Abercrombie, James: made commander-
in-chief of forces in America, 500
Abercromby, Sir Ralph: his expedition
to Egypt, 551
Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon,
Earl of his foreign policy, 603
Aboukir Bay: battle of (1798), 549
Abraham, Heights of: battle of (1759),
500
Aclea (Ockley): battle of (851 A.D.),
42
Acre: captured by Richard, 113
Addington, Henry, Viscount Sidmouth:
becomes premier, 551; enters Pitt's
ministry, 556; in All the Talents
Ministry, 558
Addison, Joseph: sketch of, 461
Addled Parliament, The (1614), 311
Adrian IV, Pope: presents Ireland to
Henry II of England, 107
Adrian VI, Pope: accession of, 243
Adulterine Castles: destruction of, 96
Ælfred the Great, king of England:
reign of, 43; death of, 45
Ethefrith: his struggle with the
Kymry, 31
Æthelbald, king of the Mercians: con-
quers Wessex, 39
Æthelbald, king of England: reign of,
Æthelberht, king of Kent: reign of, 27
Æthelberht, king of England, son of
Ethelwulf: reign of, 42
Æthelings: power of, 39
Ethelred I, king of Wessex: his strug-
gles with the Danes, 42
Ethelred (II) the Unready, king
of England: reign of, 56; death
of, 59
Æthelred of Mercia: appointed ealdor-
man, 44
Æthelric, king of Bernicia: combines
Deira and Bernicia, forming North-
humberland, 30
Ethelstan: reign of, 46
Æthelwold, Bishop of Winchester: his
career, 50
Ethelwulf, king of England: his strug-
gles with the Northmen, 42
Aëtius: Britons appeal to, 17
Agincourt: battle of (1415), 198
Agricola: becomes governor of Britain,
Aidan: his efforts to convert the men
of North-humberland, 35
Aix-la-Chapelle, Peaces of: (1668), 393;
(1748), 488
Alabama Affair, The, 622
Alasco, John: teachings of, 268
Alban: martyred, 14
Albert Francis Augustus Charles Em-
manuel, prince-consort of England:
marries Queen Victoria, 598; death
of, 622
Alençon, François, Duke of: plans mar-
riage with Elizabeth of England,
287, 292; death of, 293
Alexander III, Pope: attempts to rec-
oncile Henry II of England and
Thomas à Becket, 102
Alexander I, emperor of Russia: asks
aid of England against France,
559
Alexander II, emperor of Russia: ac-
cession of, 617
Alexander III, king of Scotland: death
of, 146
Alexandria: siege of (1801), 551
Allen, William: founds a seminary for
Catholic missionaries to England,
Alma: battle of the (1854), 615
Alnwick: battle of (1174), 108
Althorp, Lord: see Spencer, John
Charles, Earl Spencer
Alva, Fernando Alvarez de Toledo,
Duke of: governor of the Nether-
lands, 285
Amiens, Mise of (1264), 140
Amiens, Treaty of (1802), 552
Anderida: captured by Saxons, 18
Angles: invade Britain, 19
Anglo-Japanese Alliance, 642
Annates, Act of (1532), 250
Annates, Act of (1534), 252
Anne, queen of Great Britain: joins Wil-
liam III, 430; reign of, 453; death
of, 466
Anne of Bohemia: marries Richard II
of England, 180
Anne of Brittany: aided by England,
225; marries Charles VIII of
France, 226
Anne of Cleves: marries Henry VIII
of England, 260
Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury:
made archbishop, 84; resists Wil-
liam Rufus, 85; recalled to Eng-
land, 88; his quarrel with Henry
I, 89
Anti-Corn Law League: formed, 600;
growth of, 605
Appeals, Act of (1533), 250
Arabi Pasha: rebellion of, 634
Argyle, Archibald Campbell, Marquis
of: in civil war in Scotland, 352
Argyle, Archibald Campbell, Earl of:
execution of, 422
Argyle, John Campbell, Duke of:
crushes rebellion of Mar, 470
Arkwright, Sir Richard: inventions of,
533
Arlington, Henry Bennet, Earl of:
Armada, The Invincible (1588), 295
Armagnac, Bernard VII, Count of: see
Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac
Arms, The Assize of (1181), 108
Arms Act (1843), 604
Army of God and the Holy Church
(1215), 126
Arnold, Benedict: treason of, 519
Arras, Treaty of, 219
Arteveldt, Jacob van: leader of Flemish
cities, 158
Arthur, King: legend of, 24
Arthur, Prince of Wales: marriage and
Arthur of England, Prince: claims
throne, 121; murdered, 122
Arundel, Earl of: wins naval victory,
181; takes up arms against Richard
II, 181; executed, 184
Arundel, Thomas, Archbishop of Can-
terbury: banished, 184
Ashley, Anthony Ashley Cooper, Lord:
see Shaftsbury, Charles Ashley
Cooper, Earl of
