stone's explorations, iv 22. Music-halls, increase of, iv 7.
ence between the Mexican and allied | Murchison, Sir Roderick, on Living- commissioners, iv 156; withdrawal of the English and Spanish governments, iv 157: proclamation of the French commissioners and defeat of the French troops, iv 157; General Forey sent out with reinforcements, iv 157; Puebla surrendered and the French enter the capital, iv 157; General Forey's pro- clamation, iv 157; the crown accepted by Maximilian, iv 158; opposition to his reign, iv 158; he is captured and executed, with his generals Miramon and Mejia, iv 158; Juarez again presi- dent, iv 159; fate of the ex-empress, iv 159.
Miall, Edward, his views on oaths, iii 7; is defeated, but afterwards elected for Bradford, iv 268.
Militia Bill, introduced by Lord John Russell, ii 291; opposed by Hume and Cobden, ii 292; speech by Lord Pal- merston, ii 293; defeat of government, ii 296; bill of 1852, iii 9; speech by Macaulay, iii 11.
Mill, James, a philosophic Radical, i 53; his influence with the East India Com- pany, i 286.
Mill, John Stuart, his influence on In- dian affairs, i 286; is rejected by West- minster electors, iv 268; his political views, iv 268.
Milner-Gibson, Thomas, advocates free trade in food, ii 24: gains a seat for Manchester, ii 26; opposes the sugar duties, i 71; is defeated at Ashton- under-Lyne, iv 268.
Mines, act regulating the working of women and children in, i 331. Mirror, first of the cheap magazines, i 112.
Mitchel, John, ii 145; his return from transportation, iv 293; is twice elected for Tipperary, iv 293; his death, iv 294. Model Lodging-houses, iii 217. Moldavia. See Principalities. Molesworth, Sir William, enters parlia- ment of 1832, i 107; opposition to, i 108; first commissioner of public works, ii 317; colonial secretary, iii 181. Moltke, General von, iv 237. Montebello, battle of, iii 313. Moore, Thomas, death of, 301. More, Hannah, influence of her writ- ings, i 184; advocates the better educa- tion of women, i 184.
Moxon, Mr., the publisher, trial of, i 285. Müller, Franz, the railway murderer, iv 188; his apprehension and execution, iv 189; need of communication in rail- way-carriages, iv 190.
Municipal Corporations, inquiry into working of, i 165; growth and corrup- tions of, i 165; report of commissioners, i 166; bill introduced by Lord John Russell to amend, i 167; supported by Sir Robert Peel, i 168; passes House of Commons but opposed in Lords, i 171; after compromises between the houses the bill finally passed, i 174; feeling in the country on the disagreement be- tween Lords and Commons, i 175; satisfactory result of the act, i 176; London exempt from the reform, i 176.
Nana Sahib, the chief of Bithoor, iii 252; asked to aid in the defence of Cawnpore, iii 252; his treachery, iii
Napier, Sir Charles, bombards St. Jean d'Acre, ii 7; admiral of the Baltic fleet, iii 70, 77; quarrel with Sir James Graham, iii 78; refuses the Grand Cross of the Bath, iii 79: what he achieved in the Baltic, iii 79. Napier, Sir Charles James, conquers Scinde, ii 13.
at Windsor, iii ror; letter to the queen acknowledging the kindness of the re- ception, iii 102; the queen's return visit to Paris, iii 103; his difficult position,
277; attempt on his life by Pianori, iii 277: his schemes regarding the Principalities and Austria, iii 278; his visit to the queen at Osborne, iii 279: attempt on his life by Felice Orsini, iii 280; indignation in France against England, iii 281; despatch of Count Walewski concerning, iii 281; ill feeling of the French towards England, iii 282; the matter amicably settled, iii 288; policy of, iv 159; his proposal for a congress of nations, iv 159; its recep- tion by the powers, iv 159. Napoleon, Prince, his marriage, iii 312; Cobden's opinion of, iii 322.
Nasmyth, inventor of steam-hammer, iv 19.
National Complete Suffrage Union formed, i 281.
National Convention formed, i 281; enormous petition to the House of Commons, i 281; motion by Mr. Dun- combe that the petitioners be heard at the bar, i 281; rejected by house, i
Napier, General Sir Robert, leads the Napoleonic prestige, the, ii 273. Abyssinian expedition, iv. 247. Napiers, the family of, ii 12. Naples, Mr. Gladstone's strong charges against the government of, ii 259; hor- rible condition of the prisons, ii 261; examples of tyranny, ii 262; case of Baron Carlo Poerio, ii 262; treatment of the prisoners, ii 265; Poerio's charac- ter, i 266; political catechism taught in the schools, ii 266; extracts from the constitution, ii 268; comparison with Charles I. of England and Ernest of Hanover, ii 269; the subject before the House of Commons, ii 270; Lord Pal- merston sends copies of Mr. Glad- stone's pamphlet to all the courts of Europe, ii 270; replies to Mr. Glad- stone's pamphlet, ii 271; Lord Palmer- ston's treatment of them, ii 271. Napoleon, removal of his body from St. Helena, ii 4.
