must remember the glowing sense of happiness which he g experienced, when he first breathed in a foreign clime, of where the civilized man had seldom or never trod. a There are several other sources of enjoyment in a long by voyage, which are of a more reasonable nature. The map of the world ceases to be a blank; it becomes a picture m full of the most varied and animated figures. Each part sc assumes its proper dimensions: continents are not looked ch at in the light of islands, or islands considered as mere o specks, which are, in truth, larger than many kingdoms m of Europe. Africa, or North and South America, are well- c sounding names, and easily pronounced; but it is not until n having sailed for weeks along small portions of their g shores, that one is thoroughly convinced what vast spaces h on our immense world these names imply. From seeing the present state, it is impossible not to c look forward with high expectations to the future progress of nearly an entire hemisphere. The march of improvement, consequent on the introduction of Christianity throughout the South Sea, probably stands by itself in the records of history. It is the more striking when we remember that only sixty years since, Cook, whose excellent judgment none will dispute, could foresee no prospect of a change. Yet these changes have now been effected by the philanthropic spirit of the British nation. In the same quarter of the globe Australia is rising, or indeed may be said to have risen, into a grand centre of civilization, which, at some not very remote period, will rule as empress over the southern hemisphere. It is impossible for an Englishman to behold these distant colonies, without a high pride and satisfaction. To hoist the British flag, seems to draw with it as a certain consequence, wealth, prosperity, and civilization. In conclusion, it appears to me that nothing can be more improving to a young naturalist, than a journey in distant countries. It both sharpens, and partly allays that want and craving, which, as Sir J. Herschel remarks, a man experiences although every corporeal sense be fully satisfied. The excitement from the novelty of objects, and the chance of success, stimulate him to increased activity. Moreover, as a number of isolated facts soon become uninteresting, the habit of comparison leads to generalization. On the other hand, as the traveller stays but a short time in each place, his descriptions must e generally consist of mere sketches, instead of detailed Observations. Hence arises, as I have found to my cost, a constant tendency to fill up the wide gaps of knowledge, by inaccurate and superficial hypotheses. But I have too deeply enjoyed the voyage, not to recom-. mend any naturalist, although he must not expect to be so fortunate in his companions as I have been, to take all chances, and to start, on travels by land if possible, if otherwise on a long voyage. He may feel assured, he will meet with no difficulties or dangers, excepting in rare cases, nearly so bad as he beforehand anticipates. In a moral point of view, the effect ought to be, to teach him good-humoured patience, freedom from selfishness, the habit of acting for himself, and of making the best of every occurrence. In short, he ought to partake of the characteristic qualities of most sailors. Travelling ought also to teach him distrust; but at the same time he will discover, how many truly kind-hearted people there are, with whom he never before had, or ever again will have any further communication, who yet are ready to offer him the most disinterested assistance. NOTE.