Assiento Treaty (1713), 464
Atbara battle of the (1898), 638
Augustine, Saint: sent to England. 28;
becomes Archbishop of Canterbury,
Aulus Plautius: invades Britain, 8
Austerlitz: battle of (1805), 557
Australia: sketch of the history of, 629
Babington, Anthony: plots against Eliz-
abeth, 294
Bachelors, Knights: see Knights Bach-
elors of England
Bacon, Francis, Baron Verulam and
Viscount St. Albans: sketch of,
302; advises James I, 310; fall of,
315
Bacon, Sir Nicholas: character of, 316
Badajoz captured by Wellington, 565
Bæda, "the Venerable Bede": first
English historian, 39
Ball, John: imprisoned, 174
Ballard: plots against Elizabeth, 294
Balliol, Edward: claims Scottish throne,
Balliol, John, king of Scotland: does
homage to Edward I of England,
147; renounces his homage, 148
Ballot Act (1872), 627
Bank of England: founded, 441; sus-
pends cash payments (1797), 546;
resumes cash payments, 571
Bannockburn: battle of (1314), 153
Bantry Bay Expedition (1796), 546
Barcelona: captured by the allies
(1705), 456
Barebone's Parliament (1653), 366
Baring, Evelyn, Earl of Cromer: his
work in Egypt, 638
Barnet (Chipping Barnet): battle of
(1471), 217
Barons, Revolts of the: (1075), 78;
(1087), 82; (1172-1174), 108;
(1215), 126
Barrow, Henry: hanged, 301
Bastwick, John: tried before the Star
Chamber, 333
Bate's Case (1606-1608), 309
Bath, William Pulteney, Earl of: see
Pulteney, William, Earl of Bath
Baxter, Richard: imprisoned, 421
Bay of Biscay: battle of (1805), 556
Bayeux Tapestry, 67
Beachy Head: battle of (1689), 438
Beaufort, Henry, Bishop of Winches-
ter: feud with Duke of Gloucester,
202; becomes cardinal, 202; advo-
cates peace with France, 205; death,
207
Beaufort, John, Duke of Somerset: suc-
ceeds to the command in France,
206; death, 207
Bedford: battle of (571 A.D.), 24
Bedford, John, Duke of: career of, 201
Bedford, John Russell, Duke of: leader
of Parliamentary faction, 507; ad-
mitted to office, 508; death of, 514
Belgians: invade Britain, 6
Bell, Henry: makes first English steam-
boat, 590
Benedict of Nursia: organizes the Ben-
edictine Rule, 29
Benedictine Monks, Order of: founded,
29; increase of their wealth and in-
fluence, 91
Bennet, Henry, Earl of Arlington: see
Arlington, Henry Bennet, Earl of
Bentham, Jeremy: sketch of, 578
Bentinck, Lord George: defeats Peel
ministry, 606
Bentinck, William, Earl of Portland:
see Portland, William Bentinck,
Earl of
Bentinck, William Henry Cavendish,
Duke of Portland: see Portland,
William Henry Cavendish Ben-
tinck, Duke of
Beorhtic: his contest with Ecgberht for
West Saxon crown, 40
Berlin, Treaty of (1878), 632
Berlin Decree (1806), 560
Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac:
leader of feudal party in France,
194
Bertha, queen of Kent; marries Æthel-
berht, 27
Bertie, Robert, Earl of Lindsey: see
Lindsey, Robert Bertie, Earl of
Bertrand VII, Count of Armagnac;
murder of, 199
Berwick: siege of (1333), 157
Berwick, Treaty of (1638), 336
Better Government of India, Bill for
(1783), 527
Beverley Minster: built, 141
Bible, The: translated into English, 257
Bigod, Hugh, Justiciar: offends barons,
139
Bigod, Roger, Earl of Norfolk: leads
baronial opposition to Edward I,
149
Birmingham Political Union: demands
Parliamentary reform, 586
Bishops' War, First, 336
Black Death in England: (1348), 163;
(1361), 169
Black Prince: see Edward, Prince of
Wales
Blackwater: battle of (1598), 303
Blake, Robert: commands fleet against
the Dutch, 365; commands expedi-
tion against Tunis and Algiers, 370;
death of, 371
Blanketeers, March of the (1816), 571
Blenheim: battle of (1704), 455
Bloody Assizes, The (1685), 423
Boadicea, wife of a Briton chief: insur-
rection of, 10
Bodleian Library: nucleus of, 238
Boer War, 640
Bohun, Humfrey, Earl of Hereford:
leads baronial opposition to Edward
I, 149
Boleyn, Anne: influence of, over Henry
VIII of England, 246; marriage of,
250; death of, 256
Bolingbroke, Viscount: see St. John,
Henry
Bologna, University of: founding and
growth of, 116
Bombay: acquired by the
the English
crown, 384
Bonaparte, Napoleon: see Napoleon (I)
Bonaparte
Boniface VIII, Pope: issues the Clericis
Buckingham, George Villiers, 1st Duke