Napoleon, Louis, early career of, i 196; attempts a rising at Strasburg, i 197; retires to London, i 198; his literary efforts, ii 4; prepares for an expedition, ii 4; lands at Boulogne, ii 5; unsuc- cessful attempt at revolt, ii 5; his im- prisonment, i 5; escapes from Ham, ii 138; settles in England, ii 138; elected a representative to the Na- tional Assembly, ii 228; elected presi- dent, i 230; the coup d'état, i 251; Kinglake's and Victor Hugo's sum- mary of him, ii 251; a communication addressed to the National Assembly,
252; his accomplices in the seizure of power, ii 253: selection of ministers and army officers, ii 253; arrangements to print the proclamations, ii 253; Granier de Cassagnac's account of the arrests, ii 253; arrest and imprisonment of the deputies, ii 255; promotion and sup- pression of insurrection, ii 255; great loss of life, ii 256; proclamations to the country and the army, ii 256; vote for the extension of his term and his power, ii 257; distrust of him in this country, ii 274; his progress through France as president, ii 324; speech at Bordeaux, ii
325: his reception in Paris, ii 326; is proclaimed emperor, ii 327; speech to the senate and legislative body, 327; his marriage, iii 20; addresses a letter to Emperor Nicholas, iii 21; desires to go to the Crimea, iii 99; visits the queen
National Debt, reduction of interest on, ii 60; Mr. Gladstone's proposals on, iv 213.
National Education, need of, iv 279; the Elementary Education Act introduced, iv 280; establishment of school-boards, iv 284; the compulsory and conscience clauses, iv 284; statistics of progress, iv 284; objections to the Code, iv 285: Mr. Gladstone's education bill for Ire- land, iv 289.
Navigation laws, instituted, ii 186; suc- cessive modifications of, ii 186; passing of bill to abolish, ii 187.
Neild, Mr., leaves his fortune to the queen, ii 319.
Neill, General, death of, iii 258; Lord Canning's description of, iii 270. Newcastle, Duke of, his early history, i 334; secretary for the colonies, ii 317; defends himself from charges of indo- lence and indifference in the conduct of the war, iii 147.
Newman, Dr. J. H., his account of rise of Tractarian movement, i 110; trial for libelling Achilli, iii 8. Newspapers, abolition of stamp-duty, iii 231; starting of the penny news- paper, iii 231.
New Zealand, discovery of, ii 13; for- mally annexed to England, ii 13; diffi- culties with the natives, ii 14; Sir George Grey's Polynesian Mythology, ii 14; plan adopted for its colonization, ii 190; incompetent governors, ii 191; affairs put on a better footing by Gov- ernor Grey, ii 191. Nicholas, Emperor of Russia, visit to this country in 1844, ii 130; iii 14; per- sonal appearance and manner, ii 130; attempts to get England to agree to his plans concerning Turkey, iii 14: his fondness for dramatic performances and familiarity with actors, iii 16; love of display, iii 16; industry in govern-
ing, iii 17; estimate of his character, iii | 17; anecdote related by Dr. Mandt, iii 18; domestic affection, iii 19; reply to the Emperor of France's letter, iii 22; effect of the news of the battle of the Alma on, iii 103; his death, iii 155. Nightingale, Florence, her birth and education, iii 121; her work in the Crimea, iii 122; testimonial fund sub- scribed for, iii 122.
Nile, discoveries of Captains Speke and Grant, and of Mr. Baker, iv 198; death of Captain Speke, iv 199.
Owen, Robert, his social experiments, i 25; presented to the queen, i 250. Oxford School, the, iv 203.
Oxford Union Society, Mr. Gladstone's connection with, i 44.
Oxford University Commission, report of, iii 12.
King Leopold on the Dano-German war, iv 167; his personal habits, iv 167; his failing health and death, iv 181; anecdote of, iv 181.
Pandies, origin of name, iii 247.
Oxford University, tendency of, towards Panmure, Lord, war secretary, iii 151; high Toryism, i 43. his antecedents and personal appear- ance, iii 151. Paper-duty, reduction of, i 189; agita- tion for the repeal of, iv 26; the bill passes the Commons, but is thrown out by the Lords, iv 27; conflict be- tween the houses, iv 28; appointment of a select committee to inquire into precedents, iv 28; its report, iv 28; re- solutions passed in Commons concern- ing, iv 29; a proposition for remission of duty passed, iv 30.
Nitro-glycerine, explosion of, at New-Pacifico, Don, ii 212. castle, iv 256.
Norbury, Lord, assassination of, i 306. Northcote, Sir Stafford, opposes the budget of 1861, iv 119; private secre- tary to Mr. Gladstone, iv 119, 123: expectations of his success, iv 123; his ancestry and career, iv 123. North-west passage made by Captain Maclure, iv 20.
Nottingham, riot at, i 85.
