Journal of Researches Into the Geology and Natural History of the Various ... - Charles Darwin - Google Книги

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CONTENTS

Porto Praya-Ribeira Grande-Atmospheric Dust with Infusoria-Habits

of a Sea-slug and Cuttle-fish-St. Paul's Rocks, non-volcanic-

Singular Incrustations-Insects the first Colonists of Islands-Fernando

Noronha-Bahia-Burnished Rocks-Habits of a Diodon-Pelagic

Confervæ and Infusoria-Causes of discoloured Sea

Rio de Janeiro-Excursion north of Cape Frio-Great Evaporation

-Slavery-Botofogo Bay-Terrestrial Planaria-Clouds on the

Corcovado-Heavy Rain-Musical_Frogs-Phosphorescent Insects-

Elater, springing powers of-Blue Haze-Noise made by a Butterfly

-Entomology-Ants-Wasp killing a Spider-Parasitical Spider-

Artifices of an Epeira-Gregarious Spider-Spider with an

symmetrical Web.

Monte Video-Maldonado-Excursion to R. Polanco-Lazo and Bolas

-Partridges-Absence of Trees-Deer-Capybara, or River Hog-

Tucutuco-Molothrus, cuckoo-like habits-Tyrant Flycatcher-Mock-

ing-bird-Carrion Hawks-Tubes formed by Lightning-House

Rio Negro-Estancias attacked by the Indians-Salt Lakes-Flamingoes

-R. Negro to R. Colorado-Sacred Tree-Patagonian Hare-Indian

Families-General Rosas-Proceed to Bahia Blanca-Sand Dunes-

Negro Lieutenant-Bahia Blanca-Saline Incrustations-Punta Alta

Bahia Blanca-Geology-Numerous gigantic extinct Quadrupeds-Recent

Extinction-Longevity of Species-Large Animals do not require a

luxuriant Vegetation-Southern Africa-Siberian Fossils- Two Species

of Ostrich-Habits of Oven-bird-Armadilloes-Venomous Snake,

Toad, Lizard-Hybernation of Animals-Habits of Sea-Pen-Indian

Wars and Massacres-Arrow-head, Antiquarian Relic

Set out for Buenos Ayres-Rio Sauce-Sierra Ventana-Third Posta-

Driving Horses-Bolas-Partridges and Foxes-Features of the

Country-Long-legged Plover-Teru-tero-Hailstorm-Natural En-

closures in the Sierra Tapalguen-Flesh of Puma-Meat Diet-Guardia

del Monte-Effects of Cattle on the Vegetation-Cardoon-Buenos

Ayres-Corral where Cattle are slaughtered.