of: growth of his influence, 312;
attempts to relieve Rochelle, 322;
impeached, 322; assassinated, 325
Buckingham, George Villiers, 2d Duke
of: sketch of, 393; negotiates sham
treaty with France, 396
Buller, Sir Redvers Henry: his cam-
paign in South Africa, 641
Bunker Hill: battle of (1775), 516
Bunyan, John: sketch of, 391
Burdett, Sir Francis: his reform propo-
sals, 583
Brember, Mayor of London: hanged, Burgh, Hubert de: defends Dover Cas-
tle, 129; sends out fleet which de-
feats French, 130; dismissed from
office and arrested, 131
Burgoyne, John: his campaign in Amer-
ica, 517
Burgundy, John the Fearless, Duke of:
see John the Fearless, Duke of
Burgundy
Burke, Edmund: supports repeal of
Stamp Act, 509; proposes reforms
in Parliament; 519; denounces
French Revolution, 540
Burns, Robert: sketch of, 576
Burton, Henry: tried before the Star
Chamber, 333
Bute, John Stuart, Earl of: be-
comes prime minister, 505; resigns,
506
Butler, Joseph: publishes his
Butler, Samuel: sketch of, 391
Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell: agitates
slavery question, 592
Byng, John: fails to relieve Minorca,
496; death of, 498
Byron, George Noel Gordon, Lord:
sketch of, 577
Cabot, John: voyages of, 230
Cade, Jack: rebellion of, 209; death of,
Cadiz: captured by the English (1596),
298
Cædmon, Anglo-Saxon herdman: his
poems, 38
Cadwalla, King of Gwynneld: joins
Penda, 34; downfall of, 35
Caen: siege of (1417), 199
Cæsar, Caius Julius: conquers Gaul, 6;
Caewlin, chief of the West Saxons: his
campaigns against the Angles, 24;
Idefeated at Wanborough, 25
Calais sieges of (1347), 162; (1557-
1558), 275
Calder, Sir Robert: at battle of Bay of
Biscay, 556
anti-Pope: elected by
Frederick Barbarossa, 102
Calvin, John: teachings of, 276
Camden, Charles Pratt, Earl of: see
Pratt, Charles, Earl of Camden
Campbell, Archibald, Marquis of Ar-
gyle: see Argyle, Archibald Camp-
bell, Marquis of
Campeggio, Lorenzo: papal legate to
England, 246
Camperdown: battle of (1797), 548
Camperdown, Adam Duncan, Viscount:
see Duncan, Adam, Viscount Cam-
perdown
Campion, Edmund: executed, 292
Campo-Formio, Treaty of (1797), 548
Camulodunum: founded by the Ro-
mans, 9; massacre of Romans at,
Canada: union of, 595; organization of
government of, 629
Canning, George: member of Portland
ministry, 559; becomes Foreign Sec-
retary, 573; made Prime Minister,
581; death of, 582
Canning, Sir Stanford: urges Sultan to
refuse the Vienna Note, 614
Canrobert, François Certain: commands
French forces in Crimea, 616
Canterbury: sacked by Northmen, 42
Cape Colony: sketch of its history, 630
Cape St. Vincent: battle of (1797), 547
Capel, Arthur, Earl of Essex: see Es-
sex, Arthur Capel, Earl of
Cardigan, James Thomas Burdenel,
Lord: leads charge of the Light Bri-
gade, 616
Carlisle fortified by William Rufus, 86
Carlyle, Thomas: sketch of, 613
Caroline, Queen of George II of Eng-
land: her influence over George II,
477; death of, 480
Caroline of Brunswick: marries George
IV of England, 573
Carmarthen: captured by the French,
Carr, Robert, Earl of Somerset: rise
of, 310; disgraced, 312
Carteret, John, Earl of Granville: his
rivalry with Walpole, 477; sketch
of, 485; fall of, 486; attempts to
form a ministry, 488
Cartwright, Edmund: invents a power
loom, 534
Cartwright, Thomas: leader of reform
movement, 288
Cary, Lucius, Viscount Falkland: see
Falkland, Lucius Cary, Viscount
Cassel: battle of (1328), 158
Cassivelaunus, Briton chief: opposes
Cæsar, 7
Castlemaine, Barbara Villiers, Lady:
her influence over Charles II, 389
Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount:
see Stewart, Robert, Marquis of
Londonderry
Catharine of Aragon: marries Prince
Arthur, 229; dispensation for her
marriage to Henry VIII granted,
231; marries Henry VIII of Eng-
land, 235; Henry VIII desires di-
vorce from, 245
Catharine of Braganza: marries Charles
II of England, 384
Catherine of Valois: marries Henry V,
Catholic Emancipation, 581
Catesby, Robert: plots against James I
of England, 308
Cavalier Parliament (1661), 382
Cavendish, Lord Frederick: murder of,
634
Cavendish, William, Duke of Devon-
shire: see Devonshire, William Cav-
endish, Duke of
|