Cartel, 235, 240. (See also Execu-
tive agreement.)
Ceremonials, obligation of, 209.
Cherokee Indians. (See Treaties.)
China:

Dispatch of troops to, by Presi-
dent, 227.

Reservation to treaty of Ver-
sailles, 49. (See also Trea-
ties.)

Chinese exclusion acts:

Protected by China, 17, 162.
Subject to international cogni-
zance, 32. (See also Acts of
Congress.)

Citizens of the United States, defini-
tion, 276.
Citizenship:

Determination by courts, 278.
Recognition by Department of

state, 277.

Civil services, observance of interna-
tional law by, 167.

Civil war, authority to use force in,
193. (See also American Civil
War.)

Claims:

Delegation of power to settle,

220.

International, 82, 209.

Law applied in settling, 222,

May be compromised, 82.
May be presented to President,

222.

Mode of presentation, 23, 35, 65,
217.

Number settled by treaty and ar-
bitration, 244.

War, settlement of, by treaty,

220.

Claims court. (See Court of
Claims.)

Claims treaty. (See Treaties.)
Clay, Henry:

On recognition power of Con-
gress, 271.

On right of Senate to refuse
ratification of treaties, 44.

On reprisals, 298.

Resolution of recognition, 279.
Clayton-Bulwer treaty. (See Trea-
ties, Great Britain.)

Cleveland, President Grover:

On Monroe Doctrine, 39, 283.
On obligation to indemnify in-
jured aliens, 225.

Urges legislation to enforce arms

trade treaty, 191.
Colombia. (See Treaties, Colom-
bia.)

Colonial governor, power of, 145.
Comancho case, 99, 162.
Commander-in-chief, power of Presi-
dent to make arrangements as, 240.
(See also President.)

Comity of nations, international un-
derstandings, 8, 212.

Commerce, power to control, 302.
Commercial treaties. (See Treaties.)
Commission of inquiry, power of
President to submit controversies
to, 219.

Commissioners, appointment of, 326.
(See also Diplomatic agents.)
Common law:

Certain principles of, 209-211.
Obligations under, 213.
Jurisdiction of federal courts
under, 196-198.

Compromis of arbitration:

Power to make, 108, 223, 236.
Senate participation in, 216–217.
(See also Executive agree-
ment.)

Concert of Europe, nature of, 319.
Concurrent resolution, ineffective to
denounce treaty, 34.

Confederate states of America, un-
official reception of mission by
England, 35.

Confiscation of property, 169.
Congress :

Can not be deprived of powers

by treaty, 101.

Can not bind President in for-
eign affairs, 350.
Can not

delegate legislative

power, 312.
Can not delegate power to au-
thorize reprisals, 209.

Can not delegate war power, 290.
Can not exercise judicial or ex-
ecutive functions, 312.
Can not make treaties, 233.
Checks upon disregard of inter-
national law by, 164.
Concurrent resolution not sub-
ject to international cogni-
zance, 33.

Consent of, to state agreements,
230.

Control of federal administra-

tion, 235.

Control of Indian relations, 234.
Control of diplomatic officers, 61.
Delegation of power to Presi-

dent, 302.

Delegation of power to make in-
ternational
agreements, 105,
233, 236, 374.

Duty of courts to apply acts of,
350.

Duty of President to enforce
acts of, 350.

Duty to carry out Executive

agreements, 237, 349.

Duty to carry out military under-

taking of President, 349.
Duty to execute treaties, 191,
207.

Incompatibility of membership

in, with public office, 316.
Influence in foreign relations,
366, 370.

Initiative in domestic affairs, 148.
May be deprived of discretion
by treaty, 103.

National obligations to be deter-
mined by, 216.

Observance of international law
by, 162.

Powers concurrent with Presi-
dent, 340, 341.

Powers concurrent with treaty-
making power, 344, 345.
President's official communica-
tions to, subject to interna-
tional cognizance, 36.

Privileges and immunities of, 96.
Recognition of international re-
sponsibilities, 18.

Rejection of resolutions affecting
foreign relations, 279.
Relation to President, 371.
Resolution of single house, not
subject to international cogni-
zance, 33.