Oath in courts of justice, iii 1. O'Connell, Daniel, supports the Catho- lic Association, i 26; his mode of ap- pealing to a jury, i 26; his declaration of loyalty to the crown, i 31; is elected and re-elected member for Clare, i 36; speech on Irish disturbances, i 120; his violent language on Earl Grey, i 124; described by Haydon the painter, i 135; the repeal year, ii 123; his great influence, ii 123; government interferes and prohibits a meeting, ii 125; the meeting prevented by O'Connell's ad- vice, ii 125; his influence at an end, ii 126; is prosecuted and found guilty, ii 126; acquitted on appeal, ii 127; his last speech in parliament, ii 128; his death and funeral, ii 129. O'Connor, Feargus, arrested, i 262; leader in the National Convention, i 281; char- acter of, ii 145; shows symptoms of in- sanity, ii 278; winding up of his land scheme, ii 278; scene in the House of Commons, ii 279; committed to prison for assault, ii 289; confined in a lunatic asylum, ii 279.
Open-air meetings, attempt to suppress, iii 6.
Orange conspiracy to prevent the acces- sion of the Princess Victoria to the throne, i 183.
Orangeism, attempt to assassinate the queen attributed to, i 306. Orator Hunt, a Radical reformer, i 3; imprisonment of, i 5. Organization among the masses, growth of the tendency to, ii 30. Orsini, Felice, iii 280. Osborne, Bernal, his sallies of wit, iv 166; his attack on Mr. Disraeli, iv 232. Osborne House, ii 93. Oudh, annexation of, iii 244. Outram, Sir James, iii 257. Overend, Gurney, & Co., failure of,
Owen, Professor, on the gorilla, iv 24.
Pakington, Sir John, colonial secretary, ii 296; troubles about the transporta- tion of criminals, ii 308; first lord of the admiralty, iii 287. Palestro, battle of, iii 314. Palmer, William, case of, iii 234. Palmerston, Viscount, his early career, i 189; is war secretary and foreign secretary, i 31, 69, 189: ii 116; his suc- cess in the foreign office, i 190; advo- cates free-trade in corn, ii 23; the Don Pacifico business, ii 138; his character and policy, ii 208; demands satisfac- tion from Greece of the Don Pacifico and other claims, ii 213; settlement of claims, ii 214; complaints of his action in the matter, ii 214; brilliant speech by Palmerston in defence, ii 215; speeches of Gladstone, Cockburn, and Sir Robert Peel, ii 217; majority for government, ii 221; he approves of the coup d'état, ii 258; remonstrances of the queen and government, ii 258; his removal from the foreign office, ii 258; his conduct in regard to Mr. Glad- stone's pamphlet on the Neapolitan government, ii 270; the subject of his dismissal before the house, ii 281; Lord John Russell's explanation, ii 281; Lord Palmerston's explanation, ii 284; Mr. Roebuck on, ii 285; speech by Mr. Disraeli on, ii 285; Palmerston's deal- ings with Sir Benjamin Hall, ii 286; his horror of cruelty, ii 287; his later account of the reason of his dismissal, ii 287; is home secretary under Lord Aberdeen, ii 317; eager to take decisive measures with Russia, iii 24; his views on the situation, iii 28; his success as home secretary, iii 42; his view on a national fast for the cholera epidemic, iii 42, and on burying dead bodies under buildings, iii 44; his resignation, iii 45: it is withdrawn, iii 49; his speech at a banquet to Sir Charles Napier, iii 70; attacked by Mr. Bright, iii 72; his reply, iii 72; forms a ministry, iii 150; precarious position of the ministry, iii 182; his government attacked and de- feated, iii 202; appeal to the country, iii 204; return of a large majority for government, iii 205; introduces a Con- spiracy to Murder Bill, iii 284; opposi- tion to the bill, iii 285, and defeat of the government, iii 287; resignation, iii 287; again prime minister, iii 292; he offers the presidentship of the Board of Trade to Mr. Cobden, iii 292, 293; on the national defences, iii 306; sup- port given to his ministry by the Con- servative party, iv 29: his letter to
Papineau, Louis Joseph, i 223. Parliament houses burned, i 159. Parliament, opening of session 1830, i 65; dissolution of, in 1834, i 130; the new parliament of 1835 with a Liberal majority, i 132; the opposition choose the speaker, i 132; preparations for the elections to the queen's first, i 218; small Liberal majority returned, i 220; opened by the queen, i 220; dissolution of, in 1841, i 311; election in 1841, large Conservative majority, i 313; meeting of, i 329; opened by the queen, i 330; opening of, in 1852, ii 277; discussion on the kitchen arrangements, ii 277; meeting of, in December, 1854, iii 138; the government attacked for its con- duct of the war, iii 139: Lord John Russell replies, iii 140; dissolved in 1859, iii 291; Liberal majority in the new parliament, iii 291; session of 1866 opened by the queen, iv 209. See General Election. Parliamentary Oaths, bill introduced by Lord Lyndhurst, iii 12. Parliamentary Reform, early attempts at, i 1; effect of French Revolution on, i 2; proposed march of Manchester workmen to petition for, i 2; organizing societies to promote, i 3; efforts of Lord John Russell, i 17, 70; of Mar- quis of Blandford and Lord Althorp, i 38; of Lord Brougham, i 66; Earl Grey's ministry successful, i 90; county fran- chise bill lost, iv 173; Mr. Gladstone on, iv 174; referred to in royal speech of 1866, iv 210; a bill introduced, iv 210, 213; Mr. Gladstone's speech, iv 214; Mr. Lowe's opposition to the bill, iv 215; speeches by Mr. Bright and Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, iv 216; demonstra- tions throughout the country, iv 217; speech of Mr. Gladstone at Liverpool, iv 217; Mr. Bright's letter, iv 217; Mr. Lowe's speech against the bill, iv 218; Mr. Gladstone's reply, iv 219; narrow majority for government, iv 221; bill for redistribution of seats, iv 221; de- feat and resignation of the ministry, iv 222; angry demonstrations over the country, iv 223; bill of 1867 introduced by Mr. Disraeli, iv 226; its provisions, iv 228; opposition of the Liberal party to the bill, iv 229; Mr. Hodgkinson's proposal, iv 231; redistribution of seats, iv 231; Bernal Osborne, Lowe, and Lord Cranborne on Mr. Disraeli and
the bill, iv 232; the bill in the House of Lords, iv 233: Lord John Russell's view of the position, iv 233; the bill finally passed, iv 234.