-The snake, described at page 91, with the curious habit of vibrating its tail, is a new species of Trigonocephalus, which M. Bibron proposes to call T. crepitans. large animals, 83 Agouti, habits of, 66 Ague common in Peru, 351 Albemarle Island, 361 on Holuthuriæ, 447 Alluvium, saliferous, in Peru, 349 Amblyrhynchus, 366, 370 seq., 379 Antipodes, 401 Ants at Keeling Island, 439 in Brazil, 33 Apires, or miners, 326 Aplysia, 6, 447 Apple-trees, wood of, 284, 285 Aptenodytes demersa, 189, 190 Areas of alternate movements in the Pacific Armadilloes, habits of, 91 fossil animals allied to, 123, 147 Arrow-heads, ancient, 99, 342 Ascension, 472 Aspalax, blindness of, 49 Astelia pumila, 274 Athene cunicularia, 118 Atolls, 448 seq. Attagis, 89 Atwater, Mr., on the prairies, 112 Audubon, M., on smelling-power of carrion-hawks, 175 Australia, 415 Australian barrier, 474 on rain in La Plata, 44 on habits of carrion-hawks, 54 on ostrich-eggs, 86 on bows and arrows, 100 on new plants springing up, 112 BACHMAN, Mr., on carrion-hawks, 176 Brazil, 11 scenery of, 476 Balbi on coral reefs, 452 Barking-bird, 276 Basaltic platform of Santa Cruz, 180 Bathurst, Australia, 425, 426 Bats, vampire, 20, 21 Bay of Islands, New Zealand, 401 Beagle Channel, Tierra del Fuego, 214 Beetles, small number of, in Tierra del alive in sea, 150 Behring's Straits, fossils of, 125 Bibron, M., 367, 370 Birds of the Galapagos Archipelago, 364, Birds, tameness of, 383 seq. Birgos latro, 445 Bizcacha, habits of, 66, 117, 118 Blackwall, Mr., on spiders, 153 Blindness of tucutuco, 49 Blue-gum-tree, 417 Mountains, 420 Body, frozen, 84, 238 Bolabola, 452, 456 Bolas, manner of using, 42, 105 Bombs, volcanic, 474 Bones of the guanaco collected in certain spots, 159-167 fire made of, 185 recent in Pampas, 127 fossil, 77, 120, 123, 147, 164 Bory St. Vincent on frogs, 367 Brazil, great area of granite, 11, 12 Brewster, Sir D., on a calcareous deposit, 9 488 CABBAGE palm, 24 Cacti, 165, 249, 360 Cactornis, 364, 365, 380 Calasoma on wing out at sea, 150 Calcareous casts of branches and roots of trees at King George's Sound, 433. Callao, 350, 353 Calodera, 118 Calomys bizcacha, 117 Camarhynchus, 365, 380 Camelidæ, fossil animal allied to, 164 Capybara, or carpincho, 47, 275 fossil allied to, 78 Cape Horn, 201 of Good Hope, 81, 82 Caracara, or Carrancha, 52, 53, 54 Cardoon, beds of, 113, 140 Castro, Chiloe, 265, 281 Casuarina, 433 Casuchas, 311, 321 Cathartes, 55, 176 Cats run wild, 114, 474 good to eat, 110 Cattle killed by great droughts, 127, 139 2 183 know each other, 137 curious breed of, 137, 138 wild at the Falkland Islands, 180-182, Cauquenes, hot springs of, 251, 252 Causes of extinction of species among of discoloured sea, 14 Cavia Patagonica, 66, 67 Caylen, 266, 267 Certhia familiaris, 226 Cervus campestris, 46 Ceryle Americana, 131 Chacao, Chiloe, 262 -, passage of, 301 structure of valleys, 302 of Copiapó, 343 Cormorant catching fish, 189 Corral, where animals are slaughtered at Buenos Ayres, 115 Coseguina, eruption of, 279 Couthouy, Mr., on coral-reefs, 457 Cox, valley of, 422 Crabs, hermit species of, 439, 440 at St. Paul's, IO lera, 313 of frogs, 367 of Fauna of Galapagos, 378 Dobrizhoffer on ostriches, 88 on a hail-storm, 109 Docks, in New Zealand, imported, 412 D'Orbigny, travels in South America, 74, Doubleday, Mr., on a noise made by a Drigg, lightning tubes at, 56 of winds in Tierra del Fuego, 220 of air in Cordillera, 312 Du Bois, 367, 385 Dung-feeding beetles, 471 Dust, falling from atmosphere, 4 -on plains of Santa Cruz, 178 Estancia, value of, 137 Extinction of shells at St. Helena, 471 of species, causes of, 165 of man in New South Wales, 418, Eyes of tucutuco and mole, 49 FALCONER, Dr., on the Sivatherium, 138 on rivers in Pampas, 101 on natural enclosures, 110 Falkland Isands, 179 182 birds tame at, 384 absence of trees at, 45, 185 -, geology of, 187 wild cattle and horses of, 181, climate of, 231, 232 -, peat of, 274 -, zoology of, 189 Fat, quantity eaten, 111 |