The Scientific Evidences of Organic EvolutionMacmillan and Company, 1882 - Всего страниц: 88 |
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Стр. 71
... instinct , and in a lesser degree with those of reason and con- science . For the theory shows that if structures admit of being moulded to their special uses by natural selection , the same must be true of instincts ; and it is found ...
... instinct , and in a lesser degree with those of reason and con- science . For the theory shows that if structures admit of being moulded to their special uses by natural selection , the same must be true of instincts ; and it is found ...
Стр. 72
... instincts generally are developed to a large extent in many of the lower animals , and particularly so in the quadrumana , the theory of natural selection is provided with a reasonable basis for furnishing a scientific explanation of ...
... instincts generally are developed to a large extent in many of the lower animals , and particularly so in the quadrumana , the theory of natural selection is provided with a reasonable basis for furnishing a scientific explanation of ...
Стр. 74
... instincts are supposed to be due to natural selection ( whether alone or in conjunction with other natural causes ) , we have no need to feel staggered at flagrant cases of imperfection ; we have only to wonder at the number of cases in ...
... instincts are supposed to be due to natural selection ( whether alone or in conjunction with other natural causes ) , we have no need to feel staggered at flagrant cases of imperfection ; we have only to wonder at the number of cases in ...
Стр. 75
... instinct that is of benefit to its possessor has come also to be utilised by other species . Now , on the beneficent ... instincts . For how magnificent a display of divine beneficence would organic nature have afforded , if all , or ...
... instinct that is of benefit to its possessor has come also to be utilised by other species . Now , on the beneficent ... instincts . For how magnificent a display of divine beneficence would organic nature have afforded , if all , or ...
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adaptive modification adduced anatomical feature apes aquatic argument from geology become branches branchiæ cause classification crocodile Crown 8vo Darwin Deity descent with adaptive doctrine of evolution embryology evidence in favour F.R.S. Illustrated fact favour of organic fish five toes fossil species frogs Galapagos Archipelago genera geological hereditary descent highly organised hypothesis ideal type instance instincts intelligent design limbs lines of evidence logical mammals Mivart natural selection natural theologians newts numberless observed oceanic islands organic evolution organic nature organic types Origin of Species phenomena plants and animals porpoise present Professor Huxley quadrumana quadrupeds inhabiting reason resemble rudi rudiment rudimentary scientific classification Sir JOHN LUBBOCK special creation theory special creationists special design specially created species of plants specific type supernatural design suppose teleology theory of descent theory of design theory of evolution theory of natural tion transmutation of species typical structures vertebrata vertebrate whale whole
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Стр. 3 - natural selection." Nature, so to speak, selects the best individuals out of each gen'eration to live. And not only so, but as these favored individuals transmit their favorable qualities to their offspring, according to the fixed laws of heredity, it follows that the individuals composing each successive generation have a general tendency to be better suited to their surroundings than were their forefathers. And this follows, not...
Стр. 76 - ... conceivable supposition that every species of Rhinoceros and every species of Hyaena, in the long succession of forms between the Miocene and the present species, was separately constructed out of dust, or out of nothing, by supernatural power; but until I receive distinct evidence of the fact, I refuse to run the risk of insulting any sane man by supposing that he seriously holds such a notion.
Стр. 61 - as the white man's rat has driven away the native rat, so the European fly drives away our own ; and as the clover kills our fern, so will the Maori disappear before the white man himself.
Стр. 49 - A second great fact which strikes us in our general review is, that barriers of any kind, or obstacles to free migration, are related in a close and important manner to the differences between the productions of various regions.
Стр. 39 - Throughout the animal and vegetable kingdoms we constantly meet with organs which are the dwarfed and useless representatives of organs which, in other and allied kinds of animals and plants, are of large size and functional utility. Thus, for instance, the unborn whale has rudimentary teeth, which are never destined to cut the gums ; and we all know that our own rudimentary tail is of no practical service. Now, rudimentary organs of this kind are of such 1 This consideration is, I believe, original.
Стр. 3 - That is to say, in every generation of every species a great many more individuals are born than can possibly survive; so that there is in consequence a perpetual battle for life going on among all the constituent individuals of any given generation.
Стр. 41 - Now, is it a worthy conception of Deity that, while neglecting to maintain his unity of ideal in the case of nearly all the numerous species of snakes, he should have added a tiny rudiment in the case of the Python— and even in that case should have maintained his ideal very inefficiently, inasmuch as only two limbs, instead of four, are represented...