Passports, abolition of, iv 200. Patagonian missionaries, story of, ii 298.
Patronage (Scotland) Bill introduced, 300; Mr. Gladstone's objections to it, iv 300.
Paul (Sir John Dean), Strahan, and Bates, trial of, for fraudulent appro- priation of trust money, iii 232. Paxton, Sir Joseph, ii 234; his design for the Crystal Palace, ii 234; it is adopted, ii 237.
Peabody, George, his generous gift, iv 127: letter from the queen, iv 128; his additional gifts, iv 128; his death, iv 128; object to which his gifts were applied, iv 128.
Peard, Colonel, Garibaldi's English- man, iv 74.
Peel, Sir Robert, his early career, i 18; is home secretary, i 30; character of, i 68; opposes the disfranchisement of close boroughs, i 78; is chancellor of exchequer, i 98; issues Tamworth Manifesto, i 130; his ministry defeated, i 133; the Duke of Wellington on his truthfulness, i 136; his speech on Irish Church, i 143; he resigns office, i 145; Conservative banquet to, i 200; his speech on accession of Queen Victoria, i 211; his election address for the queen's first parliament, i 218; his policy of opposition to government, i 231; forms a ministry, i 231; requires the dismissal of some of the ladies of the royal household, i 232; opposes the reduction of sugar duties, i 309; his speech on the corn-laws, i 310; carries a vote against the ministry, i 311; his speech on want of confidence vote, i 313; his proposals for modifying the tax on grain, ii 19; his remarks on high duties being unproductive, ii 35; on the income-tax, ii 36; murder of his secretary, i 38; angry encounter be- tween him and Cobden, ii 39; on free- trade, ii 52; his opposition to his govern- ment, ii 63; the personal attacks of Mr. Disraeli on, ii 74; declines the Garter offered by the queen, ii 92; resigns, but again assumes office, ii 93, 94: announces his change of views on the corn-laws, ii 95; his budget, ii 96; arguments against protection and defence against the charge of incon- sistency, ii 97; is enthusiastically praised by Mr. Bright, ii 102; he pro- poses to challenge Mr. Disraeli, ii 106; his defeat on the Irish protection of life and property bill, ii 108; announces his intention to resign, ii 108; Disraeli's estimate of, ii 109; anecdotes of, ii 113; acts of patronage by, ii 114; his last speech in the house, ii 138; his last words on public business, ii 221; is thrown from his horse, ii 221; his death, ii 222; mourning for him over the country, i 223; his funeral, ii 224: Thomas Carlyle on, ii 224. Peel, Sir Robert, made a lord of the admiralty, iii 155.
Peel, Sir William, death of, iii 270; Lord Canning's opinion of, iii 270. Pegu, annexation of, iii 197. Pelissier, General, commands the French army in the Crimea, iii 135; his ante- cedents, iii 136, 164.
Penny Magazine begun, 1832, i 112. Periodical Literature, increase of, i 187. Persia, war with, iii 197; suicide of Major-general Stalker and Commo- dore Ethersey, iii 205. Peterloo Massacre, the, i 5. Philosophical Radicalism, i 107, 311; ii 13.
Phoenix Park assassinations, iv 326. Photography, introduction of, i 271. Pillory abolished, the, i 97.
Pitt, William, opposes parliamentary reform, i 1.
Plimsoll, Mr., his efforts on behalf of seamen, iv 312; scene in the house, iv 313; a government measure introduced, iv 313.
