the, of 1843, ii 165; financial efforts of the Free Church, ii 168. Dissenters' Burial Bill, iv 171. Dissenters' Chapel Bill, i 283; Gladstone on, i 283; Macaulay on, i 284. Distress in the country, i 331; in 1861, iv 123; in London in 1866-67, iv 240. Divorce Court Bill, iii 206; opposed by Mr. Gladstone, iii 206. Dorchester labourers, transportation of the, i 162; they are pardoned, i 163. D'Orsay, Count, his career, iii 4. Drainage of London, scheme for, iv 3. Drinking fountains, erection of, iv 4. Drummond, Edward, Sir Robert Peel's secretary, assassinated, ii 38. Druses, their cruelties to the Maronites, iv 63; their character and origin, iv 63. See Syria
Dufferin, Lord, his account of the scene after the massacre at Damascus, iv 65; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster,
Duncombe, Thomas, his political prin- ciples and moral character, i 248; pro- poses to extend the franchise, i 260; on opening of private letters by the government, i 335.
Dundas, Admiral, sent with a fleet to the Baltic, iii 79.
Dundonald, Earl, i 96; fined and im- prisoned, i 96; his services abroad, i 97; is restored to all his honours, i 97. Dunlop, John, a Temperance pioneer,
Ecclesiastical commission appointed, i 134; attempt to reform abuses, i 180. Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, iv 286. Ecclesiastico-political controversies, ii 165; the Disruption, ii 165; movement to separate church and state, ii 168; the High Church party gains ground, ii 168; Mr. Disraeli on the state of the Church, ii 168; opposition of Dissenters to national education, ii 169; Dr. Hampden's case, ii 169; Rev. Cor- nelius Gorham's case, ii 170. Education, Rowland Hill's system of, i 238; speech by Prince Albert at edu- cational conference, iii 218; increase of secular, iii 231; statistics of, iv 327. Education of neglected children, move- ment for, i 214; Mr. Gladstone on, iii 215.
Education, National, grant voted in 1833, i 267; extension of, and constitu- tion of committee of council on, i 267; speech of Mr. Shiel on, i 267; proposed scheme of, i 331; alarm of Dissenters at, i 331; withdrawal of the bill, i 332; agitation for, in 1852, ii 275; Lord John Russell's opinion of, ii 275; grants for, iv 169: Mr. Lowe and the Revised Code, iv 169.
Eglinton Tournament, i 264. Egypt, war in, iv 322.
Eldon, Lord, i 242.
Elections, family influence in, i 219. Electric Telegraph, its origin, i 241: increase of communication, iv 199; pur- chased by government, iv 267. Elementary Education Act, iv 280. Elgin, Lord, sent to China as British representative, iii 205, 275; sent to China to secure the ratification of the treaty of Tien-tsin, iv 61; orders the destruction of the Summer Palace, iv
Ellenborough, Lord, president of Board of Control, i 318; succeeds Lord Auck- land as Governor-general of India, ii 9: orders the gates of Somnauth to be carried away, ii 12; his opposition to Lord Canning's policy in India, iii 272. Dunne, Colonel, assists Garibaldi in Elliott, Ebenezer, the Corn-law Rhymer, Naples, iv 74.
Durham, Earl of, his early career, i 225; his quarrel with Lord Brougham, i 125; looked to as leader by advanced re- formers, i 219; sent to Canada as gov- ernor-general, i 225; opposition to his illegal actions, i 227; he resigns and retires into private life, i 228; his death, i 228; John Stuart Mill's defence of his policy, i 229.
Dwellings for the poorer classes, iv 199.
East India Company, origin and growth of, i 286; its trading privileges taken away, i 288.
Eastern question, dispute about the holy places, ii 334: Russia's designs against Turkey, ii 335; opposition to Russia, i 335; alliance between Bri- tain and France and declaration of war, i 336; is again brought up, iv
Elphinstone, Major-general, commander in Afghanistan, ii 8.
Emigration, advocated by Carlyle, i 254: schemes of, ii 198; statistics of, ii 200; iv 328. Employment of women and children, iv 282; evils of the gang system in agri- cultural districts, iv 282. Encumbered Estates Act, passing of, ii
Endowed Schools Act Amendment Bill, opposed by Messrs. Gladstone and Forster, iv 303. Engineering works, progress of, iv 199. Ernest, Prince, of Hohenlohe Langen- burg, death of, iv 42. Essays and Reviews, iv 205; their writers, iv 206; actions against Dr. Williams and Mr. Wilson, iv 206, 207; the Essays condemned in Convocation, iv 207; Lord Westbury's speech on Convocation, iv 207.
Eton, school life in Gladstone's days, i 11; celebrated men educated at, i 13;
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