Veto on

war declaration, 149.
(See also Act of Congress;
Congress, powers; House of
Representatives, Senate.)

Congress, powers of, 96.

Abrogation of treaty, 260.

Annexation of territory, 275-276.
Appropriations, 225.

Cable landing, 267.

Commerce, 302.

Commercial pressure, 301.
Conduct of war, 305.

Confiscation of enemy property,

300.

Creation of offices, 311.

Criteria of expatriation, 277.
Declaration of war, 227, 290.
248.

Interpretation of constitution,
347.
Intervention, 310.

Meeting of international respon-
sibilities, 18, 100, 159.
Naturalization, 277.

ments, 236.

Termination of voidable treaties,
356.

Termination of war, 292.
Treaty making, 261
Use of force, 305.
Conquest:

Acquisitions of territory by, 276.
Termination of war by, 291.
Conspiracy against foreign states, 188.
Constitution of United States:

Amendments to, when effective,
31.

Appeals from Supreme Court to
international tribunal not per-
mitted by, 118.

Compared with British constitu-
tion, 375.

Compared with European consti-

tutions, 369.

tional law, 174.

Validity of consent to treaty de-
termined by, 26. (See also
Congress, Courts, President,
Separation of Powers, States
of United States, Treaty-mak-
ing power.)

Constitutional limitations:

Do not affect international re-
sponsibilities, 17.

Mainly of territorial application,
124.

On foreign relations power, 121,
125.

On national powers, 76.
On state powers, 73.
Constitutional provisions referred to:

Abolition of slavery, 80, 301, 350.

Administration of territory, 355.
Admission of new states, 130,
275.

Appointing power, 98, 101, 119,

314-316.

Letters of marque and reprisal,
298.

Maintenance of courts, 15.
Militia, 94, 304.
Naturalization, 277.

Necessary and proper clause, 80,

87, 155, 179, 311, 357.
Non-suability of states by indi-
viduals, 205.

Offenses against law of nations,
79, 87, 155, 179.
Organization of army and navy,
320.

Organization of courts, 355.
Powers of President, 141, 146.
Power to conduct foreign rela-
tions, 71.

Power to meet international re-

sponsibilities, 159.

Preamble, 358.

Rules of capture, 85.
Separation of powers, 76, 95.
States' rights, 76, 86.

Supreme law of the land, 5, 32,
344.
Treaty-making power, 53, 246.
Treaty supersedes state laws, 162.
Treaties supreme law of land, 57,
73, 104, 172, 196, 354.
Veto power, 141.

War powers of national govern-
ment, 284.

War powers of states, 264.
Constitutional understandings:

Importance of, 8, 126, 368, 369,

Bound by written law, 174.
Can not make international
agreements, 234.

Constitutional powers of, 96.
Determination of citizenship by,
278.

Decisions do not affect interna-

tional responsibility, 18.

Do not investigate political ques-
tions, 172, 269.

Duty to apply Acts of Congress,
351.

Duty to apply reservations to
treaty, 253.

Duty to apply treaties, 172, 257.
Enforcement of executive agree-
ments, 236, 242.

Establishment of, required by in-
ternational law, 14.

Foreign relations powers of, 266,
267.

Observance of executive agree-

ments, 239.

Observance of international law,
170.

Power to meet international re-
sponsibilities, 158.

Recognition of termination of
treaty, 256.

Recognition of territorial accre-
tions, 273. (See also Court of
Claims, Federal courts, Su-
preme Court.)

Courts, Prize. (See Prize courts.)
Crandall, S. B.:

On Congressional initiative of
treaties, 248.

On duty to know treaty power

of foreign states, 41.

On negotiators of treaties, 249.
Crawford, Secretary of the Treasury,
on power of recognition, 272.
Criminal judgments, not executable
in foreign courts, 189.

Criminal jurisdiction of federal
courts. (See Federal courts.)
Crown, British, powers of, 143.
Cuba, dispatch of troops to, by Presi-
dent, 227. (See also Treaties.)
Cuban insurgents, status of, 173.
Cullom, Shelby E., Senator from Illi-
nois, on arbitration treaties, 112,