Poet-laureate, appointment of, ii 206. Poland, insurrection in, i 92; Russian tyranny in, iv 153; debate on, in House of Commons, iv 154; conduct of Prus- sia, iv 154; great meeting at the Guild- hall, iv 154; insurrection in, headed by Langiewicz, iv 154; remonstrances of England, France, and Austria, iv 154; Gortschakoff's reply, iv 155; attitude of Austria, iv 155.
Police force, organization of, i 53. Political parties, change in views of, i 198, 252; ii 64.
Political Register, Cobbett's, i 100. Polytechnic in London, iv 9. Poor-law, the new, i 160; evils of the old system, i 160, 164; passing of the bill, i 161, 163; hardships under the new, i 162, 163; decrease of poor-rate under, i 163; proposal by Mr. Disraeli to modify, ii 188; supported by Glad- stone and opposed by Peel, ii 189; working of the poor-law, iv 241. Poor-law Association, Carlyle on, ii 288. Pope Pius IX., Mr. Gladstone on, ii 147; began his career as a reformer, ii 147; is driven from Rome, ii 147, 152. Population, statistics of, iv 331. Postal system, great need for a cheap, i 234: Charles Knight's description of the old, i 235; Mr. Palmer's improve- ments, i 236; Rowland Hill advocates a penny postage, i 239; proposal for an inquiry into the plan opposed by gov- ernment, i 240; the plan adopted, i 240; its enormous development, i 241. Post-office, diminution of revenue from, after the introduction of penny postage, ii 36; complaints concerning opening of letters in the, ii 73. Potato crop, failure of, ii 85. Power-loom, inventor of the, i 275. Press prosecutions for political offences,
Prince Imperial, death of the, iv 321. Princess Royal, betrothal of, iii 278; dowry and pension of, iii 278; her marriage, iii 280.
Principalities, disposal of the, iii 194. Prize-fight between Tom Sayers and Heenan, iv 5.
Progress, meaning of, i 334; railway
Property qualification, abolition of, iv
37. Prosperity of the country, ii 60; before the Crimean war, iii 1; improvement in the condition of the working-classes, iii 2; signs of, in 1860, iv 1. Protectionists, form an opposition to Peel's government, ii 63; their dismay at Sir Robert Peel's free-trade budget, ii 98; led by Lord George Bentinck, ii 99.
Prussia, death of King of, iv 41; war with Austria, iv 236; acquires pre- dominance in Germany, iv 238; war with France, iv 285.
Public Schools, commission of inquiry on, iv 169.
Public Worship Regulation Bill passed, iv its small effects, iv 302. 301; Punch, beginning of, ii 15; influence of Hood's "Song of the Shirt," ii 15. Punjaub annexed to British India, iii
Pusey, Dr., joins Tractarian movement, in; his opposition to Professor Jow- ett, iv 206. Puseyism, i 284.
Quakers, advocate freedom for the negro, i 148.
Radnor, Lord, friend of Cobbett, i 102; recommends Cobbett to the electors, i 103.
Ragged School movement, iii 212. Raglan, Lord, master-general of the ordnance, ii 320; at the battle of the Alma, iii 95; death of, iii 136, 167. Railway accidents, iv 187; on the Shrewsbury and Chester line in 1865, iv 187; at Abergele in 1868, iv 188; Col. Rich's report, iv 188. Railway companies, embarrassments of, iv 238.
Railways, development of, i 233, 272: beginning of excursion trains, i 272; the mania of 1845-50, ii 179; dispute concerning the broad and narrow gauges, i 181; great increase of, in the years preceding the Crimean war, iii 1; increase of railways and public works, iv 3; statistics of railways, iv
Rangoon, taking of, iii 197.
Ratazzi succeeds Cavour as minister, iv 83; attempts to repeat Cavour's policy, iv 83, 86. Rebeccaites, the, ii 121; joined by the Chartists, ii 122; grievances removed, ii 122.
Recreation for the people, iii 217. Redistribution of seats, bills for, iv 221,
Redpath frauds, the, iii 236. Reform, agitation for parliamentary, ii 302; iii 289; Mr. Bright's outlines of a bill, iii 289; Mr. Disraeli introduces
bill, iii 289; Mr. Bright's objections to it, iii 290; Lord John Russell's amend- ment, iii 290; Mr. Gladstone supports the government, iii 290; the oratory of Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton and Sir Hugh Cairns, iii 291; Lord Palmerston on the position of the government, iii 291; defeat of the government, iii
Reform Bill of 1832, provisions of the, i 72; list of places wholly or partly to be disfranchised by it, i 77; opposition of the clergy to, i 78; second reading carried, i 78; government defeated in committee, i 78; parliament dissolved, i 79; new parliament, i 83; the bill passed in House of Commons, i 83; thrown out by House of Lords, i 84; excitement and riots in the country, i 84; proposal to refuse to pay taxes till the bill was passed, i 88; the king declines to create new peers to pass the bill, i 88; the ministry resign, i 88, but are recalled, i 90; the bill receives the royal assent, i go; fears entertained of the consequences of its passing, i 199. Reform Bill of 1852, introduced by Lord John Russell, ii 289; its provisions, ii 289; received lukewarmly, ii 289. Reform Bill of 1854, iii 50; withdrawn,
Reform Bill of 1860, introduced by Lord John Russell, iv 37; lukewarmly re- ceived, and withdrawn, iv 38. Reform Bill of 1866 introduced, iv 213; its fate, iv 222.
