commemorate their founding and development, and the open air theatre was under construction.

The programs for the afternoons of Pageant Week were arranged by the Committee on Marking Historic Spots. Each afternoon was devoted to unveiling markers on the site of the homes of former citizens and marking certain historical spots. These exercises began at two o'clock in the afternoon with brief speeches at the site of each marker. At three-thirty each day there were addresses by orators of renown in Central Park, interspersed with music. Home-Coming Day and State Institution Day were appropriately celebrated. In the Jacksonville Centennial number of the Illinois State Historical Journal we have related in considerable detail the history of the founding of our State Institutions. During Pageant Week those events were honored with special exercises in which all the institutions participated. All of the officers of the State administration were exceedingly helpful throughout the year.

President Coolidge recently said: "The Memorial idea is sound and is sure to grow as increasing opportunities present themselves. * * * One test of the civilization of any age is the regard which it has for the teaching of the past and opinion of posterity." This sentiment so well expressed by the President was a controlling factor in the plans of the Commission in giving especial attention to the permanent marking of historic spots and names. We have little in Jacksonville which was won merely by the expenditure of money. Whatever distinction we have attained has been through the men and women who have made their names known to the world. We believe that the best and most lasting accomplishment of our Centennial year was the placing of historic markers in various parts of our city and county.

In addition to the markers already mentioned in this survey we placed others to the following names:

1. General Benjamin Grierson of Civil War fame.

2.

Colonel John J. Hardin who was killed at the battle of Buena Vista in the Mexican War.

3.

Governor Richard Yates, our Civil War Governor.

4. Camp Grant, at the Fairgrounds where Colonel U. S. Grant stopped with the 21st Illinois Volunteers on their march from Springfield to Quincy.

5. Stephen A. Douglas, who began the practice of law in Jacksonville, was State's Attorney and member of the Legislature from this country.

6. Daniel Webster, who, as the guest of Governor Joseph Duncan, made an address here.

7. William Jennings Bryan, graduated at Illinois College, and practiced law here for several years.

8. Judge William Thomas, attorney and member of the Legislature and often called "The Father of our State Institutions."

9. Rev. John M. and Frances Brard Ellis, through whom both Illinois College and the Jacksonville Female Academy had their inception.

10. Jonathan B. Turner, often called "The Father of the Federal Land Grant University Idea."

11. Judge Samuel D. Lockwood, noted jurist and one of the earliest members of the Illinois Supreme Court.

12. Dr. David Prince, surgeon and the first teacher of surgery in Illinois.

Thomas and Catherine Kendall Carson, Mr. Carson was the first tavern-keeper and the first jailer in Morgan County. Mrs. Carson was one of the first nurses and mid-wives in Illinois. Dr. Thomas J. Pitner, Physician and Patron of education. 15. Dr. Greene V. Black, often referred to as the "Father of Modern Dentistry."

14.

16. The site of the first Christian Church.

These, with those already placed, make a total of twentyfour markers of historic names and spots. There are a number of other names and spots, equally deserving but the Committee did all they could on the occasions offered and we think made a splendid start. In the judgment of the writer the placing of these markers is the best and most permanent accomplishment of the Centennial year. Thousands yet to come will get inspiration from these honored names. Placing these markers is the tribute of a community to the lives of these men and women.

The illustrations in this paper have been confined almost wholly to a reproduction of our historic markers.

Pageant Week was a busy one in which fully one thousand people took some part in the various presentations. It was the culminating effort of six months of historic study and preparation.

PAGEANT

The Pageant of Jacksonville and Old Morgan County was not a parade nor a procession, nor an exposition, but a great living drama, performed by over five hundred citizens in a wonderful open air theatre, out under the stars. The plot of this drama is the history of the city and county, notable in the nation. The characters are great men and women who lived and worked here.

Many of these characters are of the state-wide and national interest-Lincoln, Douglas, Duncan, Hardin, Sturtevant, Turner, Beecher, Lovejoy, Dorothy Dix, Grant, Grierson, Yates, Cartwright, Logan, Bateman.

In the Prologue appear the wilderness peoples and great characters and episodes of pioneer times.

life.

The masque brought out in spectacular allegory the city's

The Pageant Drama was written by Thomas Wood Stevens, author of the Pageant of St. Louis, the Pageant of Missouri, the Pageant of Virginia, and many others, and it was under his general direction. In seeking a pageant writer and director, the Commission decided early to attempt to secure the leading pageant writer of the country and feels that it succeeded. Mr, James Church, was in immediate direction of the training of the cast. The following is a summary of the scenes of the Pageant:

PROLOGUE

The Mound Builders appear with the High Priest, the Young Chief, the first Hunter, and the People of the Mound Builders as they prepare to bury the dead. The episode is prehistoric, and represents the moment when a tribe forsook its mounds and its agriculture to follow the buffalo hunt.

The French Explorers are represented by Louis Joliet, Father Marquette, a Chief, and a Messenger. The chief's speech in greeting is taken from Marquette's report in the Jesuit Relations. The episode takes place in 1673.

The French Claim shows La Salle and Tonti, Voyagers, Soldiers, and Friars. In taking the land in the name of the King of France, La Salle claimed for France the entire region drained by the Mississippi. Time, 1680.

The British Claim was made by Captain Sterling, a Scout, and eight Highlanders, and proclaimed the transfer of the land by France to Great Britain. The land was ceded to Great Britain by the treaty of Paris in 1763.

In Pontiac's Conspiracy, he tried to unite the western tribes against the English in 1765. This scene shows Pontiac, and Illinois Chief, an old Chief, Neyon de Villiers, and Illinois Indians, Ottawa Indians, and French Soldiers.

The Virginian Contest shows George Rogers Clark, Pére Gibault, Rangers and French Refugees. A Virginian expedition captured the forts of the Illinois country in 1778. The meeting with Pere Gibault is reported in Clark's Journal. The striking episode of the scene is Clark's assurance to Pére Gibault that Virginia will protect religious liberty.

America takes possession through its representative, General St. Clair, and American Settlers rejoice in the great event. The old Northwest was erected into a territory by the Ordinance of 1787. General St. Clair arrived as Governor in 1790.

The Kickapoo Council showed the negotiations of Ninian Edwards, and Commissioners with Chief Macine and Kickapoo Indians, in which the Indians sell their lands to the Government and move across the Mississippi. The land where Jacksonville now stands was bought by the Government from the Kickapoos in 1820.

The beginning of Morgan County was represented by John