p. 100

Excursion to St. Fé-Thistle-Beds-Habits of the Bizcacha-Little Owl-

Saline Streams-Level Plains-Mastodon—St. Fé-Change in Land-

scape-Geology--Tooth of extinct Horse-Relation of the Fossil and

recent Quadrupeds of North and South America-Effects of a great

Drought—Parana-Habits of the Jaguar-Scissor-beak-King-fisher,

Parrot, and Scissor-tail-Revolution-Buenos Ayres-State of Govern-

Excursion to Colonia del Sacramiento-Value of an Estancia-Cattle, how

counted Singular Breed of Oxen-Perforated Pebbles-Shepherd-

dogs-Horses broken-in, Gauchos Riding-Character of Inhabitants

-Rio Plata-Flocks of Butterflies-Aëronaut Spiders-Phosphor-

escence of the Sea-Port Desire-Guanaco-Port St. Julian-Geology

of Patagonia-Fossil gigantic Animal-Types of Organization constant

-Change in the Zoology of America-Causes of Extinction p. 134

Santa Cruz-Expedition up the River-Indians-Immense Streams of

Basaltic Lava-Fragments not transported by the River-Excavation

of the Valley-Condor, habits of Cordillera-Erratic Boulders of

great size-Indian Relics-Return to the Ship-Falkland Islands-

Wild Horses, Cattle, Rabbits-Wolf-like Fox-Fire made of Bones

-Manner of hunting Wild Cattle-Geology-Streams of Stones-

Scenes of Violence—Penguin—Geese-Eggs of Doris-Compound

Tierra del Fuego, first arrival-Good Success Bay-An Account of the

Fuegians on board-Interview with the Savages-Scenery of the

Forests-Cape Horn-Wigwam Cove-Miserable Condition of the

Savages-Famines-Cannibals-Matricide-Religious Feelings-Great

Gale-Beagle Channel-Ponsonby Sound-Build Wigwams and settle

the Fuegians-Bifurcation of the Beagle Channel-Glaciers-Return

to the Ship-Second Visit in the Ship to the Settlement-Equality of

Condition amongst the Natives

Strait of Magellan-Port Famine-Ascent of Mount Tarn-Forests-

Edible Fungus-Zoology-Great Sea-weed-Leave Tierra del Fuego

-Climate-Fruit Trees and Productions of the Southern Coasts-

Height of Snow-line on the Cordillera-Descent of Glaciers to the

Sea Icebergs formed-Transportal of Boulders-Climate and Pro-

ductions of the Antarctic Islands-Preservation of Frozen Carcasses-

Valparaiso-Excursion to the Foot of the Andes-Structure of the Land-

-Ascend the Bell of Quillota-Shattered Masses of Greenstone-

Immense Valleys-Mines-State of Miners-Santiago-Hot-baths of

Cauquenes-Gold-mines-Grinding-mills-Perforated Stones-Habits

of the Puma-El Turco and Tapacolo-Humming-birds p. 240

Chiloe-General Aspect-Boat Excursion-Native Indians-Castro-Tame

Fox-Ascend San Pedro-Chonos Archipelago-Peninsula of Tres

Montes-Granitic Range-Boat-wrecked Sailors-Low's Harbour-

Wild Potato-Formation of Peat-Myopotamus, Otter and Mice-

Cheucau and Barking-bird-Opetiorhynchus-Singular Character of

Ornithology-Petrels

San Carlos, Chiloe-Osorno in eruption, contemporaneously with Acon-

cagua and Coseguina-Ride to Cucao-Impenetrable Forests-Valdivia

-Indians-Earthquake-Concepcion-Great Earthquake-Rocks fis-

sured-Appearance of the former Towns-The Sea black and boiling-

Direction of the Vibrations-Stones twisted round-Great Wave-

Permanent elevation of the Land-Area of Volcanic Phenomena-The

connexion between the elevatory and eruptive forces-Cause of Earth-

quakes-Slow elevation of Mountain-chains.

Valparaiso—Portillo Pass-Sagacity of Mules—Mountain Torrents-Mines,

how discovered-Proofs of the gradual Elevation of the Cordillera—

Effect of Snow on Rocks-Geological Structure of the two Main Ranges,

their distinct Origin and Upheaval-Great Subsidence-Red Snow-

Winds-Pinnacles of Snow-Dry and clear Atmosphere-Electricity-

Pampas-Zoology of the opposite sides of the Andes-Locusts-Great

Bugs-Mendoza-Uspallata Pass—Silicified Trees buried as they grew

-Incas Bridge-Badness of the Passes exaggerated-Cumbre-

Casuchas-Valparaiso

Coast-road to Coquimbo-Great Loads carried by the Miners-Coquimbo

-Earthquake-Step-formed Terraces-Absence of recent Deposits-

Contemporaneousness of the Tertiary Formations-Excursion up the

Valley Road to Guasco-Deserts-Valley of Copiapó-Rain and

Earthquakes-Hydrophobia-The Despoblado-Indian Ruins-Pro-

bable Change of Climate-River-bed arched by an Earthquake—Cold

Gales of Wind-Noises from a Hill-Iquique-Salt Alluvium-Nitrate

of Soda-Lima-Unhealthy Country-Ruins of Callao, overthrown

by an Earthquake-Recent Subsidence-Elevated Shells on San

Lorenzo, their decomposition-Plain with embedded Shells and frag-

ments of Pottery-Antiquity of the Indian Race

Galapagos Archipelago-The whole Group Volcanic-Number of Craters

-Leafless Bushes-Colony at Charles Island-James Island-Salt-

lake in Crater-Natural History of the Group-Ornithology, curious

Finches-Reptiles-Great Tortoises, habits of Marine Lizard, feeds

on Sea-weed-Terrestrial Lizard, burrowing habits, herbivorous-Im-

portance of Reptiles in the Archipelago-Fish, Shells, Insects-Botany

-American type of organization-Differences in the Species or Races

on different Islands-Tameness of the Birds-Fear of Man, an

acquired instinct .

Pass through the Low Archipelago-Tahiti-Aspect-Vegetation on the

Mountains-View of Eimeo-Excursion into the Interior-Profound

Ravines-Succession of Waterfalls-Number of wild useful Plants—

Temperance of the Inhabitants-Their moral state-Parliament con-

vened-New Zealand-Bay of Islands-Hippahs-Excursion

Waimate-Missionary Establishment-English Weeds now run wild

Waiomio Funeral of

a New Zealand Woman-Sail for

Sydney-Excursion to Bathurst-Aspect of the Woods-Party of Natives

-Gradual Extinction of the Aborigines-Infection generated by

associated men in health-Blue Mountains-View of the grand gulf-

like Valleys-Their Origin and Formation-Bathurst, general civility

of the lower orders-State of Society-Van Diemen's Land-Hobart

Town-Aborigines all banished-Mount Wellington-King George's

Sound-Cheerless aspect of the country-Bald Head, calcareous Casts

of Branches of Trees-Party of Natives-Leave Australia

Keeling Island-Singular appearance-Scanty Flora-Transport of Seeds-

Birds and Insects-Ebbing and flowing Wells-Fields of dead Coral-

Stones transported in the roots of trees-Great Crab-Stinging Corals

-Coral-eating fish-Coral Formations-Lagoon Islands, or Atolls-

Depth at which reef-building Corals can live-Vast Areas interspersed

with low Coral Islands-Subsidence of their Foundations-Barrier

Reefs-Fringing Reefs-Conversion of Fringing Reefs into Barrier

Reefs, and into Atolls-Evidence of Changes in Level-Breaches in

Barrier Reefs-Maldiva Atolls; their peculiar structure-Dead and

submerged Reefs-Areas of Subsidence and Elevation-Distribution

of Volcanoes-Subsidence slow, and vast in amount
• p. 435

Mauritius, beautiful appearance of Great crateriform Ring of Mountains-

Hindoos-St. Helena-History of the Changes in the Vegetation-

Cause of the Extinction of Land-shells-Ascension-Variation in the

Imported Rats-Volcanic Bombs-Beds of Infusoria-Bahia—Brazil—

Splendour of Tropical Scenery-Pernambuco-Singular Reef-Slavery

Return to England-Retrospect on our Voyage.

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