Reform Bill of 1867 introduced by Mr. Disraeli, iv 226.
Reform League, the, iv 223; its connec- tion with the Hydepark Riots, iv 223. Reformed parliament, work in, i 118; diary of Edward Baines, i 119. Registration Act passed, i 177. Regium Donum, motion on the, iv 266; compensation for withdrawal of, iv 271. Religious activity from 1830-1834, i 110. Restaurants, spread of, iv 10. Revolutions in 1848, effect of, on this country, ii 142.
Rhanee of Jhansi, iii 268. Ribbonism in Ireland, iv 260. Rice, Spring, in Lord Melbourne's ministry, i 127; chancellor of the ex- chequer, i 180; reduces the duty on newspapers and on paper, i 189. Richmond, surrender of, iv 142. Rinderpest, appearance of, iv 2. Riots and incendiarism, ii 120. Ripon, Lord, president of Board of Trade, i 318.
Ritualism, result of, iv 12; riots in St. George's-in-the-East, London, iv 17; in the Church of England, iv 294; Mr. Gladstone on, iv 298; a royal commis- sion appointed, is 300. Roberts, General Sir Frederick, iv 320. Roebuck, John Arthur, birth and early career, i 225; enters parliament of 1832, i 107; unseated at Bath, i 220; advocates the cause of Canada, i 224; his quarrel with Mr. Coppock, ii 301: on danger from French invasion, ii 308; moves for a committee of inquiry into the conduct of the Crimean war, iii 141, 143; carried by a large majority,
iii 147; report of committee, iii 177; | Salisbury, Lord, secretary for foreign moves a vote of reprehension on the affairs, iv 318; attends Berlin Congress, cabinet, iii 178; rejected by Sheffield electors, iv 268.
Romilly, Sir Samuel, i 17. Rosse, Lord, his great telescope, ii 175. Royal British Bank, failure of, iii 233. Royal Charter, wreck of the, iv 56. Royal Institution, lectures on science at, iv 9.
Ruffini, fate of, ii 1.
Runnymede Letters, ii 63, 65.
Russell, Lord John, his education and early efforts on reform, i 17; introduces first reform bill, i 70; his popularity, i 79; on the defeat of the Peel ministry, i 134; on the Established Church, i 136; on the Irish Church, i 137; is charged with inconsistency, i 138; becomes home secretary, i 167; his election address for the queen's first parlia- ment, i 218; on Philosophical Radical- ism, i 311; opposes Peel's sliding-scale, ii 21; is unable to form a ministry, ii 93; reasons for voting against the Pro- tection of Life Bill, ii 115; forms a ministry, ii 116; carries a sugar-duties bill, ii 116; introduces a reform bill, ii 289; militia bill, ii 291; resigns office, ii 295; is foreign secretary, ii 317; his reform bill of 1854, iii 50; it is with- drawn, iii 51; his resignation, iii 52; he urges the prime minister to remove the Duke of Newcastle and appoint Lord Palmerston, iii 137; again resigns office, iii 141; is colonial secretary, iii 155; sent to Vienna, iii 157; complaints of his conduct in the Vienna negotia- tions, iii 180; again resigns, iii 181; is denounced by Disraeli, iii 181; moves amendment on Disraeli's reform bill, iii 290; amendment carried, iii 291; again foreign secretary, iii 292; on church-rates, iv. 16; introduces a re- form bill, iv 37, and withdraws it, iv 38; his despatch on the action of the Sardinian government, iv 81; gratitude of Cavour and Garibaldi, and other Italians, iv 83: forms a ministry after Palmerston's death, iv 182; his re- form bill of 1866, iv 210, 213; resigns office, iv 222; his view of the reform bill of 1867, iv 233; retires from public life, iv 235.
Russell, Lord William, murder of, i 306. Russell, W. H., describes the battle of Inkerman, iii 112.
Russia, her demands on Turkey, iii 22; they are refused, iii 23; the Russians take possession of Moldavia and Wal- lachia, iii 23; the Vienna note, iii 23; her alleged policy, iv 316; declares war against Turkey, iv 316. See Crimean War.
Sadleir, John, M. P., embezzlements and forgeries of, iii 232. Sadowa, battle of, iv 238. Sale, General Sir Robert, marches from Cabul to Jellalabad, ii 8; relieved by General Pollock, ii 11. Sale of Beer Act, ii 295.
Salomons, Sir David, prosecution of, iv 37-
Sanitary matters, increased attention to, i 187; ii 18, 178, 181; iii 2. San Juan, island of, iv 288. Schleswig-Holstein war.
mark. Schneider rifle, the, iii 326. iv 19.
Scientific progress, Scinde, annexation of, ii 13. Scott, John. See Eldon.
Scott, Sir Walter, his political views and treatment at Jedburgh, i 106; his death, i 106.
Sebastopol, strength of, iii 105; invest- ment of, and attack on, iii 106; block- ing of the harbour, iii 106. Secessions to the Church of Rome, iv 203.
Secret Societies, English genius not favourable to, ii 145; sketch by Mr. Disraeli of initiation into a trades'- union, ii 146; increased since Chartist days, fi 147.
Secular Education, advance of, i 49. Secularists, organization of the party, iii 7.
Semmes, Captain, commander of the Sumter and Alabama, iv 135, 136. Sewing-machine, introduction of, iv 19. Shaftesbury, Earl of, devoted to the amelioration of the condition of the labouring poor, ii 204; succeeds in stopping delivery of letters on Sun- day, i 205; the practice resumed, ii 205; his interest in the Ragged School movement, iii 212.
Sheffield, inundation of, iv 186. Sherbrooke, Lord. See Lowe. Shipka Pass, the, iv 316. Shuttleworth, Sir J. K., i 267. Sikhs, drinking habits of the, ii 161. Simpson, General, takes command of the army in the Crimea, iii 136, 168. Six Acts, the, i 6.
Slavery, proposed abolition of, i 22; be- ginning of agitation, i 55; renewed attempt, i 146; statistics of, i 146; evidence before committee of House of Commons, i 146; liberation of slaves by Quakers, i 148; government object to sudden emancipation, i 148; insurrection in Jamaica, i 149; excite- ment in Great Britain, i 149; motion for abolition lost, i 149; meetings on the subject, i 149; account by Sir George Stephen of one, i 150; Mr. Gladstone rebuts the charge of cruelty on his father's estate, i 150; govern- ment scheme of abolition, i 152; ap- prenticeship proposed, 152; Harriet Martineau on, i 152; opposition to the apprenticeship scheme, i 153; the government scheme of emancipation passed, i 154; joy of the negroes, i 154; Thomas Carlyle on the results of aboli- tion, i 154; the apprenticeship ended and emancipation completed, i 156; the efforts to stop the slave-trade in- crease the sufferings of the negroes, i 156; Lord Brougham's attempts to mitigate these, i 157; motion in the
House of Commons, i 157: Mr. Glad- stone's speech, i 157; the motion re- jected, i 157; government proposal to suspend the constitution of Jamaica fails, i 158; a modified proposal intro- duced and carried, i 158; further ar- rangements for putting down the slave- trade, i 158; treaty between France and England to suppress slave-trade, i 192.
Smith, Albert, iv 9.
Smith of Deanston, Mr., his proposal on improving the condition of Ireland, ii 119.
Smith, Rev. Sydney, i 95, 186.
Smith, Mr. Vernon, president of the Board of Control, iii 155. Social improvements, 54.
Social science, increased attention to, ii 18.
Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, i 49.
Society for Improving the Dwellings of the Industrial Classes, iii 228. Solferino, battle of, iii 315. Somerville, Mrs., ii 176.
Soult, Marshal, at the coronation of Queen Victoria, i 230; on the French alliance with England, i 230. South Kensington Museum, the Vernon and Turner collection removed to, iii 325; establishment of, iv 200. Soyer, Alexis, his views on Irish cookery, ii 141; organizes the culinary services in the Crimea, iii 130. Spanish marriages and Louis Philippe,
Spasmodic school of poetic romance and philosophy, ii 207.
Special Correspondents at the seat of war, iii 120.
Speke, death of Captain, iv 199. Spencer, Earl, Lord-lieutenant of Ire-
Spinning-jenny, the first, i 275.
by, iv 3; their commercial success, death of, iv 3.
St. Jean d'Acre, siege of, i 290. St. Leonards, Lord, lord-chancellor, ii 296.
Stockmar, Baron, sent by King Leopold as adviser and secretary to the queen, i 217; esteem in which he was held, i 218; dissatisfaction of opponents with his position, i 218; his value in the queen's household, i 305. Stowe, Mrs. Harriet Beecher, publishes Uncle Tom's Cabin, ii 301; iv 92. Strathbogie case, the, ii 166.
Strikes among the working - classes, iv 309.
TURNER Bill introduced, iv 151, 152; operations of the Alliance, iv 151; meeting of clergymen at Manchester, iv 151; pro- visions of the bill, iv 152; Mr. Bright's counter plan, iv 152.
Tennyson, Alfred, appointed poet-lau- reate, ii 206; family of, ii 207; on the coup d'état, i 274.
Thackeray, Wm. M., poem on the Great Exhibition, ii 283; May Day Ode, ii 243; on the snob political, ii 287; publication of Esmond, ii 301; his death, iv 196; his literary character, iv 196; Dickens' obituary notice of, iv 196.
Thames, purification of the, iii 228. Thames Embankment, the, iv 3. Thames Tunnel, the, ii 175.
Strong drinks, decreasing use of, i 188. St. Stefano, treaty of, iv 318. Subscription to Church articles, iv 208. Theology, change in popular, ii Suez Canal, the, iv 322.
Sugar duties, proposal of Peel's govern- ment to modify, ii 66; amendment of Mr. Miles carried, ii 67; government threaten to resign unless the vote be reversed, ii 67; the vote reversed, ii 68; further reduction of duties, ii 69; Mr. Milner-Gibson on, ii 71; Gladstone and Macaulay on, ii 72; the govern- ment proposal carried, ii 73. Sugden, Sir Edward. See St. Leon- ards.
Thiers, M., forms a ministry, ii 2; his warlike attitude, ii 3; his professions distrusted, ii 6; resignation, ii 6. Thom, "Sir William Courtenay,” de- lusion of, i 247; his pretentions and their result, i 247.
Thomson, Sir William, his early career, iii 329; studies and improvements in electrical science, iii 329; the success of the Atlantic telegraph cable due to, iii 330.
Thuggism prohibited, iii 243.
Sumter, Fort, taken by the Con- Ticket-of-leave system, iii 238.
federates, iv 100, 110.
Sunday Beer Bill, iii 226. Sunday trading, bill for the suppression of, i 222; riotous demonstrations against the bill, iii 222; it is with- drawn, iii 224; petitions for inquiry into alleged outrages by the police, iii 224; riotous proceedings, iii 224; Lord Palmerston and Lord Brougham mobbed, iii 225.
Surrey Zoological Gardens, iv 10. Suttee abolished in India, iii 243. Sveaborg, bombardment of, iii 184.
Spiritualism, introduction of, iv 18; Swift, Dean, his scheme for disposing
Faraday on, iv 19.
Spurgeon, Mr. C. H., iv 11. Stanfeld, Mr., iv 212.
Stanhope, Lady Hester, her ability and strange career, i 273.
Stanley, of Alderley, president of Board of Trade, iii 155. Stanley, Dean, iv 204.
Stanley, Lord, chief secretary for Ire- land, i 69; resigns, i 123; declines to join Peel's ministry, i 131; ii 94; speech on the Irish Church, i 142; is colonial secretary, i 318; opposes repeal of the corn-laws, ii 92; becomes Earl of Derby, ii the "Rupert of Debate," iii 301. Stanley, Lord, secretary for the colonies in his father's ministry, iii 287. Star of India, the order of the, iv 43. Statute Law, consolidation of the, iv 168; Lord Westbury's labours, iv 168. Steam-hammer, invention of, i 271; iv 19. Steam marine, development of, i 271, 234; iii 327; iv 20.
Steel, making of, iv 19.
Stephens, James, Fenian head-centre,
Stephens, Rev. J. R., i 253; his violent speech at Chartist meeting, i 260. Stephenson, Robert, works constructed
Syria, outbreak and massacres in, iv 63, 64; generous conduct of Abd-el-Kader, iv 65: Lord Dufferin's account of the scene at Deir-el-Kamar, iv 65; inter- ference of France and England, and punishment of the leaders, iv 65.
Tahiti, differences about, ii 131. Taku forts, stormed by the allies, iv 61. Tamworth Manifesto, the, i 130. Tea-room Party, the, iv 230, 231. Telegraph, increase of, previous to the Crimean war, iii 1.
Tower of London, fire at, i 330. Tractarian movement, the, i 110, 284; is joined by Dr. Pusey, i 111. Trades-union, Mr. Disraeli's sketch of initiation into a, ii 146. Trades-unions, revival of, i 161; activity of, in 1834, i 162; large mass meeting of, at Copenhagen Fields, i 162; alarm in London, i 162; petition the govern- ment, i 163; outrages connected with, iv 123; action of, iv 239; great de- monstration in London, iv 239; Mr. Leicester's oratory, iv 239; effects of their operation, iv 240; outrages at Sheffield and other towns, iv 241; ad- dresses to working - men by Lord Brougham and Mr. Thomas Hughes, iv 241; a commission of inquiry ap- pointed, iv 242; evidence of witnesses, iv 242; the miscreant Broadhead, iv 242; Trades-union Act passed, iv 286. Transportation, abolition of, iii 237.
Telegraph Cable, laying of the first and Transvaal, the, iv 320. second Atlantic, iii 329. Temperance movement, its beginnings, iv 149; formation of societies, iv 149; merges into the Total Abstinence movement, iv 150; the "Paisley Youths" and the Tradeston Society in Glasgow, iv 150; organization at Pres- ton, iv 150; progress of the movement, iv 150; formation of the National Tem- perance League and of the United King- dom Alliance, iv 150; the Permissive
Trelawney, Sir John, his church-rate bill, iv 13.
Trent case, the, iv 116. Truck system, Disraeli's description of a scene in a tommy-shop, ii 15. Turkey, affairs in, iv 315; Mr. Glad- stone's pamphlet on Bulgarian Hor rors, iv 316; war with Russia, iv 316. Turner, the artist, iii 3; bequeaths his collection to the nation, iii 3; buried in St. Paul's, iii 4.
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